CIS REVIEW

This mountain range divides Russia from Europe

Ural Mountains

Bread Basket of CIS and Europe

Ukraine

Center of the first Russian State

Kiev

Mongols who conquered Kiev

Golden Horde

Regains Russian territory lost during Mongol Rule, and builds framework for absolute rule

Ivan the Great

First ruler crowned Czar setting the stage for absolute power in Russia

Ivan the Terrible

Czars ruling autocratically means

to

Rule with absolute power

Land owning nobles of Russia during the rule of the Czars

Boyars

Family name of those who were in power from 1613 -1917 in Russia

ROMANOV

Czar who westernized Russia, expanded its borders and ended Russia’s isolation

Peter the Great

Most Russians were this under the Czars

Serfs

Protest whereby Czar Nicholas II orders protesters shot

Bloody Sunday

Legislature under Nicholas II that approved all laws

Duma

Forced to abdicate the throne

Nicholas II

Author of the Communist Manifesto

Karl Marx

Marxist protest against longer hours and less pay

Bloody Sunday

THE RISE OF RUSSIA

GEOGRAPHY OF RUSSIALies across Eurasian

Plain Borders Europe and

China Ural Mts. Boundary

between Europe and Asia

North –Forests-lumber, fuel

Hunters – fur-cold icy climate

Border of North-(part of Ukraine) home to Russia’s 1st civilization

Steppe-South –treeless grassland-pasture, nomads

RIVERS OF RUSSIA

Rivers run north to south

TransportationTradeLinked early Russia to

advanced Byzantine Empire

KIEV and MONGOLS

Center of 1st Russian State

Golden Horde – Mongols take Kiev

Fierce conquers – conquered ruled their lands if tax was paid

Russians learn absolute power concept

Russia cut off from Western Europe

Lost advancements in arts and sciences

MOSCOWMongol Power declinesRussian Princes defeat

Golden Horde Ivan III, The Great,

1462-1505Brings Northern Russia

under his controlRegains Russian

territory lost during Mongol Rule

Builds framework for absolute rule – refers to himself as tsar

In power he is like highest God

OBSTACLE FOR RUSSIA TO INDUSTRIALIZE

RIGID CLASS STRUCTURE

RUSSIA WAS DEFEATED IN THIS WAR, SHOWING HOW BACKWARD RUSSIA WAS CRIMEAN WAR

LAND OWNING NOBLES OF RUSSIADOMINATED RUSSIAN SOCIETY

DID NOT WANT ANY CHANGES

RUSSIA’S OFFICIAL RELIGION

EASTERN ORTHODOX CHRISTIANITY

SEPERATES EUROPEAN RUSSIA FROM ASIAN RUSSIA

URAL MOUNTAINS

CZARS RULED AUTOCRATICALLY, THIS MEANS

WITH ABSOLUTE POWER

FAMILY OF CZARS WHO RULED RUSSIA FOR OVER 300 YRS.

ROMANOVS

CZAR WHO FORCED RUSSIA TO MODERNIZE

PETER THE GREAT

CZARINA WHO CONTINUED PETER’S POLICIES & EXTENDED RUSSIA’S BORDERS

CATHERINE THE GREAT

HE WAS DEFEATED BY RUSSIAN IN 1812 WITH HELP OF “GENERAL WINTER”

NAPOLEON

STATUS OF MOST RUSSIAN PEOPLE UNDER CZARS

SERFS

LIBERATOR CZAR WHO FREED THE SERFS

ALEXANDER II

WROTE THE COMMUNIST MANIFESTO

KARL MARX

REVOLT AGAINST CZAR IN 1905 WHEN CZAR ORDERED PROTESTERS SHOT

BLOODY SUNDAY

FACTORY WORKERS OR WORKERS IN EARLY RUSSIA

PROLETARIANS

FACTORY OWNERS

BOURGEOISIE

COMMUNIST MANIFESTO CALLED FOR

OVERTHROW OF BOURGEOUSIE BY PROLETARIANS

LAST CZAR OF RUSSIA

NICHOLAS II

REVOLUTION ENDING RULE OF CZARS

BOLSHEVIK

AFTER BOLSHEVIK REVOLLUTION RUSSIA BECAME A

SOCIALIST OR COMMUNIST STATE

AFTER BOLSHEVIK REVOLUTION, HE BECAME HEAD OFRUSSIA, AND THEFOUNDER OF THE SOVIET UNION

LENIN

ACCORDING TO SOCIALISM

ALL ARE MEMBERS IN A CLASSLESS SOCIETY

2ND LEADER OF USSR, KGB ENFORCED HIS POLICIES, 30 MILLION RUSSIANS WERE KILLED BECAUSE OF HIM

STALIN

AGREEMENT BETWEEN STALIN AND HITLER NOT TO ATTACK EACH OTHER

THE NON-AGGRESSION PACT

HELPED RUSSIA DEFEAT HITLER

COLD RUSSIAN WINTER

AFTER WWII THE U.S. AND THE SOVIET UNION WERE CONSIDERED TO BE SUPER POWERS BECAUSE THEY BOTH HAD THIS

NUCLEAR WEAPONS

TENSIONS BETWEEN U.S. AND USSR CAUSED BY THREAT OF NUCLEAR WAR

COLD WAR

CLOSEST WORLD CAME TO NUCLEAR WAR

CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS

OPENESSNESS POLICY OF GORBACHEV

GLASNOST

GORBACHEV’S ECONOMIC RESTRUCTURING POLICY

PERESTROIKA

AFTER THE SOVIET UNION’S COLLAPSE, IT BECAME

INDEPENDENT NATIONS

REPLACED THE SOVIET UNION

A COMMONWEALTH

SHOWS RUSSIA’S DEVELOPMENT

RUSSIA, SOVIET UNION, CIS

USSR STANDS FOR

THE UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS

LAST PRESIDENT OF SOVIET UNION

GORBACHEV