Comparisons

ArchitecturePlease compare each of the images represented in these pairs—you are being offered three different sets of buildings to consider.

What is most significant?Think about the rationales (reasons)

for the architect’s decisions.

Amiens Cathedralfacadebegun in 1220; almost “complete” by 1375

façade of Church of Sant’AndreaLeon Battista Alberti designed 1470

Amiens CathedralAmiens, France1220-1288floor plan

PalladioVilla Rotunda1550elevation

Abbey Church of Saint-DenisSaint-Denis, France 1140-44

Standing in the choir, looking northeast at about 1:30.

The Spedale degli Innocenti was a foundling children’s orphanage established in 1419 and designed by Filippo Brunelleschi.

Brunelleschi Dome of Florence Cathedral 1417-36

Donato BramanteTempietto 1502-1510

PerspectiveHow does each artist attempt to represent a sense of depth (three-dimensional space) in his work of art?

Please compare the works of art using the slides as your basis for discussion.

You should discuss both the similarities you notice as well as the differences. An outstanding answer will use specific terms and will link assertions to specific visual evidence.

Lamentation (The Pieta)

Giotto di BondoneArena Chapel Padua, Italyfor the Scrovegni family c. 1304-1313

detail: Effects of Good Government in the CountrysideAmbrogio Lorenzetti Allegory of the Good Government1338-40 fresco Palazzo Pubblico, Siena

Paolo UccelloBernardino della Ciarda Thrown Off His Horse from The Battle of San

Romano1450stempera on wood, 182 x 220 cmGalleria degli Uffizi, Florence

Leonardo da Vinci Annunciation 1472-1475 tempera on panel

Raphael The School of Athens 1509fresco, width at the base 770 cm Stanza della Segnatura, Palazzi Pontifici, Vatican

Hunters in the Snow (January) Pieter Bruegel the Elder

MediumsHow does the medium which each artist used affect the final finished work of art?

In other words, what do you notice about each work? How has the medium affected what the artist is able to do or not do?

You should discuss both the similarities you notice as well as the differences. An outstanding answer will use specific terms and will link assertions to specific visual evidence.

DuccioMadonna and Child with Six Angels1300-05

Roger van der Weyden Portrait of a Lady1460

Piero della FrancescaPortrait of Battista Sforza1465-66

Leonardo da Vinci The Mona Lisa

1503

Michelangelo

The Sistine Chapel (Capella Sistina), Vatican

1510

The Creation of Adam

Antonio del PollaiuoloBattle of the Nudes1465-70

St Jerome in his StudyAlbrecht Dürer 1514engraving

Patronage and PoliticsHow does each work of art reflect or represent the patron’s desires or intentions?

Giotto di BondoneArena Chapel Padua, Italy c. 1304-1313

Detail of Enrico Scrovegni from The Last Judgement fresco.•

Ambrogio Lorenzetti Allegory of the Good Government1338-40 Palazzo Pubblico, Sienafresco

Nanni di Banco Four Crowned Martyrs1410-1413Church of Orsanmichele

Jan van EyckPortrait of Giovanni Arnolfini and His Wife, Giovanna Cenami1434

Hugo van der GoesPortinari Altarpiece 1476Patron: Tommaso Portinari; he managed the Medici bank in Bruges. Eventually, Portinari took this eight-foot tall altarpiece back to Florence with him, where he installed the altarpiece in the family chapel in the Church of Sant’Egidio in Florence. This work has a tremendous impact on Florentine artists like Ghirlandaio.

DonatelloJudith and Holofernes 1455-60BronzePalazzo Vecchio, Florence

MichelangeloDavid

c. 1501-1504marble

RaphaelPope Leo X with Cardinals Giulio

de' Medici and Luigi de' Rossi1518-19

oil on wood

The Four ApostlesAlbrecht Dürer1526oil on lindenwood

This painting marks Durer’s conversion to Protestantism.Note in the foreground: Paul and John, who were the favorites of Martin Luther.Peter who holds a key and is considered the founder of the Catholic Church is situated behind John.John is holding a bible that is open to a passage that reads, “in the beginning was the word, and the word was God…” Paul in the foreground also holds a book. Mark is behind Paul; Mark looks over his shoulder suspiciously. Paul wrote, the just shall live by faith alone.” Note the monumentality—like Giotto…

Who is taller? What does “height” argue? That the “book” is more important than key. Note, Paul stares directly at the viewer. This work was given to the town elders of Nuremburg—there was no patron. Durer chose to make these images.

The Human FormPlease discuss what the human form is meant to argue or represent in each of these works.

Please compare these two works of art using the slides as your basis for discussion.

You should discuss both the similarities you notice as well as the differences. An outstanding answer will use specific terms and will link assertions to specific visual evidence.

Sandro BotticelliThe Birth of Venus

1484-86

DonatelloSt Mary Magdalenc. 1457wood

Jan van EyckAdam and Eve

from The Ghent Altarpiece1432

MasaccioThe Expulsion from Paradise 1426-27

fresco cycle in the Brancacci Chapel in the Church of Santa del Carmine in Florence

Rogier van der Weyden Deposition 1442

Matthias GrunewaldIsenheim Altarpiecec. 1515 oil on wood panel

center panel

Lorenzo GhibertiThe Sacrifice of Isaac1401bronze doors for the Florence Cathedral Baptistery

BronzinoPortrait of a Young Man1540-1545oil on wood panel

in situDiscuss how the context of these works

affects these pieces.If appropriate, please consider how the context affects the actual object that was made, the argument that the work makes because of its context, and the problem that the

context created as well as the solution that the artist created to this contextual challenge.

Hans MemlingMartyrdom of Saint Ursula1489

Domenico GhirlandaioSassetti ChapelChurch of Santa Trinita Florence1482-1486

Resurrection of the BoyAdoration of the MagiSassetti Patrons

MasaccioTrinity 1425-28Fresco, 667 x 317 cmSanta Maria Novella, Florence

Fran Angelico

view of a cell1440-41Annunciation

Fresco, 190 x 164 cmConvento di San Marco,

Florence

perspective

Please discuss how the perspective is represented in these works.

If appropriate, please discuss the development of perspective as evidenced by these three different representations of space;

consider not only how perspective is rendered but also what the artist seemed to be privileging or using perspective to argue.

Giotto

Virgin and Christ Enthroned

1310

for the main altar of the Church of the Ognissanti, Florence

Giotto The Lamentation (The Pieta)Arena Chapel Padua, Italy

Rogier van der Weyden Deposition 1442

October

Limbourg Brothers(Paul, Herman, Jean)Tres Riches Heures 1413-1416

Paolo UccelloBernardino della Ciarda Thrown Off His Horse

1450sTempera on wood, 182 x 220 cm

Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

DonatelloHerod's Banquet1427bronzeBaptistry, Siena

Perugino Delivery of the Keys to Saint Peter 1481fresco on the right wall of the Sistine Chapel, Vatican, Rome

light

Please discuss what light is meant to argue, represent, or accomplish in each of these works.

Rheims Cathedral begun in 1211; almost “complete” by 1285

Robert CampinMerode Altarpiece1425-1428

central panel: Annunciation

detail: The NativityGentile da FabrianoAdoration of the MagiSanta Trinita, Florence1423

Dream of ConstantinePiero della Francesca fresco cycle The Legend of the True Cross Bacci Chapel, Church of San Francesco, Arezzo1454-1458

The Temptation of Saint Anthony by Hieronymus Bosch

The Temptation of Saint Anthony Hieronymus Bosch

detail of the central panel

Gothic versus early RenaissanceWhy can one piece be considered Gothic while the other definitely demonstrates the humanistic concerns and/or artistic developments of the Renaissance?

In other words: what do you see? How can you use this visual evidence as a basis for categorization?

Gothic Sculptor, Frenchfigures on the north transept1200-10stoneCathedral, Chartres

Lorenzo Ghiberti

Sacrifice of Isaac

competition panel for the east doors of the Baptistery of

FlorenceCathedral1401-1402

Giotto di BondoneArena Chapel Padua, Italyfor the Scrovegni family

The Lamentation(The Pieta)

Rogier van der Weyden Deposition 1442

Matthias GrunewaldLamentation of Christ

before 1523oil on pine wood

36 x 136 cm

Lorenzo GhibertiSt John the Baptist1412-16bronzeChurch of Orsanmichele

Donatello St. Markc. 1411 marbleOrsanmichele, Florence

MichelangeloMoses1515marble