Post on 24-May-2015
transcript
04/12/23
12.1 Explain the fundamental principles and moral values of American democracy as expressed in the U.S. Constitution and other essential documents of American democracy.
1
Independence and the Constitution
Chapter 2 section 3, 4 and 5
04/12/23
12.1 Explain the fundamental principles and moral values of American democracy as expressed in the U.S. Constitution and other essential documents of American democracy.
2
Topics
I. The State Governments
II. The Articles of Confederation
III. The Constitution
IV. Ratification
04/12/23
12.1 Explain the fundamental principles and moral values of American democracy as expressed in the U.S. Constitution and other essential documents of American democracy.
3
I. The State governments
A. A common experience
B. What did they fear?
04/12/23
12.1 Explain the fundamental principles and moral values of American democracy as expressed in the U.S. Constitution and other essential documents of American democracy.
4
A. common experience
• State governments used:– Constitutions- social contracts– Popular Sovereignty– Limited the power of government.– 7 states had a bill of Rights– All had separation of power
04/12/23
12.1 Explain the fundamental principles and moral values of American democracy as expressed in the U.S. Constitution and other essential documents of American democracy.
5
B. What did they fear?
• A strong central government.– States just achieved independence.– Do they want to give it up to a central
government?– Think moving in with your Grandparents!!
04/12/23
12.1 Explain the fundamental principles and moral values of American democracy as expressed in the U.S. Constitution and other essential documents of American democracy.
6
II. The Articles of Confederation
A. Definition
B. A brief description
C. Its weaknesses
D. Shay’s Rebellion.
04/12/23
12.1 Explain the fundamental principles and moral values of American democracy as expressed in the U.S. Constitution and other essential documents of American democracy.
7
A. Definition
It was the first attempt the American colonists made at creating their own government
04/12/23
12.1 Explain the fundamental principles and moral values of American democracy as expressed in the U.S. Constitution and other essential documents of American democracy.
8
B. A brief description
• It was a confederation.• Weak central government.• Strong state government.
• Legislature had most of power.• Unicameral.• No executive or judicial branch.
• Difficult to make change.• 9 states needed to approve laws.• 13 to amend.
04/12/23
12.1 Explain the fundamental principles and moral values of American democracy as expressed in the U.S. Constitution and other essential documents of American democracy.
9
C. Its weaknesses
• Powerless to regulate foreign and interstate trade.
• No executive to enforce the law.
• No Power to Tax.
• 9 to approve, 13 to amend.
• No national court system– How are disputes settled?
04/12/23
12.1 Explain the fundamental principles and moral values of American democracy as expressed in the U.S. Constitution and other essential documents of American democracy.
10
D. Shay’s Rebellion
• Economic conditions were worsening.– States had trade wars.– Had there own currency.
• Many farmers were losing there farms.– Daniel Shay led a rebellion against the
government.– The central government had no troops to
respond.
04/12/23
12.1 Explain the fundamental principles and moral values of American democracy as expressed in the U.S. Constitution and other essential documents of American democracy.
11
III. The Constitution
A. The Framers?
B. The Virginia Plan
C. The New Jersey Plan
D. The Connecticut Compromise
E. Other Compromises
04/12/23
12.1 Explain the fundamental principles and moral values of American democracy as expressed in the U.S. Constitution and other essential documents of American democracy.
12
A. The Framers
• 55 delegates from 12 states, No R.I.
• A long hot summer.
• Met in secrecy
• The role of Madison (Not Jefferson).
• “Never before or since, has so remarkable a group been brought together in this country.”
04/12/23
12.1 Explain the fundamental principles and moral values of American democracy as expressed in the U.S. Constitution and other essential documents of American democracy.
13
B. The Virginia Plan
• Proposed by James Madison
• Proposed 3 branches of government.
• Executive and Judiciary selected by the Legislative branch.
• A two house legislature (Bicameral) that had proportional representation.– Plan favored larger states.
04/12/23
12.1 Explain the fundamental principles and moral values of American democracy as expressed in the U.S. Constitution and other essential documents of American democracy.
14
C. The New Jersey Plan
• It had no president, but an executive committee.
• Single house legislature (Unicameral) with with equal representation.– Favored smaller states.
04/12/23
12.1 Explain the fundamental principles and moral values of American democracy as expressed in the U.S. Constitution and other essential documents of American democracy.
15
D. The Connecticut Compromise
• The Great Compromise
• Two houses– The Senate
• Equal representation• Two seats per state
– The House.• Proportional Representation.
04/12/23
12.1 Explain the fundamental principles and moral values of American democracy as expressed in the U.S. Constitution and other essential documents of American democracy.
16
E. Other Compromises
• The 3/5 Compromise– Issue: Slavery-taxation and representation– Postpones slave debate
• The Electoral College– Issue:Who elects the President.
• Federalism– State power vs. national government
04/12/23
12.1 Explain the fundamental principles and moral values of American democracy as expressed in the U.S. Constitution and other essential documents of American democracy.
17
IV. The Fight for ratification
A. The Federalists
B. The Anti-Federalists
C. Ratification
04/12/23
12.1 Explain the fundamental principles and moral values of American democracy as expressed in the U.S. Constitution and other essential documents of American democracy.
18
A. The Federalists
• John Jay, Alexander Hamilton and James Madison.
• Supported a strong central government.
• The Federalist Papers
04/12/23
12.1 Explain the fundamental principles and moral values of American democracy as expressed in the U.S. Constitution and other essential documents of American democracy.
19
B. The Anti Federalists
• Patrick Henry, Samuel Adams and George Mason.
• Wanted stronger state governments..– More responsive to the people.
• Constitution lacked a Bill Of Rights.
04/12/23
12.1 Explain the fundamental principles and moral values of American democracy as expressed in the U.S. Constitution and other essential documents of American democracy.
20
C. Ratification
• 9 states required to ratify.– By June 1789 9 states did.– But not Virginia and New York.
• Virginia and New York were needed.
04/12/23
12.1 Explain the fundamental principles and moral values of American democracy as expressed in the U.S. Constitution and other essential documents of American democracy.
21
Terms.
• Ratify• Bill of Rights• Legislative Branch• Executive Branch• Judicial Branch• Unicameral• Bicameral
• Articles of Confederation
• Shay’s Rebellion• Great Compromise• 3/5 compromise