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transcript
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CIRCUIT SWITCHING -CIRCUIT SWITCHING SIGNALING
Introduction
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IntroductionClass 1:
regional centersClass 1:
regional centers
Class 2: sectional centers
Class 3: primary centers
Class 4: toll centers
Class 2: sectional centers
Class 3: primary centers
Class 4: toll centers
Residential customer
Business customer
Residential customer
Business customer
Class 5: local central office
Local loops
Tandem office
Local loops
Local Carrier's Domain of Influence, Intra-LATA
Class 5: local central office
Introduction
LATA – Local Access and Transport AreaIC – Interexchange Carrier
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Introduction
Numbering Plan
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Signaling
Intra exchange signaling (Subscriber Intra-exchange signaling (Subscriber Signaling)
Inter-exchange signaling (Signaling between exchange)
Exchange
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Subscriber signaling
Subscriber Signaling
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Subscriber SignalingLine Signaling
Subscriber SignalingLine Signaling
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Subscriber SignalingAddress Signaling
Subscriber SignalingAddress Signaling
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Subscriber SignalingRinging Signaling
Subscriber SignalingTones and Announcements
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Subscriber SignalingTones and Announcements
Subscriber SignalingTones and Announcements
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Subscriber SignalingTones and Announcements for Supplementary services
Supplementary services Supplementary services Customer Calling Services Customer Local Area Signaling Services
(CLASS)
Subscriber SignalingTones and Announcements for Supplementary services
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Subscriber SignalingTones and Announcements for Supplementary services
Subscriber SignalingTones and Announcements for Supplementary services
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Subscriber SignalingTones and Announcements for Supplementary services
Subscriber SignalingTones and Announcements for Supplementary services
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Subscriber SignalingTones and Announcements for Supplementary services
Inter-Exchange Signaling
Inter Exchange signaling Inter-Exchange signaling Channel-Associated inter-exchange
Signaling (CAS) – per trunk signaling Common Channel Signaling (CCS)
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Inter-Exchange Signaling
Inter-Exchange SignalingChannel-Associated Signaling (CAS)
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Inter-Exchange SignalingChannel-Associated Signaling (CAS)
Inter-Exchange SignalingChannel-Associated Signaling (CAS)
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Inter-Exchange SignalingChannel-Associated Signaling (CAS)
Channel Associated Signaling systems: Channel-Associated Signaling systems: Bell System multi-frequency (MF) signaling CCITT No. 5 signaling R2 signaling
Inter-Exchange SignalingChannel-Associated Signaling (CAS) – R2/MFC
R2 signaling R2 signaling Known as multi-frequency compelled (MFC), MFC-R2 or
R2 signaling system Can be used on 2-wire analog trunks; 4-wire analog
and digital trunks Can not be used on TASI-equiped trunks and trunks
carried by satellite transmission systems -->Applicationcarried by satellite transmission systems >Application of R2 is limited to relative short international trunks
Most important difference between R2 and Bell MFC & CCITT No.5 is its register (address) signaling
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Inter-Exchange SignalingChannel-Associated Signaling (CAS) – R2/MFC
Supervision signaling on digital trunks Supervision signaling on digital trunks Network (national/international R2
signaling) use E1 for digital trunks Super-frame consists of 16 consecutive frames,
numbered from 0 to 15 For super-frame alignment bit 1 – 4 in TS16 of For super-frame alignment, bit 1 – 4 in TS16 of
frame 0 are coded 0000 TS16 in frame 1 to 15 carries 4 status bits for
the trunks
Inter-Exchange SignalingChannel-Associated Signaling (CAS) – R2/MFC
Supervision signaling on digital trunks Supervision signaling on digital trunks Supervision signaling for digital
international R2 trunks is continuous 2 forward and 3 backward trunk states,
represented by bit af, bf and ab, bbti lrespectively
Bit c & d are not used and set to 0 and 1
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Inter-Exchange SignalingChannel-Associated Signaling (CAS) – R2/MFC
Inter-Exchange SignalingChannel-Associated Signaling (CAS) – R2/MFC
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Inter-Exchange SignalingChannel-Associated Signaling (CAS) – R2/MFC
Inter-Exchange SignalingChannel-Associated Signaling (CAS) – R2/MFC
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Inter-Exchange SignalingChannel-Associated Signaling (CAS) – R2/MFC
Inter-Exchange SignalingChannel-Associated Signaling (CAS) – R2/MFC
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Inter-Exchange SignalingChannel-Associated Signaling (CAS) – R2/MFC
Inter-Exchange SignalingChannel-Associated Signaling (CAS) – R2/MFC
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Inter-Exchange SignalingChannel-Associated Signaling (CAS) – R2/MFC
Inter-Exchange SignalingChannel-Associated Signaling (CAS) – R2/MFC
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Inter-Exchange SignalingChannel-Associated Signaling (CAS) – R2/MFC
Inter-Exchange SignalingChannel-Associated Signaling (CAS) – R2/MFC