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© 2007 Altera Corporation—Public
Communications Applications with Gigabit Ethernet Protocol
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© 2007 Altera Corporation—PublicAltera, Stratix, Arria, Cyclone, MAX, HardCopy, Nios, Quartus, and MegaCore are trademarks of Altera Corporation
AgendaAgenda
Gigabit Ethernet overviewEmerging trends in communicationsAltera® Gigabit Ethernet solutionAltera triple-speed Ethernet (TSE) intellectual property (IP) and demo
© 2007 Altera Corporation—Public
Gigabit Ethernet Overview
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© 2007 Altera Corporation—PublicAltera, Stratix, Arria, Cyclone, MAX, HardCopy, Nios, Quartus, and MegaCore are trademarks of Altera Corporation
Ethernet EvolutionEthernet Evolution
1973 1982 1993 1998 2001
3 Mbps
10 Mbps
100 Mbps orFast Ethernet
1 GbE
10 GbE
3,000 Times Growth in Bandwidth
$500
Port Cost/Mbps
$1
Unit Price
User Adoption
Invented in 1973 at Xerox PARC to interconnect Altos workstationsEase of use led to wide adoption and lower costsNearly 97% of computers use Ethernet to connect to InternetConsistently delivered higher performance at lower unit costs
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© 2007 Altera Corporation—PublicAltera, Stratix, Arria, Cyclone, MAX, HardCopy, Nios, Quartus, and MegaCore are trademarks of Altera Corporation
10 GbE: Extending the Reach andApplications of Ethernet10 GbE: Extending the Reach andApplications of Ethernet
Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet− 10/100 Mbps (Fast Ethernet) is universally used to connect computers to Internet− 1 GbE becoming pervasive LAN technology
10 Gigabit Ethernet− Extend reach of Ethernet to data centers, campus backbones, and metropolitan area networks
AggregatingServer Traffic
10 GbE
ConstructingCampus Backbone
Access/MetropolitanNetworks
ServerInterface Cards
1 GbE
AggregatingLAN Traffic
ConnectingWorkstations to LAN
Constructing LANs
Fast Ethernet(100 Mbps)
Classical Ethernet(10 Mbps)
Connecting Laptopsto Internet
10 Km50 Meters 100 Meters 5 Km 40 Km
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© 2007 Altera Corporation—PublicAltera, Stratix, Arria, Cyclone, MAX, HardCopy, Nios, Quartus, and MegaCore are trademarks of Altera Corporation
Enterprise Campus Backbone(10 GbE-Based)Enterprise Campus Backbone(10 GbE-Based)
EthernetSwitch
EthernetSwitch
Mainframe
Servers
EthernetSwitch
AdministrationBuilding
EthernetSwitch
WANRouter
ATM OC-3
Classical Ethernet/Fast Ethernet
1 GbE
10GbECampus Backbone
10GbE L3 Switches
10GbECampus
Backbone
OperationsBuilding
Sales and MarketingBuilding
EngineeringBuilding
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© 2007 Altera Corporation—PublicAltera, Stratix, Arria, Cyclone, MAX, HardCopy, Nios, Quartus, and MegaCore are trademarks of Altera Corporation
Benefits of 10 GbEBenefits of 10 GbE
Cost-effective solution− $10,000 per 10 GbE port− Competitive SONET OC192 solutions range from $64K to
$144K per port
Based on widely deployed 10/100 Mbps and 1 GbE− Wide user acceptance− Well-trained workforce
Can be deployed in all parts of the network− LAN: local area networks− SAN: storage area networks− MAN: metropolitan area networks− WAN: wide area networks
© 2007 Altera Corporation—Public
Emerging Trends in Communications
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© 2007 Altera Corporation—PublicAltera, Stratix, Arria, Cyclone, MAX, HardCopy, Nios, Quartus, and MegaCore are trademarks of Altera Corporation
The Emerging Broadband SupermarketThe Emerging Broadband Supermarket
High-speedInternet”shop”
Telephony”shop”
Broadcast TV”shop”
High-speedInternet
Telephony
Broadcast TV
Bundle Innovate
Entry-level Internetfor PC or TV
Premium speedto network
Premium speedto user
Video telephonyto PC and TV
Video over Internet protocol (VoIP)
Entry-leveltelephony
Personal phone
Networked video recorder
Broadcast TVon-demand
Movies on-demand
Source : Ericsson
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© 2007 Altera Corporation—PublicAltera, Stratix, Arria, Cyclone, MAX, HardCopy, Nios, Quartus, and MegaCore are trademarks of Altera Corporation
IPTV Bandwidth RequirementsIPTV Bandwidth Requirements
• Service mix may vary (eg. voice over IP) or service subsets may be offered
• 2nd HD channel initially to support concurrent home personal video recorder (PVR) recording
• Assumes quality of picture competitive with digital satellite/cable
Source: Alcatel
Mbp
s
HD=High Definition TV SD=Standard Definition TV HSI =High Speed Internet
SD
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
5
10
15
20
25
MPEG-2 MPEG-4/VC1 MPEG-4/VC1Enhancements
MPEG-4/VC1Improvements
SD
SDSDSD
HD
HD
HD
HD
HD
HD
HSI
HSI
HSI
HSIHSI HSI
SDSD
HD
HSI
SD = 2.5 – 3 MBHD = 15 – 19 MB
SD = 1.5 – 2 MB HD = 10 – 12 MB
SD = < 1.5 MB HD = 8 – 10 MB
SD = < 1.5 MB HD = < 7 MB
20 – 25 Mbps Target
Video Services Driving Bandwidth Requirements to the Home
Source : Alcatel
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© 2007 Altera Corporation—PublicAltera, Stratix, Arria, Cyclone, MAX, HardCopy, Nios, Quartus, and MegaCore are trademarks of Altera Corporation
IPTV DistributionIPTV Distribution
National IP Network
Metro BackboneMetro Backbone
GE
AggregationSwitch
2 x GE
GE
GE
VODServer
TV Headend
VODControl
3rd Party ISP
3rd Party ISP
VODServerVOD
Server
POP
B-RAS
Router
L2TP
L2TPInternet
EPONEFMGPON
100BaseFX
BPON
GEGE
GE
GE
Source : Metro Ethernet Forum
Multicast Requirements for Video Driving Ethernet Aggregation Market
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© 2007 Altera Corporation—PublicAltera, Stratix, Arria, Cyclone, MAX, HardCopy, Nios, Quartus, and MegaCore are trademarks of Altera Corporation
DSL Trends: Distributed IP-DSLAMDSL Trends: Distributed IP-DSLAMDistributed intelligence on line card: 1-Gbps network processing unit (NPU)− Local multicast replication ensures quick video response times− Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) snooping, IPv4 forwarding, L2TP tunneling− Flexibility critical
Increased bandwidth requirements driving:− High-speed backplane− Bonded DSL links
Momentum of NPUs targeting DSL line cards threatens FPGA business in DSLAM space
1-Gbps packet processing
SDRAM
SPI-4CSIX
ADSLDSP
UL2 SwitchChips
Ethernetswitching
ADSLDSP
ControlProcessor
GEMACATM over DSL or
EFM (802.3ah)
EthernetMII
Switch/Control CardCoprocessing
ASSP
FPGA
NPU
CPU
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© 2007 Altera Corporation—PublicAltera, Stratix, Arria, Cyclone, MAX, HardCopy, Nios, Quartus, and MegaCore are trademarks of Altera Corporation
Networking TrendsNetworking TrendsEthernet everywhere− Reduction of time division multiplexed (TDM) interfaces on routers/switches− High number of GE/10GE ports: up to 200 GE + 20 10GE per node− High-density line card (24xGE, 48xGE, 4x10GE over-subscribed to 10G packet
processing)
Emergence of Ethernet aggregation− Driven by IPTV and business Ethernet services− Ethernet aggregation switches lower cost of edge router
Simpler header processing causing NPUs to shift focus from router to metro switch, e.g. Xelerated, EZchip, Greenfield NetworksCarrier class failure recovery scheme (< 50 ms) requires proprietary implementation (FPGA)FPGA opportunities for bridge and CoS-aware scheduler
Migration of legacy TDM onto Ethernet networks− Driven by high-margin business services− FPGA for interworking function (ATM, FR, POS, RPR, pseudowire)
CY1
© 2007 Altera Corporation—Public
Altera Gigabit Ethernet Solution
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© 2007 Altera Corporation—PublicAltera, Stratix, Arria, Cyclone, MAX, HardCopy, Nios, Quartus, and MegaCore are trademarks of Altera Corporation
Stratix II GX Advantages for GbEStratix II GX Advantages for GbE
Single device solutionLowest power per laneIEEE 802.3-compliant PCS and PMA− Chip-to-chip− Board-to-board− Backplane− SFP fiber optics
Flexibility− Implement the GbE ports
required by your unique application
1, 2, 3, … 20 ports
GbE
Dat
a I/F
GbE MAC
Data I/FCus
tom
lo
gic
Control
Data
Data
GbE MAC
GbE MAC
GbE MAC
GbE MAC
GbE MAC
10GbE MAC
Switc
h
Data
Data Multi-PortGbE
(up to 20-Ports)
CY2
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© 2007 Altera Corporation—PublicAltera, Stratix, Arria, Cyclone, MAX, HardCopy, Nios, Quartus, and MegaCore are trademarks of Altera Corporation
Stratix II GX Gigabit Ethernet Media Access Control (MAC) SolutionStratix II GX Gigabit Ethernet Media Access Control (MAC) Solutionfrom Altera and MorethanIPfrom Altera and MorethanIP
Full-duplex Gigabit Ethernet MAC
1000Base-X EthernetAtlantic
GbE
MA
CPC
SPM
A
Programmable logicEmbedded (alt2gxb)
Integrated 1000 Base-X PCS and PMAFull implementation of IEEE 802.3 specification and complianceSupports all Stratix® II GX FPGAsAltera AtlanticTM interface to application logicDeveloped by MorethanIP− Over 10 years experience with
Ethernet technologiesDistributed, licensed, and supported by Altera− FREE with Quartus® II software
subscription
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© 2007 Altera Corporation—PublicAltera, Stratix, Arria, Cyclone, MAX, HardCopy, Nios, Quartus, and MegaCore are trademarks of Altera Corporation
TSE MegaCore Feature OverviewTSE MegaCore Feature Overview
MegaWizard II GUI
Flexible and integrated MAC/PHY Ethernet solution− Standalone 10/100/1000Mbps MAC− Standalone PCS− PCS + PMA− 10/100/1000Mbps MAC + PCS + PMA
®
SOPC Builder-readySoftware driver and protocol stack supportIEEE 802.3 complianceUNH validated
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© 2007 Altera Corporation—PublicAltera, Stratix, Arria, Cyclone, MAX, HardCopy, Nios, Quartus, and MegaCore are trademarks of Altera Corporation
Single to multiple port 10/100-Mbps or 1-Gbps Ethernet applicationsLAN and WAN data plane or control plane (embedded system) applicationsChip-to-chip, board-to-board, and inter-system network connectivity
TSE MegaCore FunctionTSE MegaCore Function
OptionalExternalCopper
orOptical
PHY(PMD)
ExternalNetwork
Serializer
CDR &De -Serializer
PMA
8b/10bEncoder
FrameEncapsulation
8b/10bDecoder
De -Encapsulation,Synchronization
Auto Negotiation
PCS
TXControl
RXFIFO
TXFIFO
OptionalExternalCopper
orOptical
PHY(PMD)
ExternalNetwork
FPGA
Serializer
CDR &De-Serializer
PMA
8b/10bEncoder
FrameEncapsulation
8b/10bDecoder
De-Encapsulation,Synchronization
Auto Negotiation
PCS
TXControl
MAC
RXFIFO
TXFIFO
RXControl
STATS
HOSTINT ’FC
MGM ’T
RXControl
STATS
HOSTINT ’FC
MGM ’T
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© 2007 Altera Corporation—PublicAltera, Stratix, Arria, Cyclone, MAX, HardCopy, Nios, Quartus, and MegaCore are trademarks of Altera Corporation
TSE v6.1 MegaWizardTSE v6.1 MegaWizard
MegaWizard II GUI− Parameterize
Capture user optionsProvide resource usage estimationDerive HDL parameter and port information
− GenerateTop-level register transfer level (RTL) variation fileIP functional simulation modelQuartus II software constraint filesHDL testbenches and ModelSimsimulation scripts
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© 2007 Altera Corporation—PublicAltera, Stratix, Arria, Cyclone, MAX, HardCopy, Nios, Quartus, and MegaCore are trademarks of Altera Corporation
Availability – IP CoresAvailability – IP Cores
10 Gigabit EthernetMAC
10GBase-R PCS10GBase-W PCS
AnySpeed MAC Multi-Rate BackplaneTransceiver
10GBase-X XAUI PCS
10/100/1000/2500 MAC
HiGig / HiGig+MAC
10/100/1000 MAC(-NET)10/100/1000 1588 MAC
10Mbps
12.5Gbps
1000/2500Base-X SGMIIPCS
Interface Options
XAUI
XGMII
TBI
RTBI
SGMII
RGMII
GMII
SMII
SSSMII
MII
10/100 MAC
Triple SpeedEthernet MAC
1000/2500Base-X SGMIIPCS
Altera Ethernet Solutions
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© 2007 Altera Corporation—PublicAltera, Stratix, Arria, Cyclone, MAX, HardCopy, Nios, Quartus, and MegaCore are trademarks of Altera Corporation
SummarySummary
Gigabit Ethernet technology pervasive in communications due to aggregation of services Altera provides best-in class FPGAs for Gigabit Ethernet applications− Stratix II GX FPGAs for high-performance systems− Arria™ GX FPGAs for mainstream Gigabit Ethernet applications
Complete solution validated in hardware− IP cores, characterization reports, development boards− Interoperability
CY3
© 2007 Altera Corporation—Public
Altera Triple Speed Ethernet (TSE) MegaCore Demo