Chapter 8 The Dynamic Planet

Elemental Geosystems 5e

Robert W. ChristophersonCharles E. Thomsen

The Dynamic Planet

The Pace of Change  

Earth’s Structure and Internal Energy  

The Geologic Cycle    

Plate Tectonics  

The Pace of Change  Geologic Time Scale

Uniformitarianism

Geologic Time Scale

Figure 8.1

Earth’s Structure and Internal Energy  

Earth in Cross SectionEarth’s core  

Earth’s magnetism

Earth’s mantle  

Lithosphere and crust  

Earth in Cross Section

Figure 8.2

Earth’s Interior

Figure 8.2

Earth’s Interior

Figure 8.2

Figure 8.2

Earth’s Interior

Core to Crust

Figure 8.3

Isostatic Adjustment

Figure 8.4

The Geologic CycleThe Rock Cycle  

Igneous processes  

Sedimentary processes  

Metamorphic processes  

The Geologic Cycle

Figure 8.5

The Rock Cycle

Figure 8.6

Igneous Rock Types

Figure 8.7

Intrusive and Extrusive Rocks

Figure 8.8

Sedimentary Rock Types

Figure 8.9

Metamorphic Rocks

Figure 8.12

Plate Tectonics  A Brief History  Sea-Floor Spreading and Production of New Crust  Subduction of the Crust  The Formation and Breakup of Pangaea  Plate Boundaries  Earthquake and Volcanic Activity  Hot Spots

Pangaea approximately 200 million years ago

Matching of mtn ranges

on continents

Paleoclimatic evidence for Continental Drift

Crustal Movements

Figure 8.13

Magnetic Reversals

Figure 8.14

Continents Adrift

Figure 8.15

Earth’s Major Plates

Figure 8.16

Ocean Floor

Figure 8.17

Earthquakes and Volcanoes

Figure 8.18

Hot Spot Tracks

Figure 8.19

End of Chapter 8

Elemental Geosystems 5e

Robert W. ChristophersonCharles E. Thomsen