Ch 4.1 Where do folk and popular cultures originate and diffuse? Culture: A group’s entire...

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Ch 4.1 Where do folk and popular cultures originate and diffuse?

• Culture: A group’s entire collection of social customs, artifacts, values, etc.

• Material Culture: the physical objects produced by a culture in order to meet its group’s material needs: food, clothing, shelter, arts, and recreation.

• Custom: repetitive act of a group: so that it becomes characteristic of the “group” (food, clothing, shelter, arts, recreation/leisure, housing, sports, festivals, music, medicine)

• Habit: repetitive act or characteristic of an individual

• Culture • Is learned, not biological• Passed down from one generation to the next through

traditions and imitation• Provides a framework of social norms/rules for

individuals in the society to live by• Dynamic – culture is always changing• Cultural regions (political, religious, etc.)• Cultural realms (groups of regions that share common

cultural complexes and landscapes)

• Cultural realms

• Two aspects geographers are interested in regarding culture

• A group’s entire collection of social customs, artifacts, values, etc.

• Need to add second point (see intro of CH 4)

• Folk Music• Derived from daily life events (life-cycle)• Anonymous composer• Passed down as oral tradition• Familiar to most everyone in the group• Tells a story• Unique instruments• Examples: Vietnamese folk songs about farming,

nursery rhymes…

• Popular Music• Product of MDCs• Written by individuals to be sold for $$$• High degree of technical skill• Originated from Vaudeville

(Tin Pan Alley in NYC ca. 1900)• Diffusion of popular music started after WWII for

soldiers fighting over seas (expansion diffusion)

• Hip Hop • began as folk• began in S. Bronx in the late

1970s by low-income, black and Puerto Ricans, adopted by local rappers in Queens, Brooklyn and Harlem

• Became popular and diffused to other large cities like Oakland and Atlanta

• Amish• Migrated from

Switzerland in 1600s• Live in isolated rural

communities in Pennsylvania

• Have retained their traditions (limited use of high tech conveniences)

• Soccer• Originated in England in 1600s• Became recreation activity for factory workers in 1800s• More people played it when people had more time for

play• 1863- standardized rules

marks the transition from folk to popular culture

• Now it’s a global phenomenon

• Characteristics of Popular Sports• Spectators will pay to watch!

• Folk become Popular Sports

• What about these Sports?

• Origin of FOLK CULTURE • Anonymous origin• Isolation (lack of interaction with other groups) causes it to

be unique• Provides an identity to a particular (homogeneous) group• Derived from and influenced by the environment• Diffusion of FOLK CULTURE • Diffusions slowly, usually through migration from a

hearth – particular location (relocation diffusion)• Clustered communities (varies from place to place)

• Origin of POPULAR CULTURE • Known origin• Large heterogeneous society that share certain habits

despite differences in personal characteristics• DOES NOT provide identity to a particular group• Tends to modify and threaten folk culture & environment• Diffusion of POPULAR CULTURE • Diffusions rapidly, both relocation and expansion,

helped by global connections via internet & technology• Trends & fads -varies from time to time, like “80s” style

Ch 4.1 Where do folk and popular cultures originate and diffuse? Culture: A group’s entire...

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