Post on 13-Jan-2016
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China- Chapter 14:ii -
[Image source: http://www.nga.gov.au/TTTsui/Images/LRG/5237.jpg]
A northern official named
Yang Jian unified
China by conquering
both the north and the south.[Image source:
http://depts.washington.edu/chinaciv/1xarsui1.jpg]
Yang Jian took the title
Emperor Wen when he founded
the Sui dynasty.
[Image source: http://chineseswords.freewebspace.com/images/suiguards.jpg]
Emperor Wen
renewed many of the
goals and traditionsof the Han dynasty.
[Image source: http://www.artcn.net/ca/cap/ataoqi143.jpg]
He rebuilt the Han capitalof Changan.
[Image source: http://www.arch.nus.edu.sg/SOA/CASA/changan1.jpg]
[Image source: http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/core9/phalsall/images/changan.gif]
Emperor Wen rebuilt the Great Wall of China.
[Image source: http://pasture.ecn.purdue.edu/~agenhtml/agenmc/china/images/scenery/gw0.gif]
Emperor Wen constructed a Grand Canal
to link southern and
Northern China.
[Image source: http://www.cis.umassd.edu/~gleun
g/geofo/xyunhe1.jpg]
[Image source: http://www.history.ubc.ca/lshin/teaching/images/maps/canal.gif]
Most of these projects were done using corvee labour, which made him very unpopular with the peasantry.
[Image source: http://egyptianchronicles.freewebsitehosting.com/DIGGINGTHESUEZCANAL5.html]
Eventually, peasant revolts destabilized the Sui government.
[Image source: http://www.cctv.com/english/TouchChina/GloryofChineseCivilization/Literature/images/20020722100020_2_li2.jpg]
The rebellious lord Li Yuan seized control from the Sui dynasty and proclaimed
himself emperor of
China.[Image source: http://www.chinatranslate.net/china/img/china-
13.jpg]
Li Yuan established the Tang dynasty, which lasted from 618 to 907 A.D.
[Image source: http://www.pitt.edu/~asian/week-10/10-2.JPG]
Tai Cong, a son of Li Yuan, was the military genius behind the early Tang expansion.
[Image source: http://www.wwnorton.com/nrl/english/nawol/maps/MAP11CHI.JPG]
Aside from being a gifted military leader,Tai Cong was also a shrewd administrator.
[Image source: http://www.imagesonline.bl.uk/britishlibrary-store/Components/64/6404_1.jpg]
Candidates for government
service had to pass a series of
civil service examinations.
[Image source: http://www2.kenyon.edu/Depts/Religion/Fac/Adler/Reln471/Images471/exam.jpg]
These tests measured the
degree to whicha scholar had mastered the
Confucian Classics.
[Image source: http://www.wickedwinks.com/uni/confucious.jpg]
The Tang bureaucracy became a meritocracy – a system where people are chosen and
promoted based on talent and performance.
[Image source: http://www.nawpublishing.com/ChinesePub.htm]
Tang rulers built roads and improved navigation, which made governing the empire easier. These roads increased trade and brought prosperity.
[Image source: http://www.chineseartnet.com/ymy/life52.jpg]
Camel caravans carried the wealth of the Orientto markets in the West along the Silk Road.
[Image source: http://www.frankdux.de/images/travel/asia/silkroadtwo/_takla.jpg]
Foreign products and ideas, such as Buddhism, Christianity, and Islamcame to China along the Silk Road.
[Image source: http://gallery.sjsu.edu/silkroad/map.htm]
Buddhism became very popular in
China during the Tang dynasty.
[Image source: http://www.achinatravel.com/travel
_china/Feature/images/fj.jpg]
Empress Wu, the wife of Gaozong, virtually
ruled China during the last-half of
the 600s A.D.[Image source:
http://www.history.ubc.ca/lshin/teaching/311/week10/wuzetian.htm]
Empress Wu expanded the bureaucracy and strengthened the military.
[Image source: http://chinese-armour.freewebspace.com/images/tang_armoured_troops3.jpg]
Later emperors, such as Xuanzang, became great patrons of the arts.
[Image source: http://www.nyu.edu/fas/summer/nanjing/TangDce.jpg]
Tang artisans were most
renowned for their ceramics, especially a fine
translucent pottery known in the West as
“china.”[Image source:
http://www.talariaenterprises.com/images2/4325a.jpg]
Du Fu and Li Bo, two of China’s greatest poets, flourished during the Tang.
[Image source: http://plaza.ufl.edu/recon/projects/project2/poetry/chinese/dufu.jpg]
Though a country be sundered,hills and rivers endure;
And spring comes green again to trees and grasses Where petals have been shed like tears
And lonely birds have sung their grief. . . . After the war-fires of three months, One message from home is worth a ton of gold. . . . I stroke my white hair. It has grown too thin
To hold the hairpins any more.
A SPRING VIEW
Tang scholars compiled
dictionaries and encyclopedias, and produced
histories of China.
[Image source: http://depts.washington.edu/chinaciv/callig/7tangstl.htm]
Buddhist monks developed a technique of block printing, which facilitated the production of books.
[Image source: http://www.nawpublishing.com/ChinesePub.htm]
Wars with Turkish and Tibetan neighbors, as well as rebellions in famine-stricken provinces, plagued
the Tang dynasty after 755 A.D.
[Image source: http://www.skidmore.edu/academics/asianstudies/TibetanPhotos/MountedWarriors.jpg]
The Tang dynasty finally collapsed in 907 A.D.
[Image source: http://www.cctv.com/english/TouchChina/GloryofChineseCivilization/Literature/images/20020722100020_2_li2.jpg]
Between 907 and 960 A.D. China was ruledby a succession of military dynasties.
[Image source: http://www.dbaol.com/images/faces/849_face.jpg]
The Song dynasty was
founded when General Zhao
Kuangyin seized the throne and
crowned himself emperor.
[Image source: http://id.chinabroadcast.cn/mmsource/images/2004/08/19/s5.jpg]
[Image source: http://images.encarta.msn.com/xrefmedia/aencmed/targets/maps/mhi/T028711A.gif]
Song scholars developed an official state-philosophy called neo-
Confucianism.
[Image source: http://www.uwec.edu/greider/WorldReligions/Confucius.jpg]
Eventually a wealthy elite of
Confucian scholars known
as mandarins came to control
the state bureaucracy.
[Image source: http://www.csupomona.edu/~plin/ls201/confucian4.html]
Examination cubicle
[Image source: http://www.csupomona.edu/~plin/ls201/confucian3.html]
Song rulers used state revenuesto fund
irrigation projects and
canals.[Image source:
http://www.csupomona.edu/~plin/ls201/images/irrigation_big.jpg]
Urban centers
prosperedas farming, trade, and commerce
thrived.[Image source:
http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/song/econ/manufac/bridge.gif]
Hangzhou, the capital of Song China, had over one million residents.
[Image source: http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/song/econ/im/street.gif]
Song artists were renownedfor their landscape paintings.
[Image source: http://www.red-peony.com/images/song-pipa.jpg]
Inventors developed tools that made it possible for Song sailors to navigate out of the sight of land.
[Image source: http://www.csupomona.edu/~plin/ls201/images/chicompass_big.jpg]
Gunpowder was first used in
fireworks at this time.
[Image source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Chinese_rocket.gif]
The Mongols conquered
north China in 1234 A.D.
[Image source: http://thomaschen.freewebspace.com/images/mongolarcher.jpg]
The remnant of the Song dynasty that survivedin southern China eventually fell in 1279 A.D.
[Image source: http://images.encarta.msn.com/xrefmedia/aencmed/targets/maps/mhi/T028711A.gif]
The Mongols established the Yűan dynasty in the 1200s A.D.
[Image source: http://www.history.ubc.ca/lshin/teaching/images/yuan/hunting.gif]
[Image source: http://www.paulnoll.com/China/Dynasty/dynasty-Yuan.jpg]
Kublai Khan, a grandson of Genghis Khan, ruled China from 1260 to 1294 A.D.
[Image source: http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/mongols/pastoral/cookout.gif]
The highest positions in the Yuan court were given to Mongols or foreigners.
[Image source: http://www.cultural-china.com/chinaWH/upload/4_3-2b.jpg}
Marco Polo visited the court of
Kublai Khan and wrote about his
travels in the Orient.
[Image source: http://www.portalplanetasedna.com.ar/images/Marco0.gif]
Route of Marco Polo, circa 1271-1297
[Image source: http://www.askasia.org/silk_roads/l000098/images/map2a.gif]
[Image source: http://www.ub.uni-freiburg.de/ausstellung/marco.polo.jpg]
Under the Mongols, trade between China, Europe, and Southwest Asia flourished.
[Image source: http://depts.washington.edu/uwch/silkroad/exhibit/trade/trade_routes.jpg]
On more than one occasion the Mongols attempted to invade and conquer the
island empire of Japan.
[Image source: http://samourais.free.fr/Mongols_2.jpg]
Kublai Khan was succeeded by a series
of weak rulers.
[Image source: http://www.chinapage.com/emperor/yuan1008.jpg]
In 1368 A.D. a Buddhist Monk leda rebellion which succeeded in
overthrowing the Yűan dynasty.
[Image source: http://thomaschen.freewebspace.com/catalog.html]