Comparing Main Injector Flying Wire proton emittances at 8 and 150 GeV in 

recent stores (after store 6792) with stores before multibatch operation started.

Looking at horizontal emittances since the vertical MI wire is broken. We started having lower than expected initial 

luminosities from store 6737 and on.

Vaia Papadimitriou

March 4, 2009

Trying to find out if the proton transverse emittances from the Booster and Main Injector at 8/150 GeV look different after store 6737 than before. Are they smaller, bigger, do they have more tails, etc. Since we are scraping at 8 GeV at MI, is it possible that the scraping now has different effects than before because the emittances look different? 

9000

9500

10000

10500

11000

11500

12000

12500

13000

13500

14000

14500

15000

6780 6790 6800 6810 6820 6830 6840 6850 6860 6870

# 47 p at MI,  8 GeV (1E09)

# 48 p at MI,  150 GeV after coal. (1E09)

# 49 SBD p at Tev injection (1E09)

Stores 6792‐6862 (Feb. 10‐Mar. 4, 2009)

store number

Intensities

Feb. 28

11

11.5

12

12.5

13

13.5

14

14.5

15

15.5

16

16.5

17

17.5

18

6790 6800 6810 6820 6830 6840 6850 6860 6870

# 75 p H emitt,  MI 8 GeV (pi‐mm‐mrad)

# 76 p H emitt,  MI 150 GeV (pi‐mm‐mrad)

# 77 p H emitt Tev 150,  before ramp (pi‐mm‐mrad)

Stores 6792‐6862 (Feb. 10‐Mar. 4, 2009)

store number

Emittances

Feb. 28

700

720

740

760

780

800

820

840

860

880

900

920

940

960

980

1000

6780 6790 6800 6810 6820 6830 6840 6850 6860 6870

H brightness MI 8

H brightness MI 150

H brighness TeV 150

Stores 6792‐6862 (Feb. 10‐Mar. 4, 2009)

store number

Brightness(Intensity/Emittance)

Feb. 28

In the next pages we look at horizontal emittances as well as centroids, sigmas, amplitudes and χ’s of the Flying Wire profile fits at Main Injector 8 and 150 GeV.  In one page we show results for one of these quantities for single batch operation before store 6737, and in the next results for multibatch operation after the MI 8 GeV emittances were fixed (store 6792).

Stores 6715‐6722 (Jan. 9‐Jan. 12, 2009)

14.5

15

15.5

16

16.5

17

17.5

0 36 72 108 144 180

I:WHEP02[144]

I:WHEP04[216]

Transfer number (36 per store)

Emittances8 GeV

02 is 1st pass04 is 2nd pass

6722 6715

13

13.5

14

14.5

15

15.5

16

16.5

17

17.5

18

18.5

19

0 18 36 54 72 90 108 126 144 162 180 198 216

I:WHEP02[144]

I:WHEP02[145]

I:WHEP04[216]

I:WHEP04[217]

Stores 6792‐6829 (Feb. 10‐Feb. 23, 2009)

Transfer number (18 per store with two bunches each)

Emittances8 GeV

02 is 1st pass04 is 2nd pass

6829

Bigger emitt. difference between 1st and 2nd pass

‐2.3

‐2.2

‐2.1

‐2

‐1.9

‐1.8

‐1.7

‐1.6

‐1.5

‐1.4

0 36 72 108 144 180

I:WHCP02[72]

I:WHCP04[108]

Stores 6715‐6722 (Jan. 9‐Jan. 12, 2009)

Transfer number (36 per store)

Centroids8 GeV

6722

02 is 1st pass04 is 2nd pass

Stores 6792‐6829 (Feb. 10‐Feb. 23, 2009)Centroids

8 GeV

‐3

‐2.5

‐2

‐1.5

‐1

‐0.5

0 18 36 54 72 90 108 126 144 162 180 198 216

I:WHCP02[72]

I:WHCP02[73]

I:WHCP04[108]

I:WHCP04[109]

Transfer number (18 per store with two bunches each)

6829

02 is 1st pass04 is 2nd passBigger difference in centroids between 1st and 2nd pass.

Why the flipping between 1st and 2nd pass?(Not always correlated with odd or even number of corrresponding pbar transfers)

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

0 36 72 108 144 180

I:WHFP02[72]

I:WHFP04[108]

Stores 6715‐6722 (Jan. 9‐Jan. 12, 2009)

Transfer number (36 per store)

χ2’s of fit8 GeV6722

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

0 18 36 54 72 90 108 126 144 162 180 198 216

I:WHFP02[72]

I:WHFP02[73]

I:WHFP04[108]

I:WHFP04[109]

Stores 6792‐6829 (Feb. 10‐Feb. 23, 2009)χ2’s of fit8 GeV

Transfer number (18 per store with two bunches each)

6829

The χ2’s are quitedifferent for the 1st and 2nd bunch/batch.

0.7

0.75

0.8

0.85

0.9

0.95

0 36 72 108 144 180

I:WHIP02[72]

I:WHIP04[108]

Stores 6715‐6722 (Jan. 9‐Jan. 12, 2009)

Transfer number (36 per store)

amplitude of fit

(1st pass expectedto have bigger amp.)

8 GeV6722

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0 18 36 54 72 90 108 126 144 162 180 198 216

I:WHIP02[72]

I:WHIP02[73]

I:WHIP04[108]

I:WHIP04[109]

Stores 6792‐6829 (Feb. 10‐Feb. 23, 2009)amplitude of fit

(1st pass expectedto have bigger amp.)

8 GeV

Transfer number (18 per store with two bunches each)

6829Why 1st and 2nd bunch have systematicallydifferent amplitudes?

Is the integrator reset to 0before the 2nd bunch?J. Zagel will check.

3.55

3.6

3.65

3.7

3.75

3.8

3.85

3.9

0 36 72 108 144 180

I:WHSP02[72]

I:WHSP04[108]

Stores 6715‐6722 (Jan. 9‐Jan. 12, 2009)

Transfer number (36 per store)

Sigmas of fit8 GeV

6722

3.2

3.3

3.4

3.5

3.6

3.7

3.8

3.9

4

0 18 36 54 72 90 108 126 144 162 180 198 216

I:WHSP02[72]

I:WHSP02[73]

I:WHSP04[108]

I:WHSP04[109]

Stores 6792‐6829 (Feb. 10‐Feb. 23, 2009)Sigmas of fit

8 GeV

Transfer number (18 per store with two bunches each)

6829

Store 6825, 1st injection

Store 6825, 2nd injection

Store 6825, 9th injection

12.5

13

13.5

14

14.5

15

15.5

16

0 36 72 108 144 180

I:WHEP03[289]

I:WHEP05[361]

Stores 6715‐6722 (Jan. 9‐Jan. 12, 2009)

Transfer number (36 per store)

Emittances150 GeV

03 is 1st pass05 is 2nd pass

6722

13

13.5

14

14.5

15

15.5

16

0 18 36 54 72 90 108 126 144 162 180 198 216

I:WHEP03[290]

I:WHEP03[291]

I:WHEP05[362]

I:WHEP05[363]

Stores 6792‐6829 (Feb. 10‐Feb. 23, 2009)Emittances150 GeV

03 is 1st pass05 is 2nd pass

Transfer number (18 per store with two bunches each)

6829

Stores 6715‐6722 (Jan. 9‐Jan. 12, 2009)

Transfer number (36 per store)

Centroids150 GeV

‐1.34

‐1.32

‐1.3

‐1.28

‐1.26

‐1.24

‐1.22

0 36 72 108 144 180

I:WHCP03[145]

I:WHCP05[181]

6722

Stores 6792‐6829 (Feb. 10‐Feb. 23, 2009)Centroids

150 GeV

‐1.4

‐1.3

‐1.2

‐1.1

‐1

0 18 36 54 72 90 108 126 144 162 180 198 216

I:WHCP03[146]

I:WHCP03[147]

I:WHCP05[182]

I:WHCP05[183]

Transfer number (18 per store with two bunches each)

6829

No difference here between 1st and 2nd pass

Stores 6715‐6722 (Jan. 9‐Jan. 12, 2009)

Transfer number (36 per store)

χ2’s of fit150 GeV

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2

0 36 72 108 144 180

I:WHFP03[145]

I:WHFP05[181]

6722

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

0.4

0.45

0.5

0 18 36 54 72 90 108 126 144 162 180 198 216

I:WHFP03[146]

I:WHFP03[147]

I:WHFP05[182]

I:WHFP05[183]

Stores 6792‐6829 (Feb. 10‐Feb. 23, 2009)χ2’s of fit150 GeV

Transfer number (18 per store with two bunches each)

6829

Stores 6715‐6722 (Jan. 9‐Jan. 12, 2009)

Transfer number (36 per store)

amplitude of fit

(1st pass expectedto have bigger amp)

150 GeV

0.7

0.75

0.8

0.85

0.9

0.95

0 36 72 108 144 180

I:WHIP03[145]

I:WHIP05[181]

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

0.4

0.45

0.5

0.55

0.6

0 18 36 54 72 90 108 126 144 162 180 198 216

I:WHIP03[146]

I:WHIP03[147]

I:WHIP05[182]

I:WHIP05[183]

Stores 6792‐6829 (Feb. 10‐Feb. 23, 2009)amplitude of fit

(1st pass expectedto have bigger amp)

150 GeV

Transfer number (18 per store with two bunches each)

6829 Why 1st and 2nd bunch have systematicallydifferent amplitudes?

Is the integrator reset to 0before the 2nd bunch?

Stores 6715‐6722 (Jan. 9‐Jan. 12, 2009)

Transfer number (36 per store)

Sigmas of fit150 GeV

0.82

0.83

0.84

0.85

0.86

0.87

0.88

0.89

0.9

0.91

0 36 72 108 144 180

I:WHSP03[145]

I:WHSP05[181]

Stores 6792‐6829 (Feb. 10‐Feb. 23, 2009)Sigmas of fit

150 GeV

0.83

0.84

0.85

0.86

0.87

0.88

0.89

0.9

0.91

0.92

0 18 36 54 72 90 108 126 144 162 180 198 216

I:WHSP03[146]

I:WHSP03[147]

I:WHSP05[182]

I:WHSP05[183]

Transfer number (18 per store with two bunches each)

6829

Conclusions

The MI 8 GeV proton intensities were gradually decreasing in the period Feb. 10 - Feb. 23 but they appear to be constant between Feb. 23 and Mar. 4, 2009. The 8 GeV proton emittances, averages of two batches and two passes, had a decreasing slope in the above time periods but the 8 GeV brightness remained constant.

The MI 150 and TeV 150 proton emittances started becoming smaller after Feb 23 (except from the very last store) and the corresponding beams became brighter.

The study revealed several interesting and unexpected features in the emittance measurements, especially during proton multibatch operation.

Conclusions

For example, the fit amplitudes were significantly different between the 1st and 2nd proton batch at both 8 and 150 GeV and J. Zagel found out that this was due to the fact that the integrator was not resetting to 0 after the 1st batch. An amplitude plot is shown at next page using two stores after the integrator hold time reduction on March 3. There is certainly an improvement after the fix.

Sigmas, emittances, centroids have been exhibiting bigger differences than before between the 1st and 2nd

wire pass at 8 GeV. There have been as well χ2

differences for the fits of the 1st and 2nd batch. We will monitor these features carefully in the stores

after the integrator hold time adjustment.

0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.1

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.2

0 18 36

I:WHIP02[72]

I:WHIP02[73]

I:WHIP04[108]

I:WHIP04[109]

Stores 6856 and 6862 (Mar. 3 and 4, 2009)

amplitude of fit8 GeV

Transfer number (18 per store with two bunches each)

6862

After the integrator hold time was reducedfrom 200 ns to 100 ns.Significantly smaller difference now between1st and 2nd batch. Both amplitudes are now small though.Will keep watching this with more statistics.