Post on 25-Jun-2015
transcript
CHAPTER 13
Section 1: Origins of the Industrial Revolution
Section 2: The Factory System
Section 3: New Methods and Business Organizations
Section 4: Living and Working Conditions
Section 5: Socialism
The Industrial Revolution
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Ch 13.5 Bell Ringer:What are some examples of ideas that arose out of Marxism? (create a bubble map)
Socialism
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Socialism
The increasing wealth of the nation has little or no tendency to better the conditions of the labouring poor.” Thomas Malthus 1798 Essay on Population
As the Industrial Revolution progressed, a growing number of people became concerned with the economic and social injustice. Many believed that the interests of employers naturally conflicted with those of workers.
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Socialism
With the Industrial Revolution, a FEW people became enormously rich – MOST remained poor … including the workers.
Before the industrial revolution of the late-eighteenth century, living standards had advanced little since the invention of agriculture.
Distribution of Wealth
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Socialism
…things used by human laborers to create products
Means of Production?
Reformers argued that the only way to distribute wealth more evenly was to change the ownership and operation of the means of production.
So … who should control this stuff if not the owners?
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Socialism
Socialism• A political and economic system• Gov’ts own the means of production• Operate them for the benefit of ALL people – rich
or poor• Does away with the profit motive and competition• EVERYONE - not just the owners – had a right to
share in the profits!
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Socialism
Utopian Socialists• Small cooperative
settlements• Everyone would work for the
common good• Together they would own the
means of production and share the products
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SocialismRobert Owen – most influential utopian socialist
…believed that people who lived in a good environment would stop acting selfishly.
Built homes, schools, made inexpensive food & clothing available, encouraged unions
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SocialismMarx and Engels
Believed entire capitalist system should be destroyed
Published The Communist Manifesto 1848
Marx Engels
owners = “bourgeoisie” workers = “proletariat”
Argued all wealth is created by labor but that the workers only receive a small fraction of the wealth it creates – most of it goes to the owners!
This will continue until the proletariat unite and seize power!
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Socialism
Dictatorship of the proletariat
Pure communism
“From each according to his abilities, to each according to his needs.”
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Socialism
Political parties that influenced by Marx & Engels …
Communism = authoritarian socialismGovernments own the means of production and control ALLeconomic planning
Democratic socialismelect socialist representativesPeople would retain partial control through election of officials…may own private property but gov’t owns at least some of the means of production
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SocialismMarx believed that workers had to unite to fight capitalism.
International Working Men’s AssociationSecond International
International Workers' Association (IWA)
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Socialism
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Socialism
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Socialism
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Socialism
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Socialism
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Socialism
Any Questions? QUIZ TIME!
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Socialism
peaceful takeover of means of production to benefit all
people
democratic socialism
communism
capitalism abolishedIdeas that
arose out of Marxism
owners paid for their property
governments own means of production and control all
economic planning
government
workers’ revolt
educated people
have partial control of economic planning
elect socialist representatives