Post on 11-Jan-2016
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Challenges and Opportunitiesin
Plastic Recycle
Content• Understand Plastic Identification Code• Some opportunities and challenge• Recycle Plastic Requirement• CSR Model
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PLASTIC IDENTIFICATION CODE
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• Resin Identification Coding System is a set of symbols placed on plastics to identify the polymer type.
• It was developed by the Society of the Plastics Industry (SPI) in 1988.
• Primary purpose of the codes is to allow efficient separation of different polymer types for recycling.
• The symbols used in the code consist of arrows that cycle clockwise to form a rounded triangle and enclosing a number, often with an acronym representing the plastic below the triangle.
• When the number is omitted, the symbol is known as the universal Recycling Symbol, indicating generic recyclable materials. In this case, other text and labels are used to indicate the material(s) used.
• The number not indicate how hard the item is to recycle, nor how often the plastic was recycled. It is an arbitrary number and has no other meaning aside from identifying the specific plastic.
Resin Identification Code Coding System
Source:• Wikipedia
• SPI (Society of Plastic Industry), www.plasticindustry.org
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Beverage bottles; baby milk bottles; electronic casing.
Dependent on polymers or combination of polymers
Other (often polycarbonate or ABS)
Egg cartons; packing peanuts; disposable cups, plates, trays and cutlery; disposable take-away containers;
Versatility, clarity, easily formed
Polystyrene (PS)
Reusable microwaveable ware; kitchenware; yogurt containers; margarine tubs; microwaveable disposable take-away containers; disposable cups and plates.
Strength, toughness, resistance to heat, chemicals, grease and oil, versatile, barrier to moisture.
Polypropylene (PP)
Frozen food bags; squeezable bottles, e.g. honey, mustard; cling films; flexible container lids.
Ease of processing, strength, toughness, flexibility, ease of sealing, barrier to moisture.
Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE)
Juice bottles; cling films; PVC pipingVersatility, clarity, ease of blending, strength, toughness.
Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
Water pipes, Hula-Hoop (children's game) rings, Milk, juice and water bottles; the occasional shampoo / toiletry bottle
Stiffness, strength, toughness, resistance to moisture, permeability to gas.
High Density Polyethylene (HDPE)
Soft drink, water and salad dressing bottles; peanut butter and jam jars
Clarity, strength, toughness, barrier to gas and moisture.
Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET, PETE)
Common Packaging ApplicationsPropertiesType of plastic polymerPlastic
Identification Code
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Recycle Plastic
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PET BOTTLE & POLYESTER
• Most synthetic fibers (approximately 70%) are made from polyester, and the polyester most often used in textiles is polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
• The majority of the world’s PET production – about 60% – is used to make fibers for textiles; about 30% is used to make bottles.
• It’s estimated that it takes about 104 million barrels of oil for PET production each year – that’s 70 million barrels just to produce the virgin polyester used in fabrics.
• The reason recycled polyester (often written rPET) is considered a green option in textiles today is twofold, and the argument goes like this:
– Saving energy (33% to 53% less energy than produce from virgin)– Estimate at 54.6% fewer CO2 emissions – Keeping bottles and other plastics out of the landfills.
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Fun Facts About PET
• First PET bottle was recycled in 1977
• FACTS about PET:– Recycling 1 ton of PET bottles saves
7.4 cubic yards of landfill space– It takes 5 recycled two-liter PET
bottles to make one square foot of carpet.
– PET bottles and containers are actually a form of polyester, which is why it is so easy to recycle bottles into T-shirts, sweaters and socks.
– It takes 35 two-liter recycled PET bottles to make the soft filling inside a sleeping bag, called “fiberfill.”
– Plastic makes up 8% of our trash by weight, but is 24% of the volume
Source:• EASTMAN• NAPCOR (National Association for PET Container Resources), www.napcor.com/PET/funfacts.html
21 Apr 20239
Recyclingmeans …..
What is required for “Bottle to Bottle”
Steps for BTB
Baled Bottle
FlakeCollection/
SortingGrindingWas
hing
VACUREMABTB
PelletFlake
Super Cleaning Process
Involved parties….
• Collection company
• Recycler
• Preform producer
• Beverage Industry
• Government – Institutes….
• Consumer
Target for the “BTB” Recycling
• No differences for the consumer
– Performance of the bottle
• Colour, black spots, taste …..
• No risk for the consumer and the industry
• No differences for the preform production
• Economic sense
Parameters for end product
Physical parameters
• IV, AA, Colour, pellet, filtration, ....
• Normally not tasted/approved by the government
Chemical Cleaness - Decontamination
• Normally done only with Challenge and Migration test
• Depends only on the cleaning effect of the system
Required from preform producer
• IV increase - depending on beverage
– Normally yes because in the long term “closed loop” can`t work
• Melt filtration
– Normally yes, because of black spots request, metal, glas, silicon
issue..
• Pellet
– Normally yes, otherwise invest for prefrom producer requested
Request for Chemical Cleanness
• Absolute no risk for consumer – no taste
change….
• “Super cleaning process” has to show the
decontamination by a Challenge Test
• The migration has to be inside the legislation
CSR MODEL
1 Februari 1993:AQUA launched PEDULI Program
PEDULI =
PEngembangan Daur Ulang LImbah
= waste recycling development
AQUA bottles Recycling
Recycling PET Study in Bandung, ITB, 2008• 600 ml• Cups• Mizone
Key Findings
• PET, PP: 85-99% recycled• Scavengers poor social condition
• Social Study on 60 scavengers
Empower Scavengers and prepare sustainable RPET sourcing
• Objective: support innovative social business to– Create value on PP caps– Empower scavengers (water access, health, education…)– Sustain PET flakes Supply (quality, quantity)
• Plan: revitalize AQUA PEDULI initiative through 4 parties partnerships
Waste management bill (Act no 18/2008) - Article #15 The producer oblige to manage the packaging of their product and/or their product which are unable or difficult to be decompose. Packaging management means drawing back packaging for the purpose of recycle or reuse
AQUA SUPPLIER
SCAVENGERSCOMMUNITIES NGO
REMINDER
• 1st pilot unit in Bandung (Q4 09)
• 5 to 10 units in 2010-2011
• Danone Eco Fund for investment
AQUA PEDULI: scavenger cooperative
Market, Home
industry
Consumer
AQUA PEDULI Unit
SUPPLIER
Bottles
Flakes
rPP finished productNGO
Capacity Building
SCAVENGERS
AQUA PEDULI Unit Model
SOCIALENTERPRISE
PET, PP VALORIZATION
SCAVENGERS
COOPERATIVE
WATER ACCESS
EDUCATION& HEALTH
CAPITAL ACCESS
PET, PP, ??
CAPITAL
BENEFIT
SOCIAL BENEFIT
SAVINGACCOUNT
PET Flakes
rPP Finished products
Administration
Market
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