CIRCULATORY SYSTEM:BLOOD + BLOOD VESSELS

October 21, 2016

AGENDA● Review

● Questions

● Activity

● Notes

HEART

HEART= A BIG, WET, MUSCLY PUMP

HEARTTRANSPORTS

nutrients oxygenwasteheat

hormonesimmune cells

Body temperaturepH levels

Volume of body fluid

REGULATES

3 TYPES OF CIRCULATION

- Coronary = blood (vessels) around the heart

- Pulmonary = blood (vessels) from heart to lungs

- Systemic = blood (vessels) from heart to rest of the body

BLOOD

COMPONENTS OF BLOOD

COMPONENTS OF BLOOD1. RED BLOOD CELLS (RBCs) / ERYTHROCYTES

● O2 transporter● Simple little cells from stem

cells of the bone marrow● 45% total blood volume● Bi-concave shape

○ Large surface → Ideal for gas exchange

● NO nucleus○ Flexible → able to

change shape as they travel through capillaries

● Surviving an average of only 120 DAYS

Hemoglobin

ERYTHROCYTES

Hemoglobin HemeRBC

● 4 irons/Hb● 250 million Hb/RBC● 1 billion O2/RBC

COMPONENTS OF BLOOD2. WHITE BLOOD CELLS / LEUKOCYTES

● Defense system● Stem cells of the

bone marrow● <1%● YES nucleus● 2 Types

○ Granulocytes■ Acquired immune

response

○ Agranulocytes ■ macrophages

COMPONENTS OF BLOOD2. PLATELETS / THROMBOCYTES

● Blood clotting● Stem cells of the

bone marrow● <1%● NO nucleus

COMPONENTS OF BLOOD3. PLASMA

● Little bit of everything● ~55% of total blood

volume● 90% water● 10% solutes

○ Ions○ Proteins○ Nutrients ○ Wastes○ Gases

QUESTIONS

QUESTION #1OXYGENATION OF BLOOD

QUESTION #2PLASMA FUNCTION

● Little bit of everything● ~55% of total blood volume● 90% water● 10% solutes

○ Ions■ pH levels■ Osmotic pressure■ Muscle contraction■ Action potentials

○ Proteins■ Albumins: osmotic pressure ■ Globulins: antibodies■ Fibrinogens: blood clotting

○ Nutrients ○ Wastes○ Gases

QUESTION #3TIMING OF BLOOD DOPING

?

QUESTION #4LOCATION OF SPLEEN

● https://human.biodigital.com/index.html

QUESTION #5FUNCTION OF GRANULES

● Contain enzymes that damage or digest pathogens and release inflammatory mediators into the bloodstream

● Pathogen = disease-causing bacterium, virus, or microorganism

BLOOD

BLOOD TYPES

RHESUS FACTOR

● Another chemical identification tag in blood ● Rh + person has Rh factor● Rh - develops antibodies against Rh +

○ problem in pregnancy

RHESUS FACTOR

ACTIVITY

FIND A DONOR!● EVEN numbers, find a donor!● Go around ask people for their blood

types, how fast can you find your donor?

BLOOD COMPATIBILITY

BLOOD TYPE DISTRIBUTION

Blood Type Distribution

Rh + (%) Rh - (%)

O 39 7

A 36 6

B 7.6 1.4

AB 2.5 0.5

BLOOD VESSELS

FUNCTION

● Deliver oxygen and nutrients to cells throughout the body

● Carry away waste products● Part of maintaining blood pressure

FORM + FUNCTION● Active and dynamic organs that are capable

of contracting and expanding● Three layers of tissue

○ Inner = smooth epithelial cells ■ reduce friction

○ Middle = made of smooth muscle cells and sheets of the protein elastin■ Key role in blood flow, pressure

○ Outer = made mostly of loosely woven collagen-fiber■ Protects and reinforces the whole blood vessel

3 MAJOR TYPES

● Arteries carry blood away from the heart○ arterioles = mini-arteries that branch out

into the capillaries● Veins carry blood towards the heart

○ Venules = the smallest vein components that suck blood out of the capillaries

● Capillaries ○ Transfer station between the two

ARTERY● High pressure● Aorta and major branches = ELASTIC - contain more

elastin than any other blood vessel type● Muscular arteries = THICKEST middle layer -

additional smooth muscle tissue

CAPILLARIES● Made of single layer of epithelial tissue● Able to deliver the oxygen and other nutrients in your

blood to their cellular destinations through diffusion● Cells dump their carbon dioxide and other waste back into

the blood and send it away

VEIN● Low pressure● Has to work against gravity

○ Venous valve: to help keep the blood from flowing backward

QUESTION #1OXYGENATION OF BLOOD

EXIT CARD

1. vessels involved in Pulmonary circulation OR

Systemic circulation2. Feedback! Too fast?