Compounds, Mixtures, & Solutions

transcript

Compounds, Mixtures, &

Solutions

Update your Table of Contents Write your homework – leave it to be

stamped Get your homework out to be checked –

we will go over it! Get ready for a Quick Chemistry Recap!

WARM - UP

Date Session#

Activity Page#

9/26-9/27

12 Compounds, Mixtures & Solutions Reading

Quick Comprehension Stations 20

Group/Family Name

Alkali Metals

Alkaline Metals

Boron Family

Carbon Family

Nitrogen Family

Oxygen Family

Halogens Noble Gases

Group/Family Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

# of Valence Electrons 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

# of empty spaces for e- 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Giver or Stealer of e- G G G BOTH S S S N/A

Type of ion formed

CATION CATION CATION BOTH ANION ANION ANION N/A

Charge of ion formed +1 +2 +3 +4/-4 -3 -2 -1 N/A

Group # they bond with 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 N/A

Ion “Cheater” Chart Double Check

Equation Challenge-

H2O(liquid) H2O(gas)Same molecule on each side of the equation – structure or identity stayed the sameOne side has liquid water, the other side has gaseous water – phase changeNo bonds were broken – PHYSICAL CHANGE

CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2OSame elements on each side of the equation – BUT structure or identity has changedDifferent compounds have formed on each side of the equationThere have been chemical bonds broken, atoms rearranged, & new bonds created – CHEMICAL CHANGE

Notes Away – Whiteboards Out

Number 1, 2, 3

Everything is _________.

All MATTER is made of _______.

An ____________ is a substance made up of only 1 type of ATOM.

Basics -1 min

MATTER

ELEMENT

All ELEMENTS are displayed on the ____________________…simplest substances; ingredients for everything else on Earth

Each ELEMENT belongs to a KINGDOM, either the ____________________________ AND A ___________ with similar characteristics

Periodic Table – 2 min

PERIODIC TABLE

METALS, METALLOIDS, OR NONMETALSGROUP

Each element or group of elements has its very own set of physical and chemical properties (characteristics) What are all 8 physical properties? What are all 4 chemical properties?

These properties can lead to physical and chemical changes…ONE of those changes is chemical BONDING!

Physical & Chemical – 3 min/1min

Ionic Bonds – 2 facts & 1 example◦Metal & Nonmetal (2 ions)◦Transfer electrons◦Examples: NaCl (salt)

Covalent Bonds – 2 facts & 1 example◦2 Nonmetals◦Share electrons◦Example: H2O (water)

Bonding Basics – 2 min/1min

MOST ELEMENTS WANT TO COMBINE

NATURALLY, BUT WHAT FORMS WHEN

THEY DO?

Compound Mixture Solution

What’s the difference?

When 2 or more substances combine, 3

things can happen:

Read the “Compounds, Mixtures, and Solutions article, and use it to answer the questions.

You may read & complete the questions with your group.

Working effectively as a GROUP = bonus tokens

Compounds, Mixtures, Solutions

Visit each station and describe what you see using as many vocabulary terms from the article as you can…I want scientific explanations – (that means use vocabulary!!)

Each station has multiple explanations…token time!!

Quick Comprehension Stations

Part 1: Have your parent log on to Power School and check your grade. THEN, have them sign in your agenda that they have checked your grade.

Part 2: Elements, Compounds & Mixtures Identification Worksheet

Homework:

stamped Get your homework out to be checked –

tape the worksheet into page 22! On page 21 divide your page into 4

squares – label them Element, Compound, Mixture, Solution

WARM - UP

Date Session#

Activity Page#

9/30-10/1

13 Element, Compound, Mixture, Solution 4-Square

Elements, Compounds & Mixtures Identification Worksheet (Homework from previous class)

Study Guide Part 1 23

Element Compound

4-Square (page 21)

Mixture Solution

MUST be on the Periodic Table OF ELEMENTS

Pure substances made of only one type of atom

Combine to form all other types of matter

Examples: Silver Calcium Oxygen

Elements:

What Does it Look Like Chemically? Single atoms of

ONE pure element

Molecules of ONE pure element

Two or more elements combine during a chemical reaction

Must be combined in specific ratios Chemical Change/Reaction

Examples: Water Salt Sugar

Compounds:

2 or more ELEMENTS that are CHEMICALLY bonded to one another

What Does it Look Like Chemically?

What is evidence

that a chemical

reaction is happening

again?

Compounds are formed or separated through chemical reactions…

Combines 2 or more substances without producing a chemical reaction

NOT the same throughout - heterogeneous

Basic mixtures can be separated easily

Examples: Soil Fruit salad

Physical Change

Mixture

2 or more SUBSTANCES MIXED together, but NOT chemically bonded.

A type of HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE – different throughout

Particles will not dissolve, (insoluble) or are suspended

Examples: Italian dressing Snow globe

Suspension:

A type of HOMOGENOUS MIXTURE - same throughout

Can be solids, liquids or gases Solute- substance being dissolved Solvent- substance doing the dissolving

Examples: Salt water Lemonade

Physical Change

Solution:

Salt = Solute

Water= Solvent

Salt Water= Solutio

It is also a mixture of 2 or more SUBSTANCES, but the particles will be evenly distributed throughout (homogenous)

A type of HOMOGENEOUS SOLUTION Have an “in between” texture

Examples: Jell-O Pudding

Colloid:

Take a look at the homework…make corrections if they are wrong!

I will show you a picture and your team will have 15 seconds to figure out what it is and write it down on your white board…YOU GET ONE CHANCE!

Your answer will be one of the following: Element Compound Mixture Solution

Your team will get a token in your cup for each picture you get correct!

Goal: For your team to collect as many tokens in your cup as possible to win the candy!

In it to WIN it!

Cool Whip

Element, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Methane – CH4

Lemonade

Element, Compound, Mixture, or Solution?

Copper

Silver

Gasoline

Neon Gas in the Sign

Pebbles

Kool-Aid

Hydrogen Peroxide

Oxygen

Lucky Charms Cereal

Diamond

THE LAST CHALLENGE!

Make sure you are on the Double Reaction Lab Quiz side of the paper!

Double Reaction Lab Quiz + Sum It Up = FORMAL GRADE

Double Reaction Lab Quiz

Group Roles Leader: Reads the directions, keeps group

on task and following directionsMaterials/Clean Up: collects, returns,

cleans and disposes of materialsData Discussion Leader: Ensures there is a

conversation about each question to share information.

Quality Management: Ensures every student has detailed quality answers written in complete sentences using scientific language & turns their lab guide in with their name on it!

Quick one question assessment to make sure you understand the difference between an element, compound, mixture and solution

MAKE SURE YOUR “QM” CHECKS FOR NAMES ON EACH SHEET AND TURNS THEM IN TO THE BASKET!

Sum It Up!

Take a Science Textbook off the shelf

Write your name in it While you work on your Study Guide Part 1, I will come around to record the number you have taken

THEN…TAKE IT HOME AND LEAVE IT THERE!

Science Textbooks

Parent acknowledgement of your grade!

Chemistry Test 2 coming up soon!

Finish Study Guide Part 1

HOMEWORK:

stamped Get your homework out to be checked – it

should be taped into page 23! Look at the last question on the

homework & discuss your answer with your group.

WARM - UP

Date Session#

Activity Page#

10/2-10/3

14 BIG QUESTION Quick Writes 1- 3 24

Unknown Substances Chart & Quick Write 4

Chemistry Test 2 date has changed!!!

Was on Friday 10/4Now is on Tuesday 10/8

Important Announcement

In your paper bag there are 4 similar objects.

Choose 1 person to stick their hand in the bag WITHOUT looking…they will have to pull out what I ask for!

How did you know you had the right object?

“Paper Bag Properties”

If you have one or more unidentified substances, what could you do to start identifying them?

ANSWER:By their physical & chemical properties!

BIG QUESTION:

Quick Write 1: Tell Me EverythingYou Can About this Substance!

DID YOU HAVE…◦Compound◦Two elements bonded◦Carbon & Hydrogen◦Flammable◦Covalent bond◦2 nonmetals◦Full valence shell-Hydrogen 1 valence,

Carbon 4 valence◦WHAT ELSE?

Quick Write 1: Tell Me EverythingYou Can About this Substance!

Methane – CH4

Quick Write 2: Tell Me Everything You Can About this Substance!

DID YOU HAVE…◦Shiny◦Metallic◦Flammable◦Gives off light◦Silver/gray◦Malleable◦Looks sharp◦Temperature change◦WHAT ELSE?

Quick Write 2: Tell Me Everything You Can About this Substance!

Magnesium

I’m thirsty and need water to survive, but have 3 beakers of clear liquid…how can I start identifying what they are so I can have something to drink?

Discuss with your group & record what your options are/steps you would take to identify the water!

Quick Write 3: “Science Survivor”

You will get a chart with 10 UNKNOWN substances.

BUT, you also have 2 copies of a list of KNOWN substances and some of their properties.

Use the list of KNOWN substances to figure out what your UNKNOWN substances are.

Unknown Substances Practice Chart

There is a deposit of silver mixed with sulfur. Silver has a density of 10.5 g/cm3 and a melting point of 962 degrees Celsius. Sulfur has a density of 2.07 g/cm3 and a melting point of 115 degrees Celsius. How can these physical properties be used to separate silver and sulfur?

Heat the mixture until the sulfur melts. The solid silver will sink to the bottom because it is denser and can be removed leaving the liquid sulfur behind.

Quick Write 4: The Challenge

Get Ready for Vocab Bingo!Physical PropertyPhysical ChangeDensitySolubilityMalleabilityMelting PointBoiling PointMagnetismConductivitySpecific HeatChemical PropertyChemical Change

PrecipitateReactivity with OxygenFlammabilityToxicityChemical ReactivityIonic BondCovalent BondMoleculeOctet RuleCompoundMixtureSolution

SolventSoluteSuspensionColloidDiluteConcentratedSaturatedUnsaturatedHeterogeneousHomogeneousValence Electrons

Finish Study Guide Part 2 & start to STUDY FOR YOUR TEST!!!!

Homework

stamped Get your homework out to be checked – I

want to go over them and answer any questions you might have!

WARM - UP

Date Session#

Activity Page#

10/4 15 Adopt-An-Element Directions/Rubric (A-Day ONLY)

Let’s go over the answers to Parts 1, 2 & 3

Study Guide Part 1

Compounds, Mixtures, & Solutions

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