Post on 30-Dec-2015
transcript
Overview
• Introduction
• Methods of Analysis
• Important Findings of Paper
• Causes for the Differences Between the Two Scenarios
• Questions
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Introduction
• Comparison of Two ICT Solutions: Desktop PC versus Thin client computing
• Written by Daniel Maga, Markus Hiebel and Christian Knermann - Published September 2012
• Compares traditional desktop PC computing model to thin client model:
― Environmental Perspective
― Highlights and explains the differences
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IntroductionDesktop PC Thin Client Computing
• Standalone device• Network connection not essential
• Server performs all computational functions
• Needs a network connection
Vs.
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Methods of Analysis
2 methods used to measure environmental impacts of ICT products throughout their lifecycle
1. Methodology for Ecodesign of Energy-related products (MEErp) – emissions & Global Warming Potential (GWP)
2. Material Input Per Service (MIPS) – Materials used in lifecycle (Material, water & air)
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1. Important Findings• Negative Impact to the environment caused by Desktop PC
model is significantly greater than Thin Client computing
Thin Client Desktop PC Saving0
100
200
300
400
500
600
141
412
270
528
Entire Lifecycle CO2e Emissions – MEErp Method
Scenario 1 Scenario 2
kgs
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1. Important Findings
Material Water Air Total0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
1285
18000
191
19476
3132
39000
389
42521
Entire Lifecycle - MIPS Method
Thin Client Desktop PC
kgs
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Thin Client Savings• Material 1.8 tonnes• Water 21 tonnes• Air 0.2 tonnes
2. Important Finding
Materials Extraction & Production
Manufacturing Distribution Use End of Life-100
0
100
200
300
400
500
3810 15
110
-20
128
30 40
420
-80
Greenhouse Gas Emissions (CO2e)
Thin Client Desktop PC
kgs
• The use stage represents the biggest impact to the environment – use of electricity
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3. Important Finding 10
• Regardless of model still potential for further improvements
Further Improvements
Eco-Design initiatives
Improvements in virtualisation, cloud computing benefits for both models
Help to reduce the demand for energy and resources
e.g. Coating on rear panel of thin client results in high emissions.
Causes for the Differences Between the Two Scenarios
Materials Extraction & Production
Stage
• Thin Client vs. Desktop PC• 38 kg CO2e vs. 128 kg
CO2e
• 400 kg vs. 1400 kg of materials
• 2.7kg vs.12.7 kg
CausesLess electronics used in thin clients - surface-mounted devices, integrated circuits,and copper–nickel alloys
No hard drive, minimal RAM, less I/O ports, CD drive in thin client
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Causes for the Differences Between the Two Scenarios
Use Stage
• Thin Client vs. Desktop PC• 110 kg vs. 420 kg CO2e
• 271.1 kWh vs. 707.63 kWh
CausesServer performs all computation of thin client – energy savings multiplied by no. of client.
Workplace attitude – 30% of systems not turned off at night or never turned off
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