Post on 21-Dec-2015
transcript
Chapter 22 Additions and Condensations of Enolate Ions
Alpha Substitution
Condensation Reactions
Base-Catalyzed Keto-Enol Tautomerism
Acid-Catalyzed Keto-Enol Tautomerism
Racemization
Energy Diagram of Enolate Reaction with an Electrophile
Alpha Halogenation of Ketones
Mechanism of Haloform Formation
Bromoform Reaction
Iodoform Reaction with a Secondary Alcohol
Mechanism of Acid-Catalyzed a-Halogenation
Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky Reaction
Hell-Volhard-Zelinski Reaction: Step 1
Hell-Volhard-Zelinski Reaction: Step 2
Alkylation of Enolate Ions
Mechanism of Enolate Formation
Alkylation of an Enamine
Acylation of Enamines
Aldol Condensation
Mechanism of Base-Catalyzed Aldol Condensation
Aldol Condensation of Acetone
Chapter 23 Carbohydrates and
Nucleic Acids
Structures of Glucose and Fructose
Classicfication of Monosaccharides
D and L Series of Sugars
Degradation of an Aldose
The D Family of Aldoses
Erytho and Threo Diastereomers
Dissymetric Molecules
Epimers
Mechanism of Cyclic Hemiacetal Formation
Glucose Conformations
Fructose
Anomers of Glucose
Anomers of Fructose
Mutarotation
Base-Catalyzed Epimerization of Glucose
Base-Catalyzed Enediol Rearrangement
Oxiation of Aldoses Using Bromine Water
Nitric Acid Oxidation
Tollens Test
Nonreducing Sugars
Aglycones
Ether Formation
Ester Formation
Osazone Formation
Ruff Degradation
Kiliani-Fischer Synthesis
Periodic Acid Cleavage of Carbohydrates
Disaccharides
b-Glucosidic Linkage
a Glucosidic Linkage
Linkage of Two Anomeric Carbons: Sucrose
Cellulose
Amylose
Amylose Helix
Amylopectin
RNA Polymer
Cytidine, Uridine, Adenosine, and Guanosine
Common Ribonucleotides
Phosphate Linkages
Common Deoxyribonucleosides
Base Pairing in DNA and RNA
Strands of DNA
Double Helix
Replication