Post on 03-Apr-2018
transcript
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
1/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
Leadership in COINOperations
An Old Concept in a New Age orDelegating to the Point of
Discomfort
1
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
2/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
Purpose
To highlight the unique challenges of
leadership in a COIN environment.
2
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
3/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
Areas of Discussion
Traditional Leadership
Insurgent Strategy The moral/ dimension of
Counterinsurgencies
Conventional VS COIN Environment
Leadership Issues in Coin
The ABCs of COIN Leadership Suggested Best Practices
3
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
4/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
Leadership Traits
What are the traits of a great leader?
Competent
Honest
Selfless
Trusts his/her Subordinates
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
5/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
It is far more effective to attack an opponents
strategy than his Army .
- Sun Tzu
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
6/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
Fighting to the Taliban's Game Plan
What the Taliban wants us to do:
Chase illiterate teenage boys around the countryside(waste thousands of manpower hours on sweep
operations). Kill them inside villages with collateral damage. Make cultural mistakes, lose hearts and minds. Lose sight of our game plan to win. Get tired and go home.
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
7/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
The core of the difficulty is neithermilitary nor political but moral.
Martin Van Creveld the The Changing Face of War 2007
7
Russian forces 1980
Russian forces 1989
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
8/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
"When a child is killed in one of these villages, that village is lost
for 100 years. These places run on revenge."Pakistani diplomat, ICG Report, August2003
...burning Taliban bodies, Koran desecration, Abu Graib, Iraq invasion,Bagram deaths, shooting up wedding parties, Guantanamo, Haditha, civiliancasualties...
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
9/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
COIN Failure Ireland 1922
9
TheBritishinreprisalstarta
counterterrorprogrammatching
terrorforterror.Reprisalsaretaken
againstthepopulation,homesare
burned,crowds
are
fired
upon.
The
IRAarebattledtoastalemate,but
theBritishpublicabandonsthe
fightsickenedbywhattheyhad
become.
TheIrishrebelin1916
butfail.Keyleadership
escapesandtheIRA
beginsarenewed
insurgency,with
bettertraining,tactics
andintelligence.
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
10/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
COIN Success Story Ireland 2007
10
TheBritishdidnotalienatethe
peoplebythemid90stheIRA
hadbeguntoexperiencedifficulty
innewrecruitingtoreplacethose
whohad
been
killed
or
jailed
or
left
oftheirownaccord.MartinVanCreveldtheTheChangingFaceofWar2007
FirstClasstraining
strictdiscipline,high
professionalism,and
superbleadership.MartinVanCreveldtheTheChangingFaceofWar2007
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
11/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
Conduct of Troops During Operations
Rules of Conduct:
1. There shall be no confiscation whatever from the poor
peasantry.2. If you borrow anything, return it.
3. Replace all articles you damage.
4. Pay fairly for everything that you purchase.5. Be honest in all transactions with the peasants.
6. Be courteous and polite to the people and help themwhen you can.
11
Mao Tse-tung, 1928
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
12/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
Leadership Issues in COIN
Commanders and other leaders will be challenged by theunique demands of counterinsurgency.
In-depth understanding of the operational environment
is an absolute necessity to recognize who is the enemy,when and where to fight, and when other activities aremore valuable.
COIN
103REF:FM324,Chap7 12
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
13/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
Traditional Leadership Environment
Shoot
Move Communicate
13
Techno logy as the force mult ip l ier
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
14/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
COIN Leadership Environment
Presence
Patience Persistence
14
Winning is a Western concept ; prog ress can be made, bu t i t takes
t ime
Afghanistan 1830s
Afghanistan 2004
"It seems this place hasn't changed very muchsince Kipling. This place is like the last
frontier."
Private Gary Holt 1-87, 10th MD
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
15/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
What to expect in a COIN Environment
What youll see
What youll be doing What youll think
COIN103
15
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
16/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
What youll see
Leadership challenges that never surfaced
in pre-deployment preparation Third world squalor, disease, dysfunction,
animosity
16
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
17/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
Stressors
Exposure to a strange and unfamiliarculture
Work with people whom you dontunderstand and who dont understand you
Work with forces outside of your unit with
whom you have had little exposure orexperience
Work with NGOs, IO and HN organizations
Jobs that you think are outside yourMOS/career field
17
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
18/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
Other Players
18
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
19/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
Preconceived Notions
Technology is king
Ill never get it Nothing can be done
HN soldiers/police/civiliansare lazy/stupid/corrupt
The unit you RIP are idiots
19
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
20/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
The Army will need leaders of
uncommon agil ity, resourcefulness
and imagination, leaders willing and
able to think and act creatively and
decisively in a different kind of world
and a different kind of conflict than we
have prepared for over the last six
decades
-Secretary of Defense Robert GatesWest Point, 22 Apri l 2008
The Era of Persistent Conflict
20
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
21/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
The
Of COIN Leadership
BalancedCreative
Adaptive
s
21
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
22/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
CulturallyAttunedSituationallyAwareActiveCommunicatorsCriticalReasonersFullSpectrum
AdaptiveLeaders On a recent afternoon, he checked on refurbished water
pumps for farmers and approvedmoney to connect the pumping
station there were soccer
uniforms to be dropped off for acommunity team, heated disputes
to resolve, an influential sheik to
visit. " It is purely my fight in myarea of operation," [CPT] Gilbert
said.
- NYT 3/21/0822
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
23/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
BalancedWarriorsPersonalBalanceExperientialBalance
23
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
24/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
CreativeThinkersInnovativeProblemSolvers
"They give us a chunk
of land and say, 'Fix it,"
said Captain RichThompson, 36, who
controls an area east of
Baghdad.
- NYT 3/21/08
24
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
25/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
The complexity, unpredictability,
and ambiguity of postwar Iraq is
producing company grade officerswho are accustomed to operating
independently, taking the initiative,
and adapting to changes. the Army
must now acknowledge and
encourage this newly developed
adaptability in our junior officers or
risk sti fling the innovation criticallyneeded in the Armys future leaders.
Developing Adaptive Leaders
Dr. Lenny Wong, 2004
The Company Fight
25
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
26/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
Best Practices
Delegate to the point of discomfort
Task and purpose Dont stand in the way of a solution
Resource to succeed
Do less, mentor more
Professional development
Underwrite reasonable risk
26
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
27/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
Best Practices
Be a role model for you troops and HN
Be ethical, you set the tone
Get out amongst your soldiers, the people inyour AOR
Be agile and adaptive Be self aware/360 degree assessment
27
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
28/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
Questions?
28
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO A f 8 J 09
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
29/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
Leadership in COIN
Tactical Decision Game
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
30/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
Scenario
A market bordering the MSRthat supplies your company isthe site of increasingly
frequent IED attacks. Youhave canvassed themerchants, but none claims tohave seen anything, even
though some attacks haveoccurred in broad daylight.Your company wants to takedecisive action. How do theoperational environment andleadership principles influenceyour course of action?
.5km
1km0
I
MSR
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
31/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
Scenario
Your unit operates area of operationswith a strong Al Qaeda presence and
few host nation forces. An insurgentleader approaches, requesting amnestyfor his fighters in exchange for
information. You know that thisinsurgent leader is responsible for thedeaths of soldiers in your unit and units
that preceded you? What do you do?
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
7/28/2019 Coin Leadership
32/32
US Army Combined Arms Center
UNCLASSIFIED/FOUO As of 8 Jan 09
One Solution
32