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Copyright ©2009 by K. PlantenbergRestricted use only
Chapter 3Orthographic Projections in AutoCAD
Topics
Copyright ©2009 by K. PlantenbergRestricted use only
Ortho. Projection: TopicsSummary3.1) Introduction3.2) Layers3.3) Line Type Scale3.4) Properties3.5) Printing using Pen Widths3.7) Title Blocks3.8) Blocking3.10) Model and Layout Space
Copyright ©2009 by K. PlantenbergRestricted use only
Creating Orthographic Projections in AutoCAD
Summary
Copyright ©2009 by K. PlantenbergRestricted use only
Summary What will we learn in Chapter 3?
→ The tools necessary to draw an orthographic projection in AutoCAD.
Key points→ AutoCAD uses layers to help organize line
types and weights.
Copyright ©2009 by K. PlantenbergRestricted use only
Creating Orthographic Projections in AutoCAD
3.1) Introduction
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Introduction Line types and line weights give valuable
information to the print reader.
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Introduction AutoCAD enables you to create different
line types and to print using different line weights.
This is accomplished through the use of layers.
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Creating Orthographic Projections in AutoCAD
3.2) Layers
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Layers Layers are like transparencies, one laid
over the top of another.→ Each layer contains its own line type.→ The line color controls the printed line
thickness.
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Layers Let’s use
layers to organize this drawing.
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The Layers Panel
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The Layer Properties Manager
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Creating Orthographic Projections in AutoCAD
3.3) Line Type Scale
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Line Type Scale LTSCALE: Controls the size of the
dashes and the spaces between dashes or dots.
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Creating Orthographic Projections in AutoCAD
3.4) Properties
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Properties The properties of an individual object may
be changed by selecting the object and then selecting the Properties icon in the View tab - Palettes panel.
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The Properties Panel If these properties need to be changed,
your first action should be to use layer properties. → This creates a much more organized
drawing.
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Creating Orthographic Projections in AutoCAD
3.5) Printing using Pen Widths
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Printing using Pen Widths Object color is used to control the print
thickness of the object.→ Access the Page Setup window to assign
thickness’ to the different colors.
Prints each color black
Edit pen thickness’
Choose a color
Assign a line weight
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Creating Orthographic Projections in AutoCAD
3.7) Title Blocks
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Title Blocks Every engineering drawing should have
both a border and a title block. → Border - defines the drawing area→ Title block - gives pertinent information
The information that is included depends on the drawing type, field of engineering, and viewing audience.
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Title Block A title block may include:
→ Name of drafter→ Checked by→ School or Company→ Drawing title→ Part name→ Part number→ Material of part→ Number of required parts→ Sheet number→ Number of sheets→ Scale of drawing→ Date→ Last revision
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Creating Orthographic Projections in AutoCAD
3.8) Blocking
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Blocking Commands used
→ BLOCK: Allows you to create a grouping of objects that can be used repeatedly in the current drawing.
→ WBLOCK: This command writes a BLOCK to a file. This allows you to use the BLOCK in all drawings not just the current one.
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Blocking Commands used
→ INSERT: Allows you to retrieve a BLOCK or WBLOCK.
→ EXPLODE: (Modify panel ) Allows you to separate a BLOCK into its individual parts.
Live demonstration
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Creating Orthographic Projections in AutoCAD
3.10) Model and Layout Space
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Model and Layout Space Model Space:
→ In model space, you draw your design/model at a 1:1 scale.
Layout/Paper Space:→ The model is scaled to fit on the paper used
to print the drawing (usually 8.5 x 11).
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Model and Layout Space Model Space:
→ One view direction.
Layout/Paper Space:→ Multiple view directions through the use of
view ports.
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Model and Layout Space Viewports:
→ A viewport is a rectangular window that views the object from a specified line of sight.
→ Viewports are most useful when working with a 3-D model. • You can create several viewports that view the 3-
D model from several different vantage points.
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Model and Layout Space Model Space:
→ Annotations (dimension, text) may be included on 2-D drawings and one view 3-D drawings.
Layout/Paper Space:→ Annotations may be included in any view
port.
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Model and Layout Space Model Space:
→ Annotations will not scale automatically.
Layout/Paper Space:→ Annotations will scale automatically if the
object is defined as annotative.
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Creating Orthographic Projections in AutoCAD
End