Central Processing Unit (CPU)

By: Ujjwal Thalang LimbuRoll no. 26 1st sem

Introduction CPU known as a processor is the

brain of the computer, process data (input) and converts it into meaningful information (output).

The Central Processing Unit

The control unit is a component of a computer's central processing unit (CPU) which directs operation of the processor.

It controls communication and co-ordination between input/output devices.

It reads and interprets instructions and determines the sequence for processing the data.

Control Unit (CU)

Machine Cycle

5

FETCHING

EXECUTING

STORING DECODING

Processor

Control Unit

MEMORY

ALU

How it works ?

Step 1. Fetch Calls an instruction into memory. User want to calculate 2 +2

Step 2. Decode Translate instruction into commands (to binary form)

Ex: 1110000

Step 4. Store Write result to memory

Step 3. Execute

Does the decoded instructionAdd 2+2

Arithmetic and logical unitThe ALU is what performs all mathematical operations inside the CPU.

Arithmetic Operations

AdditionSubtractionMultiplicatio

nDivision

Logical Operations

Evaluates conditions Makes comparisons Can compare

• Numbers• Letters• Special characters

Registers Special-purpose, high speed temporary

memory Holds information that CPU is currently

working on

Program Counter Instruction Register Memory Buffer Register Accumulator Data Register Memory Address Register

Register name

SYSTEM BUS A set of connection between two

or more components/devices.

• I would like to take this opportunity to thank our Sir Anil Kumar Yadav for giving such an interesting topic for my presentation which has enlightened my knowledge about Central Processing Unit (CPU).

Acknowledgement