Cardiovascular system

Fully Formed by the 4th Week of embryonic development

Location of the Heart

Pericardium

Chambers

Heart diagrams

Chordae Tendineae-cord-like tendons that connect the papillary muscles to the

tricuspid valve and the mitral valve in the heart.

Great Vessels

Pathway of Blood

Circuits

Valves

Cardiac Conduction System

EKG

Blood Vessels

Blood Pressure

Atherosclerosis

Bacterial Endocarditis

Patent Ductus Arteriosus

CHF

Cor Pulmonale

Varicose VeinsWhen you walk and your leg muscles squeeze, the venous pump works well. But when you sit or stand, especially for a long time, the blood in your leg veins can pool and the pressure in your veins can increase. Deep veins and perforating veins are usually able to withstand short periods of increased pressures. However, if you are a susceptible individual, your veins can stretch if you repeatedly sit or stand for a long time. This stretching can sometimes weaken the walls of your veins and damage your vein valves. Varicose veins may result

Varicose Veins

Aortic Aneurysm

Aortic Thrombus

Stroke (CVA)

Raynaud’s Disease

Esophageal VaricesEsophageal varices occur most often in people with serious liver diseases. Esophageal varices develop when normal blood flow to your liver is slowed. The blood then backs up into nearby smaller blood vessels, such as those in your esophagus, causing the vessels to swell. Sometimes, esophageal varices can rupture, causing life-threatening bleeding

Esophageal Varices

Tetralogy of Fallottralogy of Fallot is rare, but it is the most common form of cyanotic congenital heart disease. Patients with tetraology of Fallot are more likely to also have other congenital defects.The cause of most congenital heart defects is unknown. Many factors seem to be involved.Factors that increase the risk for this condition during pregnancy include:

Alcoholism in the motherDiabetesMother who is over 40 years oldPoor nutrition during pregnancyRubella or other viral illnesses during pregnancy

Children with tetralogy of Fallot are more likely to have chromosome disorders, such as Down syndrome and DiGeorge syndrome (a condition that causes heart defects, low calcium levels, and poor immune function).SymptomsBlue color to the skin (cyanosis), which gets worse when the baby is upsetClubbing of fingers (skin or bone enlargement around the fingernails) Difficulty feeding (poor feeding habits)Failure to gain weightPassing outPoor developmentSquatting during episodes of cyanosis

Tetralogy of Fallot