Burns

• 1st Degree• Surface of skin• Reddening of skin

• 2nd Degree• Partial Thickness• Reddening w/blisters

• 3rd Degree• Full Thickness• Reddening, Blisters w/:

• Charring - Flame burn• Whitening - Liquid

Burn

• 4th Degree• Includes bone

1st Degree

• Surface of skin• Reddening of skin

2nd Degree

• Partial Thickness• Reddening w/blisters

3rd Degree

• Full Thickness• Reddening, Blisters

w/:• Charring - Flame burn• Whitening - Liquid Burn

Treating Burns

• Cool the burn• 3 min. cool water

• Prevent hypothermia• Keep victim warm after burn is cooled

• Serious Burns• 1st Degree

• Small children• Elderly

• 2nd Degree• > 1%

• 3rd Degree• > Any %

• Any burn in a critical area

• Critical Areas• Face• Hands• Feet• Genitalia

• Treat for shock • Protect from infectionCover burnApply (non-stick) dressing

Burn Don'ts

• DON’T use ice

• DON’T apply ointments

• DON’T remove adhered clothing

• DON’T remove tissue

Wound Care

• The procedures are . . .• Control bleeding• Prevent secondary

infection• Clean wound

• don’t scrub

• Apply dressing and bandage

Rules for Dressing

• After 24 hours• In the absence of active bleeding, remove

dressing, clean, and check wound• If there is active bleeding, redress over existing

dressing and maintain pressure and elevation

• Remember•Direct pressure• Elevation•Pressure point• Tourniquet

Eye Injuries

• If eyeball is injured patch both eyes closed

• If not possible leave pinhole (1/16”) for uninjured eye to see through

Eye Dressings

• Put hole into dressing BEFORE APPLYING TO PATIENT

Amputation

• Treat the wound and the associated fractures• Fractures may extend

up into the remaining part

• Keep ends of wound moist

• Don’t place amputated part directly in water• Wrap in damp cloth

• Well wrung out

• Keep cool

Impaled Object

• Don’t remove the impaled object• Stabilize them so

that they don’t move

• Treat wound• Treat for possible

fractures

Nasal Injuries

• Blunt force• Skull fracture• Non-trauma-related

conditions• Blood loss can lead

to shock• Victims may become

nauseated and vomit if they swallow blood

Treating Hypothermia

• SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS:• BODY TEMP 95* OR LESS• REDNESS OR BLUENESS • NUMBNESS WITH SHIVERING

• TREATMENT:• WARM QUICKLY• REMOVE WET CLOTHES• WRAP IN BLANKET• PROVIDE WARM FOOD/DRINK

• USE CAUTION• THEY MUST BE ABLE TO

DRINK FOR THEMSELVES

Public Health Considerations

• Maintain proper hygiene

• Maintain proper sanitation

• Purify water (if necessary)

• 1 PART BLEACH TO 10 PARTS WATER1 PART BLEACH TO 10 PARTS WATER

Steps To Maintain Hygiene

• Wash hands frequently using soap and water

• Wear latex gloves• If possible change after

each patient

• Wear a mask and goggles

• Keep bandages & dressings sterile

• Avoid contact with body fluids

Maintaining Sanitation

• Control disposal of bacterial sources

• Place items in trash bags and place in trash cans

The EndThe End