Byzantine Empire

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EAST-WEST DIVIDE: 395 A.D. Theodosius I

FALL OF THE WESTERN ROMAN

EMPIRE476 A.D. Germanic

invasions (Romulus).The Eastern Roman Empireremained until 1453

Rome Constantinople

The Eastern Roman EmpirebecomesByzantium

• Constatinopleis the capital

• This Empirewas richerthan theWestern RomanEmpire

Emperor Justinian

• Tried to rebuild the Roman Empire: Justinian re-extended the Empire's boundaries to southern Spain, the Italian peninsula and North Africa

POLITICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEMS

• Administrative system: Civil servants (Organized bureaucracy)

BASILEUSGoverned the Church and the State

POLITICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEMS• Themes (provinces)

• Roman Law

• Byzantine society:

1st level: aristocracy, High Church.

2nd level: rest of the clergy, civil servants, merchants, free peasants.

3rd level: serfs and slaves.

BYZANTINE ECONOMY

• Agriculture: latifundia

• Craftwork

• Trade

TheChurch in Byzantine society

• Important because

• it crowned the Emperor

• rich and powerful landowner

• spiritual authority over the population

landowner, crowned, authority, society

Problems faced by the Church• Iconoclastic conflict - In 8th C -Prohibited

worship of icons (holly images).

• East-West Schism -In 1054 there was a separation between:

• Roman Caholic Church

• Byzantine Orthodox Church

Catholic, Orthodox, icons, Schism

Byzantine art

• Mosaics covering walls & ceilings

Architecture (Large domes)

Hagia SophiaBuilt in Constatinople

Icons

Carolingian Empire

Kingdom of the Franks

• Various Germanic Kingdoms in the Old Western Roman Empire

• Most flourishing Germanic kingdom: Franks

• Period that started with Charlemagne: Carolingian Empire.

POLITICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEMS

• Emperor: supreme power.

• Territories division:

Counties (count).

Marches, by the borders . Militarised (marquess).

CAROLINGIAN ECONOMY

• Agriculture : latifundia (large plots of land).

Carolingian society

• Highest: nobles, the high church.

• Intermediate: peasants, craftsmen and merchants.

• lower: serfs (descendants of slaves).

CAROLINGIAN ART

• Architecture: The Palace of Aachen.

• Other artistic manifestations: Small sculptures and miniature paintings in books.

MIND MAP

MIND MAP

MIND MAP