Post on 16-Apr-2017
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CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
PUBLIC AWARENESS PRESENTATIONON
CARDIOVASCULAR
The term cardiovascular refers to the heart (cardio) and the blood vessels (vascular).
The cardiovascular system includes the
• Heart, • Arteries, • Veins, • And Capillaries.
SOURCE: www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/anatomyvideos/000023.htm
CARDIOVASCULAR
Cardiovascular disorder (Heart disease) is any disorder that affects the heart's ability to function normally.
Various forms of heart disease include:• Hypertension• Coronary artery disease (CAD)• Heart failure• Angina • Heart attack (myocardial infarction)• Stroke
SOURCE: www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000147.htm
DISORDER
PREVALANCE CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS If you're like most people,
you think that heart disease is a problem for other People.
Cardiovascular disorders are the world’s largest killers, claiming 17.1 million lives a year and 1/3 deaths.
SOURCE: www.emro.who.int/pakistan/programmes_ncd.htm
PREVALANCE CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS If you think these numbers
don`t concern Pakistan, you are wrong.
The World Health Organization (WHO) projects that over the next 10 years in Pakistan alone, 6th million people will die due to CVD disease.
SOURCE: http://archives.dawn.com/archives/6789(HEART DISEASE: The Risk FactorBy Prof Abdus Samad ,September 27, 2008)
Liaquat Soldier , died of a Heart attack On 30 March 2011.
Moin Akhter Died on 22 April 2011 after suffering from a Heart attack.
UNDERSTANDING HYPERTENSION A SILENT
KILLERHypertensive heart disease refers to heart problems that occur because of high blood pressure
These problems include:
•Coronary artery disease
•Heart failureSOURCE: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000163.htm
The estimated total number of adults with hypertension in 2000 was 972 million
The number of adults with hypertension in 2025 was predicted to increase by about 60% to a total of 1.56 billion.
SOURCE: M Kearney Patricia et al,The Lancet, Volume 365, Issue 9455, Pages 217 - 223, 15 January 2005
GLOBAL PREVALANCE OF HYPERTENSION
HYPERTENSION IN PAKISTAN TIME TO TAKE SOME SERIOUS ACTION
The National Health Survey of Pakistan
estimated that hypertension
affects 18% of adults with every 3rd person over the age of 40 becoming increasingly vulnerable to a wide range of diseases.
Source: British Journal of General Practice, June 2010
HYPERTENSION IN PAKISTAN TIME TO TAKE SOME SERIOUS ACTION
Source: British Journal of General Practice, June 2010
It was also mentioned that only
50% of the people with hypertension were diagnosed and that only half of those diagnosed were ever treated.
Thus, only 12.5% of hypertension cases were adequately controlled.
ORGAN WHICH MAY AFFECT BY HYPERTERNTION
Effects on the Heart and Blood Vessels
• According to the American Heart Association, untreated high blood pressure inflicts tears in the walls of blood vessels, lead to development of plaques or atherosclerosis
SOURCE: www.livestrong.com/article/117888-effects-hypertension-organs/
OTHER THE ORGANS WHICH MAY AFFECT BY HYPERTERNTION
• Effects on the Brain
• Effects on the Kidneys
• Effects on the EyesSOURCE: www.livestrong.com/article/117888-effects-hypertension-organs/
•Confusion•Ear noise or buzzing•Fatigue•Headache•Nosebleed
SYMPTOMS OF HIGH BLOOD PRESSUREMost of the time, there are no symptoms. Symptoms that may occur include:
RISK FACTORS OF HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE
•Family history•Smoking•Lack of Physical activity•Stress and anger•High blood cholesterol•ObesitySource:http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000468.htm
COMPLICATIONS OF HYPERTENSION
COMPLICATIONS OF HYPERTENSION
UNDERSTANDING CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE Coronary artery disease (CAD) is
the most common type of heart disease.
CAD happens when the arteries that supply blood to heart muscle become hardened and narrowed, due to the buildup of cholesterol.
This buildup is called atherosclerosis
SOURCE: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/coronaryarterydisease.html
UNDERSTANDING ANGINA
SOURCE: www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/imagepages/18048.htm
Angina is a specific type of pain in the chest caused by inadequate blood flow through the blood vessels (coronary vessels) of the heart muscle (myocardium).
COMMON SYMPTOMS OF ANGINA
UNDERSTANDING HEART ATTACK
SOURCE: www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/imagepages/18048.htm
As atherosclerosis grows, less blood can flow through the arteries. As a result, the heart muscle can't get the blood or oxygen it needs. This can lead to a Heart attack
Most Heart attacks happen when a blood clot suddenly cuts off the hearts' blood supply, causing permanent heart damage.
UNDERSTANDING HEART FAILURE
SOURCE: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/heartfailure.html
• Heart failure is a condition in which the heart can't pump enough blood throughout the body.
• Heart failure does not mean that your heart has stopped or is about to stop working. It means that your heart is not able to pump blood the way it should.
UNDERSTANDING HEART FAILURE
SOURCE: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/heartfailure.html
The weakening of the heart's pumping ability causes
• Blood and fluid to back up into the lungs
• The buildup of fluid in the feet, ankles and legs - called edema
• Tiredness and shortness of breath
UNDERSTANDING STROKE
SOURCE: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/heartfailure.html
Strokes happen when blood flow to your brain stops. Within minutes, brain cells begin to die.
The more common kind, called ischemic stroke, is caused by a blood clot that blocks or plugs a blood vessel in the brain.
STRATEGIES TO HELP PREVENT HEART DISEASE
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/heart-disease-prevention/WO00041
You can prevent heart disease by following a heart-healthy lifestyle.
1.Don't smoke or use tobaccoChemicals in tobacco can damage
your heart and blood vessels and causes atherosclerosis. When it comes to heart disease prevention, no amount of smoking is safe.
STRATEGIES TO HELP PREVENT HEART DISEASE
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/heart-disease-prevention/WO00041
2.Exercise for 30 minutes on most days of the week
Physical activity helps you control your weight and can reduce strain on your heart.
It also reduces stress, which may be a factor in heart disease.
STRATEGIES TO HELP PREVENT HEART DISEASE
Source:www.mayoclinic.com/health/heart-disease prevention/WO00041
3. Eat a heart-healthy dietEating foods that are low in fat, cholesterol and salt.
The diet is rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, which can help protect your heart. Beans, and certain types of fish also can reduce your risk of heart disease.
STRATEGIES TO HELP PREVENT HEART DISEASE
Source:www.mayoclinic.com/health/heart-disease prevention/WO00041
4. Maintain a healthy weightAs you put on weight in
adulthood, your weight gain is mostly fat rather than muscle. This excess weight can lead to conditions that increase your chances of heart disease — high blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes
STRATEGIES TO HELP PREVENT HEART DISEASE
Source:www.mayoclinic.com/health/heart-disease prevention/WO00041
One way to see if your weight is healthy is to calculate your body mass index (BMI), determining whether you have a healthy or unhealthy percentage of body fat.
BMI numbers 25 and higher are associated with an increased risk of heart disease and stroke.
STRATEGIES TO HELP PREVENT HEART DISEASE
Source:www.mayoclinic.com/health/heart-disease prevention/WO00041
waist circumference also is a useful tool to measure how much abdominal fat you have:
•Men are considered overweight if their waist measurement is greater than 40 inches
•Women are overweight if their waist measurement is greater than 35 inches
STRATEGIES TO HELP PREVENT HEART DISEASE
Source:www.mayoclinic.com/health/heart-disease prevention/WO00041
5. Get regular health screeningsHigh blood pressure and high
cholesterol can damage your heart and blood vessels.
Regular screening can tell you what your numbers are and whether you need to take action
STRATEGIES TO HELP PREVENT HEART DISEASE
Source:*www.mayoclinic.com/health/heart-disease prevention/WO00041*JAMA 2003;289:2560–71.
BLOOD PRESSURE: •Adults should have their blood pressure checked at least every two years. JNC VII
GUIDELINES
STRATEGIES TO HELP PREVENT HEART DISEASE
Source:www.mayoclinic.com/health/heart-disease prevention/WO00041
Cholesterol levels: Adults should have their cholesterol measured at least once every five years starting at age 20.
STRATEGIES TO HELP PREVENT HEART DISEASE
Source:www.mayoclinic.com/health/heart-disease prevention/WO00041
Diabetes screening. Since diabetes is a risk factor for developing heart disease,
Screening be may done some times between ages 30 and 45, and then retesting every three to five years.
DIAGNOSIS OF HEART DISEASES
Electro-cardiogram
measures
elec
tric
al
impulses
DIAGNOSIS OF HEART DISEASES
CoronaryAngiography
spec
ific
shows
coro
narie
s
Narrowing in
Sites of
Many people are able to manage heart diseases with lifestyle changes and medications.
TREATMENT OF HEART DISEASE
Other people with severe coronary artery disease may need angioplasty or surgery.
ANGIOPLASTY
BY PASS SURGERY
TO TAKE CARE OF YOUR HEART IS SO IMPORTANT
You have learnt to take care of yourself but the story never
ends
ANY QUESTIONS