Chapter 15.1

Feeding the World

Get ready!

By 2050, the world’s farmers will need to feed about 9 Billion people.

That is 50% more than we were feeding in 2008 when your book was published! ;)

Famine

“widespread starvation caused by a shortage of food.”

Ex - Ethiopia

Nutrition

• The amount of energy available in food is known as CALORIES.

Major nutrients in foodCARBS – 4 CAL/GLIPIDS – 9 CAL/G

PROTEIN – 4 CAL/G

Malnutrition

“ condition that occurs when people do not consume enough calories or do not eat a sufficient variety of food to fulfill all of the body’s needs.”

Some parts of the world do not have access to all types of food.

Page 408

• Look at figure 1 at the top of the page.

• What source of food is produced in the greatest amounts?

• In general, how do the diets of people in developed countries compare with diets of people in developing countries?

Food Efficiency

“ measure of the quantity of food produced on a given area of land with limited inputs of energy and resources”

Ideally – a crop that is efficiently producing large amounts of food with little negative impact on the environment.Ex – glasswort, seaweed

Poverty and Subsistence FarmingThe world’s hungry is nearly all farm workers and SUBSISTENCE farmers.

Most of world’s hungry live in Africa, Asia, and mountains of South America.

SUBSISTENCE FARMERS:Farmers who grow only enough food for local use.

Have tiny plots that they grow food for their families and hope to sell extras.

But have no access to water for irrigation.

Green Revolution

New varieties of foods that yield higher productions without increasing the area of land.

Reduces the price of food and improved the lives of million of people.

Green Revolution

• http://video.search.yahoo.com/video/play;_ylt=A2KLqIHgCGJU.BwAPdr7w8QF;_ylu=X3oDMTByN2RnbHFoBHNlYwNzcgRzbGsDdmlkBHZ0aWQDBGdwb3MDMw--?p=green+revolution+crops&vid=93283b4267781e1b464a155d9f25590d&l=4%3A01&turl=http%3A%2F%2Fts4.mm.bing.net%2Fth%3Fid%3DVN.608021993416101155%26pid%3D15.1&rurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DysM2EuoVYfI&tit=Millions+Fed%3A+Leaving+the+Plow+Behind&c=1&sigr=11a4aaj7h&sigt=1156krlfk&age=0&hsimp=yhs-fullyhosted_003&hspart=ironsource&type=ast_dsites03_14_31_ie&tt=b

Arable land“Land that can be used to grow crops.”

- Only 10 percent of Earth’s Surface- Urban areas occupy about 3% of the earth’s

land surface and are expanding, often into arable land

Bugs!

• In the U.S. insects eat about 13% of all crops.

PESTS!• Insects• Plants• Fungi•microorganisms

Pesticides“chemicals used to kill insects, weeds

and other crop pests”

Farmers became reliant and problems began:

Pesticide problems• Pesticide Resistance• Human Health Concerns• Pollution and persistance ex - (DDT)

Biological Pest Control“Use of living

organisms to control pests”

http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/wasp_parasitic

1. Pathogens – bacteria that can kill caterpillars (butterflies/moths)

2. Plant Defenses3. Chemicals from plants4. Disrupting Insect

Breeding