•PRESENTED BY:•Fatma ELmanshy

•SHerry Adel•PRESENTED TO:

•Prof: Tarek Abou Elmaaty

COLOUR FASTNESS( LIGHT FASTNESS- RUBBING FASTNESS )

2

Content:1 -improve light fastness. Definitions and terms. Basis of the effect. Applied chemistry. Application and evaluation methods. Troubleshooting

2 -improve crocking and rubbing fastnessDefinitions and termsBasis of the effect. Applied chemistry

..Troubleshooting. 3

Resistance of

Dyestuffs toUltraviolet

Radiations

UVDivided into

A320-400 nm

B280-320 nm

C100-280 nm

LIGHT FASTNESS

4

E =h X = h X C/

The energy

E The

wavelengthTh

e hi

gher The shorter

UVCThe higher energy

Absorbed by ozone5

No Light ProtectionFading in tone

Fading in tone

Fading out of tone(Bleeding)Less severe

than

The light protection of dyestuff

The light protection of the fibre

Is connected to

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moisture

heatTriplet

and singlet oxygen

FACTORS PROMOTE

THE FADING BY LIGHT

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protecting products

Dyestuff Light

Interaction with

or

Interaction with dyestuff

After treatment with copper salts

Radical traps(anti – oxidants)

1 - 8

AFTER TREATMENT WITH COPPER SALTS

Formation of copper complex

with dyestuff

Improve light fastness

Disadvantages

Require special structures

toxic 9

RADICAL TRAPS(ANTI-OXIDANTS)

Hindered phenol light stabilisers

(HPLS)

Hindered amine light stabilisers

(HALS)

Anti-oxidant free radical trapping mechanism

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2- Interaction with light

UV ScreenerUV Absorber

UV Absorbers

benzotriazol Phenyl triazine

-cyano acrylic acid derivations

Colourless organic compounds

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Titanium dioxide

Delustering agent

Absorbs UV light

Absorb UV energy

Vibration energy

Heat energy

THE MECHANISM

Without photogradation

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ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT ABSORBERS FROM THE HYDROXYL PHENYL CLASS

2-Hydroxyphenyl-1,3,5-triazine

2(2-’Hydroxy-5’-methylphenyl )benzotriazole

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Disadvantages

High price

High concentration

needed(0.5-2%)

Hindered amine light stabilizars with UV

absorbance

THEREFOR THEY USE COMBINATION WITH OTHER PRODUCTS

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Application methods.

After treatment

Exhaustion Pad-dry techniques

With dyeing

ISO AATCC FAKRA SAE

EVALUATION METHODS

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LIGHT FASTNESS MEASURES BY

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Auxiliary chemicals

pretreatment In dyeing In printing

Decrease light fastness

TROUBLESHOOTINGFINISHES

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Combination of light protecting

agents with

Protecting agents against

Over-oxidation

Over-reduction

pH buffers

Vat dyes

Fibre protectors

“Nitrogen atoms ”

Fibre damagers

“photolysis”18

parameters of influence :

Kind of fibre “tensile strength&

wet abrasion ”

Kind& concentration

“Dyestuff” Dyeing or

printing procedure .After

treatment agents

Type of textile in contact

Intensity of the contact “pressure,

time, temp”

Migration ofcolour

From dyed surface to another

By rubbingRUBBING FASTNESS

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Rubbing fastness

improvement

Film formation(smooth surface )

Hydrophobation

Finish product

sLubrican

tBehave similarly to

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Improving rubbing fastness

Hydrolyzed polyvinylacetate

Hydrolyzed polyvinylether

better rubbing fastness

Pigment binders (Acrylic

copolymers)

APPLICATION OF PIGMENT

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Evaluation

methods

AATCC“Crockmeter”

Manual Digital

ISO

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troubleshooting

silicones “reduce

crocking fastness”

Dyed polyester

“Acceptable crocking fastness”

Softners “reduce crocking fastness” 23