Chapter 14Andrew Jackson

and the Growth of American

Democracy

C14.2 The Inauguration of Andrew Jackson

Inauguration Facts over 10,000 attended came from 500 miles partied in & out of

White House nearly a riot

Jackson brought change

new people voting common white men

could vote Jackson promised to

get rich out of govt. return govt. to the

people

C14.3 From the Frontier to the White HouseJackson’s Early Years

born SC frontier 1767

grew up poor hot temper 13, captured by

British during Revolution

became lawyer moved to TN bought land & slaves killed man in duel

Becoming President served in House & Senate General during War of

1812 1824 – won popular &

electoral votes, but not majority

House chose John Q. Adams

helped start Democratic Party (poor, farmers, working class)

1828 – won presidency

C14.4 Jackson’s Approach to GoverningKitchen Cabinet

informal group of Jackson’s friends

gave Jackson advice met in White House

kitchen

Spoils System Jackson’s practice

of rewarding political supporters

gave them govt. jobs

he replaced 10% of civil servants

C14.5 The Nullification CrisisTariffs taxes on imports

encourage growth of manufacturing in U.S.

causes higher prices for imports

people encouraged to buy American

favored by North had factories sold American

goods

South opposed tariffs tariffs raised prices

of foreign goods (imports)

tariffs discouraged trade

hurt cotton sales believed tariffs

favored the North

Problems in South Carolina SC decided to nullify

tariff laws SC threatened to

secede (leave the U.S.) if tariff laws enforced

Congress lowered tariffs

S.C. backed down

C14.6 Jackson Battles the Bank of the United StatesJackson’s Concerns believed bank benefited

rich Eastern investors bank in way of West’s

development distrusted bank’s

president

Bank’s Charter would expire 1836 Congress renewed it 1832 Jackson vetoed renewal bank would end in 4 years commoners happy Jackson re-elected for

second term Jackson killed bank early

by removing federal deposits

put money in state banks (“pet banks”)

C14.7 Jackson’s Indian PolicyApproaches tried by Indians treaties with U.S. to

share land some sold land, moved some fought settlers,

U.S. Army some adopted white

ways Cherokee took matter

to Supreme Court won case Jackson ignored court

Indian Removal Act, 1830

Allowed Pres. to make treaties with Indians

Indians must trade their lands for land west of Mississippi

not supposed to be removed by force

Jackson sent army to remove them

Trail of Tears Journey of 17,000 Cherokee to Indian Territory

Forced to go by U.S. Army

4,000 died of cold, hunger, diseases

Seminoles fought U.S. Army in

Florida, 10 years some taken to Indian

Territory others hid in swamps,

stayed in Florida