CBSE Class 09 Social Science NCERT Solutions (b) Orissa ...vatsalyavidisha.org/event/1588240630CLass...

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CBSEClass09SocialScience

NCERTSolutions

Chapter1Geography

INDIA–SizeAndLocation

Question1.Choosetherightanswerfromthefouralternativesgivenbelow.

(i)TheTropicofCancerdoesnotpassthrough

(a)Rajasthan

(b)Orissa

(c)Chhattisgarh

(d)Tripura

(ii)TheeasternmostlongitudeofIndiais

(a)97°25'E

(b)68°7'E

(c)77°6'E

(d)82°32'E

(iii)Uttarakhand,UttarPradesh,Bihar,WestBengalandSikkimhavecommon

frontierswith

(a)China

(b)Bhutan

(c)Nepal

(d)Myanmar

(iv)IfyouintendtovisitKavaratiduringyoursummervacations,whichoneofthe

followingUnionTerritoriesofIndiayouwillbegoingto

(a)Puducherry

(b)Lakshadweep

(c)AndamanandNicobar

(d)DiuandDaman

(v)MyfriendhailsfromacountrywhichdoesnotsharelandboundarywithIndia.

Identifythecountry.

(a)Bhutan

(b)Tajikistan

(c)Bangladesh

(d)Nepal

Answer:(i)(b)Orissa

(ii)(a)97°25′E

(iii)(c)Nepal

(iv)(b)Lakshadweep

(v)(b)Tajikistan

Question2.Answerthefollowingquestionsbriefly.

(i)NamethegroupofislandslyingintheArabiansea.

(ii)NamethecountrieswhicharelargerthanIndia.

(iii)WhichislandgroupofIndialiestoitssouth-east?

(iv)Whichislandcountriesareoursouthernneighbours?

Answer.(i)ThegroupofisalndlyingintheArabianseaisLakshadweep.

(ii)ThecountrieslargerthanIndiaareRussia,Canada,China,USA,BrazilandAustralia.

(iii)AndamanandNicobargroupofislandsliestothesouth-eastofIndia.

(iv)MaldivesandSriLankaareoursouthernneighbours.

Question3.ThesunrisestwohoursearlierinArunachalPradeshascomparedto

Gujaratinthewestbutthewatchesshowthesametime.Howdoesthishappen?

Answer.ThelongitudinalgapbetweenArunachalPradeshandGujaratisabout30°.Dueto

this,thereistimelagofabouttwohoursbetweenthesestates.SinceArunachalPradeshisin

theeasthencethesunrisesearlierhere;comparedtoinGujarat.StandardMeridianofIndia

(82030′E)passingthroughMirzapurinUttarPradeshistakenasthestandardtimeforthe

wholecountry.Becausethesamestandardtimeforthewholecountryhasbeenadopted,the

watchesshowthesametimeinArunachalPradeshandGujaratandinallpartsofthe

country.

Question4.ThecentrallocationofIndiaattheheadoftheIndianOceanisconsidered

ofgreatsignificance.Why?

Answer.ThecentrallocationofIndiaattheheadoftheIndianOceanisconsideredofgreat

significancebecause-

IthasgivenIndiaastrategicadvantageduetotheTransIndianoceanrouteswhich

connectthecountriesofEuropeintheWestandthecountriesofEastAsia.

ThishelpsIndiatoestablishclosecontactwithWestAsia,AfricaandEuropefromthe

WesterncoastandwiththeSoutheastandEastAsiafromtheEasterncoast.

ThevastcoastlineandthenaturalharbourshavebenefittedIndiaincarryingout

tradeandcommercewithitsneighbouringanddistantcountriessinceancienttimes.

IthasgivenIndiaadistinctclimatethantherestoftheAsianContinent.

NoothercountryhassuchalongcoastlineontheIndianOceanasIndia.ItisIndia’s

eminentpositionintheIndianOceanwhichhasgiventhenameofanOceanafterit.

ThetransIndianOceanrouteswhichconnectthecountriesofEuropeintheWestto

thecountriesofEastAsiaprovideastrategiccentrallocationtoIndia.

TheDeccanpeninsulaprotrudesintotheIndianOcean,thushelpingIndiatoestablish

closecontactwithWestAsia,AfricaandEuropefromtheWesterncoastandSouth-

EastandEastAsiafromtheEasterncoast.

Thus,India’seminentpositionintheIndianOceanJustifiesthenamingofanocean

afterit.

Question5.Identifythefollowingwiththehelpofmapreading.

(i)TheIslandgroupsofIndialyingintheArabianSeaandtheBayofBengal.

(ii)ThecountriesconstitutingIndianSubcontinent.

(iii)ThestatesthroughwhichtheTropicofCancerpasses.

(iv)Thenorthernmostlatitudeindegrees.

(v)ThesouthernmostlatitudeoftheIndianmainlandindegrees.

(vi)Theeasternandthewesternmostlongitudeindegrees.

(vii)Theplacesituatedonthethreeseas.

(viii)ThestraitseparatingSriLankafromIndia.

(ix)TheUnionTerritoriesofIndia.

Answer:(i)LakshadweepinthArabiansea,AndamanandNicobarintheBayofBengal.

(ii)CountrieswhichmaketheIndiansubcontinentarePakistaninthenorth-west,Indiaat

thecore,Nepalinthenorth,Bhutaninthenorth-eastandBangladeshintheeast.

(iii)TropicofCancerpassesthroughthestatesofGujarat,Rajasthan,MadhyaPradesh,

Chhattisgarh,Jharkhand,WestBengal,TripuraandMizoram.

(iv)37°6'N

(v)8°4'N

(vi)Westernlongitude-68°7'E,Easternlongitude-97°25'E

(vii)Kanyakumari

(viii)ThePalkStrait.

(ix)AndamanandNicobarIslands,Chandigarh,DadraandNagarHaveli,DamanandDiu,

Delhi,Lakshadweep,Puducherry(Pondicherry).

RevisionNotes

Chapter-1

Geography-INDIA—SIZEANDLOCATION

Indiaisanancientcivilisationbutnowitisadevelopingnation.Ithasshownremarkable

progressinvariousfields.

Location

IndialiesentirelyintheNorthernHemisphere.

India’smainlandextendsbetween latitudes,and

longitudes.

TheTropicofCancer dividesIndiaintotwoalmostequalparts.

TheislandgroupsofLakshadweepandAndman&NicobararealsopartofIndia.

Coveringanareaof3.28millionsquarekilometres,India’stotalareais2.4%ofthe

totalgeographicalareaoftheworld.

Indiaistheworld’sseventhlargestcountrywithalandboundaryofabout15,200km,

withtotallengthofthecoastlinebeing7,516.6km.

India’seast-westextentappearstobesmallerthanthenorth-southextent.

India'slatitudinalandlongitudinalextentisabout30degrees.

India'sstandardtimeisbasedon82.30degreesEmeridian,whichpassesnear

MirzapurinUP.

Latitudinalextentinfluencesdurationofthedayandnight.

IndiaandtheWorld

TheIndianlandmassiscentrallylocatedbetweenWestandEastAsia.

ThetransIndianoceanroutesconnectcountriesinthewestandcountiesintheeast.

India’sprotrudingDeccanPeninsulahelpedIndiatoestablishclosecontactswith

WestAsia,AfricaandEurope,South-eastandEastAsia.

India’scontactswiththeworldvialandroutesaremuchmorethanhermaritime

contacts.

Indiaistheonlynationwhichhasaoceannamedafterit.

Indiahascontributedalottotheworldinformsofideas,philosophies(Upanishads,

Ramayana,Panchtantra)andmathematics(Indiannumeralsanddecimalsystem).

Inexchange,India’sarchitecturewasinfluencedbyGreeksculptureandarchitectural

stylesfromWestAsia.

India’sNeighbours

IndiahasanimportantpositioninSouthAsiaandhas29Statesand7Union

Territories.

IndiasharesitsboundarieswithPakistan,Afghanistan,China,Nepal,Bangladesh,

MyanmarandBhutan.

Thesouthernneighboursacrosstheseaconsistofthetwoislandcountries,namely

MaldivesandSriLanka.

ShriLankaisseparatedfromIndiabyPakStrait,anarrowstripofsea.

Indiaalwayshaveandhadstronggeographicalandhistoricallinkswithher

neighbours.

IndiastandsapartfromtherestofAsia.

ImportantQuestions

GeographyChapter-1

India-SizeandLocation

3marksQuestions

1.NamethesouthernmostpointofIndia?Isitvisibletoday?

Ans.TheSouthernmostpointofIndiaisIndirapoint.

TheIndirapointissituatedintheGreatNicobargroupofIslandinAndamanNicobarisland

groups.

Itisnotvisibletodaybecauseitwassubmergedundertheseainthe2004Tsunami.

2.Whichismostimportantlatitudeofthecountry?Givereason.

Ans.Thetropicofcanceristhemostimportantlatitudeofthecountry.

Itissituatedat23½N.

Thetropicofcancerdividesthecountryintotwoequalparts.

Italsodividesthecountryintotwoclimaticzones.

3.WhichismostimportantLongitudeofthecountry?Givereason.

Ans.82°30’E,longitudeisthemostimportantlongitudeofourcountry.

Toavoidconfusionandchaosinallactivitiestobecausedbyhavingadifferentlocaltimefor

differentplaces.

ThecentralMeridian82°30’EistakenastheIndianStandardTime.

Itisacceptedalloverthecountryforuniformityoftime.

4.Whyisthedifferencebetweenthedurationofdayandnighthardlyfeltat

KanyakumaributnotsoinKashmir?

Ans.Kanyakumariissituatednearertoequatoranditliesinequatorialzone.

Inequatorialzonesthedurationofdayandnightarealmostequal.

Kashmirliesinthesubtropicalzone.Herethedurationofdayandnightisnotequal.

SothedurationofdayandnightismoreprominentinKashmirthaninKanyakumari.

5.WhycountriesoftheworldselectedtheirownStandardMeridians?

Ans.EverycountryhasaStandardTimetoavoidconfusionoftime.

ItistimeofitsCentralorStandardMeridian.

EachMeridianhasitsownlocaltimewhichisthesuntimeorlocaltimeofthatparticular

place.

Toavoidconfusionandchaosinallactivitiestobecausedbyhavingadifferentlocaltimefor

differentplacesthecentralmeridianisselectedasStandardTime.

SomeCountrieswhosesizeisverylargetheyhavetheirdifferenttimezones.

6.TwofeaturesAandBaremarkedinthegivenpoliticalmapofIndia.Identifythese

featureswiththehelpofthefollowinginformationandwritetheircorrectnameson

thelinesmarkedonthemap.

i)SouthernmostPointofIndia

ii)SouthernmosttipofIndianmainland

Onthesamepoliticalmaplocateandlabelthefollowing

iii)Easternmostmeridian

7.Explainthemajorreasonforthetwohourtimedifferenceinthelocaltimebetween

ArunachalPradeshandGujarat?

Ans.Indiahaslongitudinalextentof30°.Duetothis,thereisatimelagoftwohoursbetween

thesunriseontheeasternmostandthewesternmosthorizonsofIndia.

Duetorotation,theearthtakes4minutestorotatethrough1°oflongitude.Thedifferencein

timeisonehourfor15°oflongitude.

Therefore,foralongitudinalextentof30°ofIndia,thereisatimelagoftwohours.

Whenitis6a.m.inArunachalPradesh,itisstill4a.m.inGujaratandJaisalmer.

8.Althoughthelatitudinalandlongitudinalextentofthemainlandisabout30°theeast

westextentappearstobesmallerthanthenorthsouthextent.Why?

Ans.Theeastwestextentappearstobesmallerthannorthsouthextentdespitethefactthat

thelatitudinalandlongitudinalextentofthemainlandisabout30°.

Itisbecausethedistancebetweenthelongitudesreducesaswemovetowardsthepolesfrom

theequatorandeastwestextentislessinkilometers.

AsIndialiesonthetropicofcancersoincomparisonwithequatorthedistancebetweenthe

longitudesislessthanthatontheequator.

9.WhatissizeofIndia?Whatisitsrankwithrespecttotheworldintermsofsize?

Ans.ThelandmassofIndiahasanareaof3.28millionsquarekm.

India’stotalareaaccountsfor2.4percentofthetotalgeographicalareaoftheworld.

Indiaistheseventhlargestcountryoftheworld.

10.WhyisIndiacalledaSubcontinent?

Ans.Indiaiscalledasubcontinentbecauseitisabiglandmass.

Thisstandsoutasadistinctgeographicalunitfromtherestofthecontinent.

Itisseparatedbynaturalfeatureslikemountainsandrivers.

IndiaisalsoseparatedfromrestofthecontinentbythemightyHimalayas.

11.HowcanyousaythatIndiahadcloselinkswithotherpartsoftheworldinancient

times?

Ans.Thevariouspassesacrossthemountainsinthenorthhaveprovidedpassagestothe

ancienttravelers.

Theserouteshavecontributedintheexchangeofideasandcommoditiessinceancienttimes.

TheideaofUpanishadsandRamayana,thestoriesofPanchtantra,theIndiannumeraland

thedecimalsystemthuscouldreachpartsoftheworld.

i)AnislandlyingintheArabiansea

ii)AnislandlyingintheBayofBengal

OnthesamepoliticalmaplocateandlabelthefollowingstateofIndia

iii)Telangana

13.Statethereasonfortimelagbetweensunrisesontheeasternmostandthe

westernmosthorizonsofIndia.

Ans.Indiahaslongitudinalextentof30°.Duetothis,thereisatimelagoftwohoursbetween

thesunriseontheeasternmostandthewesternmosthorizonsofIndia.

Duetorotation,theearthtakes4minutestorotatethrough1°oflongitude.Thedifferencein

timeisonehourfor15°oflongitude.

Therefore,foralongitudinalextentof30°ofIndia,thereisatimelagoftwohours

Whenitis6a.m.inArunachalPradesh,itisstill4a.m.inGujaratandJaisalmer.

14.ListsixcountriesoftheworldbiggerthanIndia.

Ans.Russia,Canada,China,UnitedStatesofAmerica,Australia,Brazil,India

15.ExplainwhyAhmadabadandKolkataareabletoseethenoonsunexactlyoverhead

inayearbutnotDelhi.

Ans.ThesetwocitiesliewithintheTropicofcancer.

Thetropicofcanceristhecircleoflatitudeontheearththatmarkstheapparentpositionof

thesunatthetimeofthenorthernsolstice.

Itisalsothefarthestnorthlatitudeatwhichthesuncanbedirectlyoverhead.

SoinDelhithesunisneverdirectlyoverhead.

16.WriteashortnoteonthelocationofIndia?

Ans.ThelandmassofIndiahasanareaof3.28millionsq.km.

Indiahasalandboundaryofabout15200kmandlengthofcoastlineincludingislandis

7516.6km.

Indiaisseventhlargestcountryoftheworld.

17.WriteashortnoteonthelocationofIndia?

Ans.Indiaisavastcountrywhichliesinthenorthernhemisphere.

Themainlandextendsbetweenlatitudes8°4’and37°6’NandLongitude68°7’Eand97°25’E.

Tropicofcancer23°30’Ndividesthecountryintotwoparts.

i)ThestraitseparatingSriLankafromIndia

ii)NorthernmostState

Onthesamepoliticalmaplocateandlabeltheneighboringcountry

iii)Nepal

19.ExplainthetwotypesofstatesfoundinIndiabefore1947.

Ans.Before1947thereweretwotypesofstatesinIndia-theprovincesandtheprincely

states.

ProvincesarerulesdirectlybyBritishofficialswhowereappointedbytheViceroy.

Princelystateswereruledbylocalhereditaryrulers,whoacknowledgedsovereigntyin

returnforthelocalautonomy.

20.Indiaistheoneoftheancientcivilizationoftheworld.Explain.

Ans.Yes,Indiaistheoneofancientcivilizationintheworld.

TheideaofUpanishadsandRamayana,thestoriesofPanchtantra.

TheideaoftheIndiannumeralandthedecimalsystemthuscouldreachpartsoftheworld.

India’scontactswiththeworldhavecontinuedthroughtheagesbutherrelationships

throughthelandroutesaremucholderthanthemaritimecontacts.

21.NametheIndianstateswhicharesituatedontheeasterncoastofIndia.

Ans.WestBengal,Odisha,Telangana,AndhraPradeshandTamilNadu.

22.NametheIndianstateswhicharesituatedonthewesterncoastofIndia.

Ans.Kerala,Karnataka,GoaandMaharashtra

23.NamethesevensisterstatesofIndia.

Ans.Assam,Meghalaya,Tripura,NagalandManipur,Mizoram,ArunachalPradesh

i)Aplacesituatedonthreeseas

ii)TheimaginarylinewhichdivideIndiaintotwoequalpartsOnthesamepolitical

maplocateandlabelthefollowing

iii)IndianstandardMeridian

25.Whyis82°30’EtakenastheIndianStandardTime?

Ans.Theearthrotatesonitsaxisin24hours.

Inthistimeitcovers360°.

Eachdegreeoflongitudecovers4minutes.

ThecentralMeridian82°30’E.Whenmultipliedby4minutesitcomesto330minutesor5

hoursand30minutes.

SoIST=GMT+51/2hours.GreenwichMeanTimerefersto0°longitudes.

26.ThecentrallocationofIndiaattheheadoftheIndianoceanisconsideredofgreat

significance.Why.

Ans.TheIndianlandmasshasacentrallocationbetweentheEastandtheWestAsia.

IndiaisasouthwardextensionoftheAsianContinent.TheTransIndianOceanrouteswhich

connectthecountriesofEuropeinthewestandthecountriesofEastAsiaprovideastrategic

centrallocationtoIndia.TheDeccanPeninsulaprotrudesintotheIndianOceanthushelping

IndiaestablishclosecontactwithWestAsia,AfricaandEuropefromthewesterncoastand

withsoutheastandeastAsiafromtheeasterncoast.

27.InwhichhemispheredoesIndialiewithreferencetothePrimemeridian?Mention

thevalueofthestandardMeridianofIndia.

Ans.IndialiesintheeasternhemispherewithreferencetothePrimemeridian.

IndialiesintheeastofthePrimeMeridian,between68°7’Eand97°25’E.

Indiahasaccepted82°30’ElongitudeastheStandardMeridianofIndia.

28.ExplainwhyAhmadabadandKolkataareabletoseethenoonsunexactlyoverhead

inayearbutnotDelhi.

Ans.ThesetwocitiesliewithintheTropicofcancer.

Thetropicofcanceristhecircleoflatitudeontheearththatmarkstheapparentpositionoft

hesunatthetimeofthenorthernsolstice.Itisalsothefarthestnorthlatitudeatwhichthe

suncanbedirectlyoverhead.SoinDelhithesunisneverdirectlyoverhead.

29.ExplainthetwotypesofstatesfoundinIndiabefore1947.

Ans.Before1947thereweretwotypesofstatesinIndia-theprovincesandtheprincely

states.ProvincesarerulesdirectlybyBritishofficialswhowereappointedbytheViceroy.

Princelystateswereruledbylocalhereditaryrulers,whoacknowledgedsovereigntyin

returnforthelocalautonomy

i)TheareawisesmalleststateonthewestcoastofIndia

ii)NorthernmostlatitudeofIndia

Onthesamepoliticalmaplocateandlabelthefollowing

iii)TheareawiselargeststateofIndia

CBSE Class 09 Social Science NCERT Solutions (b) Orissa ...vatsalyavidisha.org/event/1588240630CLass...

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