Post on 05-Jan-2016
transcript
Unit 3.2: Ecology Intro & Biomes
Chapters 3 & 4
Ecology: study of interactions between organisms & their environment◦ In the broadest sense, Ecology focuses on the
Biosphere
Ecology
Everything is connectedto everything else
Biosphere: all the portions of the Earth where life exists (including land, water, and air/atmosphere)
Ecology
We learned this already… Atoms are bonded together to form: Molecules form: Organelles work together in a: Cells of the same type form a: Tissues work together to form: Organs are arranged in: Organ systems make up a:
Levels of organization in an Biosphere:
Cell
MoleculeOrganell
eTissueOrga
nOrgan systemOrganism
But there’s more… Groups of organisms of the same species
that live together: Populations of different species living in the
same place: All biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living)
factors in particular area:◦ Abiotic ex: weather, rocks, soil, etc.
Levels of organization in an Biosphere:
Population
Community
Ecosystem
Breaking it down…◦ Organism: an individual living thing
Species: organisms that breed and produce fertile offspring
ECOLOGY
Breaking it down… Habitat: where an organism lives
Ex: Zebra lives in the African Savanna Niche: an organism’s role in the environment
Ex: Zebras eat grass.
Ecology
◦Population: group of the same species living in the same area Ex: elephants in the Savanna
Ecology
Populations
Community: populations of different species living in the same area (all living – biotic factors)◦ Ex: elephants, lions, zebras in the savanna
Feeding relationships
Community
ECOLOGY
Ecosystem: All the biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) parts of an environment◦ Ex: soil, water, temp, lions, zebras in the Savanna
Ecology
Feeding relationships
Ecosystem
◦Biome: group of ecosystems that have the same climate and dominant vegetation
Ecology
Rainforest
lots of rain, lots of sunlight, always warm
many plants & animals
high biodiversity
Savannadry season/wet season, always warm
frequent fires in dry season
many herbivores
mid biodiversity
Desert
very dry, hot in day & cold at night
very few plants & only small animals:reptiles, insects, rodents, birds
low biodiversity
Temperate Grassland (Midwest U.S.)
dry season/wet season, cold winters/hot summers
frequent fires in dry season
many herbivores
mid biodiversity
Temperate Deciduous Forest
4 seasons: warm summer with rains, cold winter with snow
deciduous trees, many mammals, insects, birds, etc.
high biodiversity
Coniferous Forest (Taiga)
northern forest, drier, cooler
evergreens, mammals, birds, insects, etc.
mid biodiversity
Tundra
cold year round, dry, permafrost
only lichens & mosses & mostly migrating animals
low biodiversity