CAST AND BRACES

CAST

Is a temporary immobilization device which is made up of gypsum sulfate anhydrous by calcification when mixed with water swells and forms into a hard cement.

FUNCTION

• To immobilize• To prevent or correct deformity• To support, maintain and protect realigned bone• To promote healing and early weight bearing

TYPES OF CAST

PRINCIPLES IN APPLYING CAST

1. Provide for maximal comfort and alleviation of complications.

a.Application of padding is the first step in the procedure.

2. Maintain desired position throughout cast application.

3. Use caution in handling of the cast until it has set or become hardened.

a. It can be applied as a combination, like stockinette and wadding sheet.

b. Apply it to include the joint above and joint below the injured part.

c. Apply it in circular motion and mould it as you do the procedure by the palmar

hypothenar.d. Support with the palm.

CONTRAINDICATION OF CAST

1. Pregnancy

2. Skin Disease

3. Swelling/Edema

4. Infection

UPPER EXTREMITIES

SHORT ARM CIRCULAR CAST

• Affection of WRIST and FINGERS

SHORT ARM POSTERIOR MOLD

• Affection of the WRIST & FINGERS with open wound.

LONG ARM CIRCULAR CAST

• Affection of RADIUS - ULNA

LONG ARM POSTERIOR MOLD

• Affection of the RADIUS – ULNA with infection and open wound.

HANGING CAST

• Fracture of the shaft of the HUMERUS.

FUENSTER/MUENSTER CAST

• Fracture of the RADIUS – ULNA with callus formation.

FUNCTIONAL CAST

• Affection of the SHAFT of the HUMERUS with callus formation.

SHOULDER SPICA CAST

• Affection of the upper portion of the HUMERUS and SHOULDER JOINT.

AIRPLAINE CAST

• Affection of the upper portion of the HUMERUS and SHOULDER JOINTS with compound fracture.

LOWER EXTREMITIES

SHORT LEG CIRCULAR CAST

• Affection of the ANKLE and TOES.

SHORT LEG POSTERIOR MOLD

• Affection of the ANKLE and TOES with infection and open wounds.

LONG LEG CIRCULAR CAST

• Fracture of the TIBIA – FIBULA.

LONG LEG POSTERIOR MOLD

• Fracture of the TIBIA – FIBULA with infection and open wounds.

DELVIT CAST

• Affection of the TIBIA – FIBULA.

INTERNAL ROTATOR SPLINT

• Post HIP operation.

NIGHT SPLINT

• Post - Polio

BASKET CAST

• Massive bone injury of the PATELLA with open wound.

CAST BRACE

• Fracture of the femur with flexion and extension.

SINGLE HIP SPICA CAST

• Affection of the HIP and FEMUR.

1 ½ HIP SPICA POSTERIOR MOLD

• Affection of the HIP and FEMUR with open wound.

DOUBLE HIP SPICA MOLD

• Bilateral affection of the HIP and FEMUR with open wound.

PANTALON CAST

• Affection of the PELVIS.

FROG CAST

• Congenital Hip Dislocation.

CYLINDER CAST

• Fracture of PATELLA.

PATELLAR TENDON BEARING CAST

• Fx of the SHAFT of the TIBIA – FIBULA with callus formation.

WALKING CAST

• Affection of ankle and metatarsal with callus formation.

QUADRILATERAL/ISCHIAL BEARING CAST

• Affection of the SHAFT of the FEMUR with callus formation.

MINERVA CAST

• Affection of the CERVICAL SPINE.

RIZZER’S JACKET

• Scoliosis

BODY CAST

• Affection of the lower DORSOLUMBAR SPINE.

INSTRUMENT FOR CAST REMOVAL

• Cast Cutter• Cast Spreader• Trimming Knife• Bandage Scissors• Plaster Shears

BRACES

KNIGHT TAYLOR BRACE

• Upper thoracic spine.

FORESTER BRACE

• Cervico thoraco lumbar spine.

JEWETTE BRACE

• Lower thoracic spine.

CHAIR BACK BRACE

• Lumbosacral spine.

MILWAUKEE BRACE

• Scoliosis

BILATERAL LONG LEG BRACE

DENNIS BROWN SPLINT

• Congenital Clubfoot.

BANJO SPLINT

• Peripheral nerve injury.

SHANTZ COLLAR BRACE

• Cervical spine.