Circulatory SystemBloodEndocrine

SystemSensesNervous System

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What is the function of neuroglial cells?

Protection and support of the neurons

What is the function of the dendrite?

Transmit impulses to the cell body

What is the all or nothing principle?

An AP is triggered when a threshold stimulus is

applied

What two factors determine the rate of an

action potential?

Diameter of axon and myelination

List the two main structures found in the

CNS.

Brain and spinal cord

What is the name of the photopigment found in

the rods?

Rhodopsin

What is the function of the lens?

Refracts light to be focused on retina

What happens to the ciliary muscles and lens

when you look at a distant object?

Muscles relax, lens is elongated

What is the area of the retina that does not

produce an image called?

Optic disc (blind spot)

Describe two symptoms of glaucoma.

Loss of peripheral vision, intraocular pressure exceeding 25 mmHg

What are the endocrine cells in the pancreas

called?

Islets of Langerhans

Which of the following is not an example of an

endocrine gland? (Sweat, adrenal,

parathyroid, pituitary or pineal gland)

Sweat gland

What two hormones are responsible for regulating

blood calcium levels?

Parathyroid hormone and calcitonin

What hormone is typically regulated by

positive feedback?

Oxytocin

What two hormones are involved in the fight or

flight response?

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

If a mother and her fetus have an incompatible Rh

factor, what disorder would result?

Erythroblastosis fetalis

Define hemocrit.

Measure of percent of volume of whole blood that is made up of RBC

Define hemopoiesis.

Blood cell formation

What prevents blood loss in a damaged vessel?

Hemostasis (platelet plug formation, vascular spasm, coagulation)

Describe antigens, antibodies and Rh factor

found in A- and B+ individuals

A- carries A antigens; anti-B antibodies and no

RhB+ carries B antigens;

anti-A antibodies and Rh

What surrounds the heart? What is its

function?

Pericardium; protects heart from overextension

What is the function of the atrio-ventricular (AV)

valves?

Prevent backflow of blood from ventricles to atrium

What is the pacemaker of the heart?

SA node (sinoatrial node)

How are veins and arteries different

structurally?

Veins have valves

What is the function of capillaries?

Exchange of gases and nutrients between cells

and blood