Post on 12-Jul-2015
transcript
Causes of world war 1
Why The U.S entered WW1
Treaty of Versailles
Trench Warfare & U.S in WW1
Pan- German-united all German speaking people.
Pan- Slavic- united all Slavic speaking people.
example: Bosnia-95% speak Slavic, controlled by a German speaking Austria.
European nations
competing for
colonies
“bigger is better”
Areas of conflict:
Africa, Bosnia,
Alsace, Lorraine
Military was built up for 2
reasons: to protect their
colonies and peer
pressure.
They used mandatory
draft to accomplish this.
Russia had the largest
army, Germany had the
best trained, Brittany had
the largest navy.
Central power:
Germany, Austria,
and ottoman
empire.
Allies: Britain,
Russia, France, U.S.
To protect their positions & to cut down on losses. Both sides dug trenches
At night supplies were brought in & scouts were sent out.
At dawn/ dusk attacks came: hit them with artillery & then go over the top.
Problems in the trenches: mud, rats, smell, body rot, cold, staying dry, maggots, lice, disease.
Had to go through barbwire, machine gun fire and craters.
Sinking of the Lusitania
- It was a passenger ship that was secretly carrying ammunitions
- A German submarine sunk the ship
- 1,198 passengers died (128 Americans)
-President Wilson demanded that the Germans apologize and pay for damages
Zimmerman note
- He was a German
official
- He sent a letter to
Mexico asking them to
attack U.S
- In exchange he
promised that Germany
would aid them in
retrieving some of the
land we took from them.
Unrestricted submarine warfare
-Sussex pledge- Germany
promised not to sink merchant
ships without first warning
-By 1917 Germany is
defeating Russia on the eastern
front, they want a quick victory
on the western front.
-to do this they use
unrestricted submarine warfare-
sinking all ships headed toward
allies nations.
General Pershing led the U.S. troops
By 1917 Germany controlled: Belgium, Italy & N. France
1918 Russia has a revolution & they drop out of the war
-Now Germany can concentrate on the western troops
By July, 1918 the U.S have1million troops in the War
We cut off the German rail lines which supply
their troops
- We attack through the Argonne Forest. It takes us 47 days & 1.2 million soldiers but we cut off their supply.
By October, 1918 German lines are crumbling
In November the Allies have captured the high ground & Germany surrenders
The 11th hour, the 11th day, the 11th month in 1918 the war ends!
New nations created-Russia= Finland,
Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, and Poland.
-Austria- Hungary= Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia.
-Ottoman Empire= divided up to be controlled by their allies.
Germany’s punishment
-Germany must accept full responsibility
-took away their colonies, coal field, and the areas of Alsace and Lorraine
-Forced them to pay $33 billion to the allies
-They were only able to pay $4.5 billion
Created the
league of nations
-An
organization of
nations
established at the
end of WW1 to
maintain world
stability.