Post on 13-Feb-2017
transcript
Consolidated Final Progress Report 2010-11 to
2012-13 DAC-ICARDA-ICAR Collaborative Project
on
“Enhancing Lentil Production for Food, Nutritional Security
and Improved Rural Livelihoods”
Submitted to
National Food Security Mission
Department of Agriculture & Cooperation (Crop Division) Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India
Submitted by
International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA)
South Asia & China Regional Program (SACRP), New Delhi
In collaboration with Indian institutions
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Table of Contents
S. No. Items Page No.
i. General Information 3
ii. Executive Summary 4-5
1. Introduction 6-10
2. Villages and Area Coverage 11-12
3. Participatory Rural Appraisal 12-13
4. Technological Interventions 13-14
5. Activities and Achievements
5.1 ICARDA South Asia & China Regional Program, New Delhi
5.2 Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam
5.3 Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar
5.4 Society for Promotion of Agricultural Research &
Knowledge, Patna, Bihar
5.5 Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur, U.P.
5.6 Pulses & Oilseeds Research Station, Berhampore, W.B.
5.7 Madhyamgram Ecofriendly Sustainable Agril. Development
Mission (MESADM), Nadia, W.B.
15-44
6. Comparative Study on Normal V/S Paira/Relay Cropping 44-46
7. Area Covered Under Rice-Fallow 46-47
8. Studies on Yield Advantage 47-51
9. Selection of Farmer- Preferred Varieties through FPVS 51-52
10. Yield with Technological Interventions Over Local, State and National Average
52
11. Quality Seed Production 52-57
12. Creation of Seed Hubs for Seed Security 57-58
13. Beyond the Boundaries 58
14. Enhancing Knowledge Through Capacity Development 58-61
15. Monitoring and Evaluation of Project 61-64
16. Publication of Extension Materials 64
17. Media Reportage 65
18. Spread of Improved Varieties 66-67
19. Economic Impact of Pilot Project 68-70
20. Scientific Personnel Involved 71-72
21. Acknowledgement 73
22. Annexure (i-xii) 74-137
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(i) General Information
1. Title of Project : “Enhancing Lentil Production for Food, Nutritional
Security & Improved Rural Livelihoods”
2. Sanction No. & date : CPS No. – 5 – 25/2009 NFSM dt. 25th August 2010
(DAC – NFSM – Pulse)
3. Name of Coordinator : Dr. Ashutosh Sarker Coordinator ICARDA South Asia & China Reg. Program NASC Complex, DPS Marg, Pusa Campus New Delhi- 110012
4. Report Period : 2010-2011 to 2012–13 (3 years)
5. Participating Institutions:
i. ICARDA South Asia & China Regional Program, New Delhi
ii. Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam
iii. Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar
iv. Society for Promotion of Agricultural Research & Knowledge (SPARK), Patna, Bihar
v. Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh
vi. Pulses & Oilseeds Research Station, Berhampore, West Bengal
vii. Madhyamgram Eco-friendly Sustainable Agril. Development Mission (MESADM),
Nadia, West Bengal
6. General Objectives
Enhancing productivity of lentil and establish it as a second crop in rice-fallows to break mono-cropping, thus increasing cropping intensity
Production and distribution of quality seeds of farmer-preferred lentil varieties along with production technologies (conservation technologies, seed priming, weed control, foliar spray of urea, etc.)
Improve capacity at field levels for farmer-participatory adaptive research and technology transfer for adoption and expansion of improved lentil production technologies
Empowerment of farmers and participating local institutions to establish village-based seed system(s) to achieve self-sufficiency in seeds of farmer-preferred, improved varieties of lentil at the village level
Back-up research for further improvement of lentil varieties and refinement of production technologies.
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(ii) Executive Summary
The DAC-ICARDA-ICAR collaborative project on “Enhancing lentil production for food,
nutritional security & improved rural livelihoods” sanctioned under NFSM-Pulses was
implemented in four states (Assam, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal) during 2010-11
to 2012-13, with the following major objectives:
- Enhancement of Lentil productivity.
- Production & distribution of quality seeds of improved lentil varieties.
- Capacity building of farmers for better production of pulses in general & lentil in particular for
food & nutritional security.
- Identification and selection of farmers-preferred lentil varieties along with their production &
dissemination.
Highlights of achievements (2010-13)
In all, 136 villages were adopted with participation of 4307 farmers in 9 districts of 4 States
under the Project
Participatory demonstration area under the Project has been 1655.4 ha (243.8 ha during
2010-11; 527.2 ha during 2011-12 and 884.4 ha during 2012-13) with introduction of 8-10
recently developed improved varieties.
Sixteen number of Village-Based Seed Hubs were established under the project at various
sites. The seeds produced by farmers through these VBSEs are being supplied to State
Seed Corporations (SSC) and National Seed Corporations (NSC).
Lentil seed produced with certification from State Seed Certifying Agencies 4752.8 qtls
(876.0 qt during 2010-11; 1404.6 qt during 2011-12 and 2472.2 qt during 2012-13) were
produced by participating farmer. Besides this, 8692.9 qtls (1090.0 qt during 2010-11;
1589.9 qt during 2011-12 and 6012.9 qt during 2012-13) TL seed of different varieties were
produced.
Lentil in Rice- fallows covered an area of 584.3 ha.
Lentil crop has been introduced in Manipur, Nagaland, Mizorum and Meghalaya and two
districts of West Bengal outside project area. During 2012-13, 66.0 qt lentil seeds were
supplied to the State of Tripura by ICARDA, New Delhi depicts the enthusiasm among
farmers, for lentil cultivation.
Impact of improved variety and technological interventions was assessed separately and
jointly vis-a-vis farmers’ local seed and technology. The yield advantages of improved
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variety, improved technology alone was 10-20%, 25-45% respectively while improved variety
combined with technological interventions depicted 30-65% higher yield over farmers’ variety
cultivated with farmers’ practice.
Spread of introduced improved varieties from farmers to farmers has occurred across the
boundaries of participating villages, blocks, districts and States.
Out of 5417 ha area under lentil cultivation in 136 villages, where project was under
operation, 2880 ha area has been brought under new improved lentil varieties in past 3
years of project implementation, thus making 53.16% VRR/SRR.
The district-wise and year-wise, economic gain to farmers and society clearly depicts that
the investment in the pilot project implementation under NFSM-Pulses has given several fold
higher returns to the society in short term (during the project period itself). The investment
of one rupee in this pilot project has given return of 4.39 rupees.
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1. Introduction Lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus Subsp culinaris) is one of the major rabi pulse grown in India
since time immemorial. It contributes significantly to food, feed and sustainable farming
systems and contains high amount of digestible protein (upto 35%), macro and micro-
nutrients, particularly Iron and Zinc and Vitamins, thus providing nutritional security to
consumers. Lentil straw is a valuable animal feed as it has high digestibility, protein, Calcium
and Phosphorous compared to wheat straw and is highly palatable as well. Its cultivation
improves soil health by adding nitrogen, carbon and organic matter, thus provides
sustainability to the cereal-based cropping systems. Lentil occupies 1.60 Million hectares of
area with the total production of 0.94 Million Tonnes. The crop can be grown on a variety of
soils (light loams, alluvial and black cotton soils) and is mostly cultivated under rainfed
condition. In the last three decades, the area of Lentil has increased by 85% and production
by 151%, however the productivity has increased only by 34%. There are Major Gaps in
Lentil productivity enhancement that are:
Negligible seed replacement with high yielding suitable variety (Stemphylium blight and rust
diseases resistant/tolerant variety)
Improper dissemination of improved production technologies including integrated pest and
nutrient management
Non-availability of quality seed
This shows tremendous scope for increasing the productivity of the pulse by overcoming
these major gaps in productivity enhancement.
Lentil is grown as a post-rainy season crop mostly under rainfed farming. Substantial area
under lentil in north-eastern states is under rotation with rice, maize, sorghum, cotton, jute,
etc. However, it is also grown as intercrop with wheat, barley, sugarcane, mustard and
linseed.
Lentil intercropped with Linseed in West
Bengal
Lentil intercropped with Mustard in Bihar
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In these states, lentil is also relay cropped with rice in which the lentil seeds are broadcasted
in the standing rice crop 10-15 days
before rice harvest under the utera
system or immediately after the harvest of
rice with minimum tillage under rice-lentil
sequential system. In both cropping
systems, lentil depends predominantly on
residual soil moisture. Under the rice-
lentil relay system, lentil plants are
sometimes exposed to waterlogged
conditions during early crop stages,
resulting in sub-optimal plant populations and poor crop establishment, though the system
allows early sowing of lentil. Plant stand and seed yield are dependent on the moisture
status of soils at the time of relay sowing. In rice-lentil sequential system, lentil experiences
forced maturity as a result of increasing temperature, resulting in poor yields.
The average yield of lentil in India is lower than the world average. The reasons for low yield
are occurrence of various biotic and abiotic factors at different growth stages viz., vascular
wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lentis and rust caused by Uromyces viciae-fabae
are widespread diseases inflicting serious yield losses across the states while Stemphylium
blight caused by Stemphylium botrysum in West Bengal and Tripura are of economic
importance. This has further been compounded by the non-adoption of improved agronomic
practices and inadequate availability of quality seeds of suitable improved varieties. The
farmers of Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal and Assam, in general are cultivating lentil in a
large area but so far they were not able to get the higher yields because they are still using
the traditional varieties available with them or available in their vicinity and thus there is a
wide gap in average and potential yield that can be bridged by the use of newly developed
improved varieties associated with adoption of scientific cultivation. In recent years various
new varieties i.e. Arun, Mallika, PL-639, Subrata, HUL-57, IPL-81 (Noori), KLS 218, Moitree,
NDL-1, DPL-62, IPL-406, PL-5, PL-6, PL-8, PL-406 and Pusa Vaibhav etc. have been
developed and are recommended for the cultivation. There is ample scope of horizontal
expansion of lentil cultivation through increasing the area under in rice fallows and in
problematic soils with improved technological interventions. The major states with
substantial area under rice fallows are Uttar Pradesh (0.35 m ha), Bihar & Jharkhand (2.20
m ha), Madhya Pradesh (1.44 m ha), Chhattisgarh (2.94 m ha), West Bengal (1.72 m ha),
Lentil intercropped with sugarcane in Bihar
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Orissa (1.22 m ha), and Assam (0.54 m ha), with total approximately 11.65 million ha are
providing ample scope for expansion of lentil crop.
The International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) has global
mandate on lentil research and has been working with the national programs in terms of
access to knowledge, sharing global germplasm and international nurseries of newly
developed breeding lines and improved varieties, and capacity building of National
Agricultural Research Systems.
The DAC-ICAR-ICARDA collaborative project on “Enhancing Lentil Production for Food,
Nutritional Security & Improved Rural Livelihoods” funded by Department of Agriculture and
Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India, under NFSM-Pulses, is being
implemented in the States of Assam, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal through active
participation of National Agricultural Research System. The project offered tremendous
scope for enhancement of production and productivity and economic wellbeing of poor
farmers especially in the areas of rice fallows where no crop was grown after rice.
In three years, a total of 4307 farmers with 1655.40 ha area in136 villages under nine
districts (Nagaon, Murshidabad, Malda, Ballia, Chandauli, Fatehpur, Muzaffarpur, Nalanda
and Patna) of four states (Assam, West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar), have been
covered. Farmers were selected through Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) and eight-ten
recently developed Lentil varieties were introduced during project implementation. The
physical and technical inputs i.e. seeds, fertilizers, insecticides, pesticides and technical
advice were provided to the farmers from sowing to harvesting to meet the following
objectives in the selected villages.
Objectives
Enhancing productivity of lentil in traditional areas and establish it as a second crop in rice-
fallows to break mono-cropping, thus increasing cropping intensity
Production and distribution of quality seeds of farmer-preferred lentil varieties along with
production technologies (conservation technologies, seed priming, weed control, foliar spray
of urea, etc.)
Improve capacity at field levels for farmer-participatory adaptive research and technology
transfer for adoption and expansion of improved lentil production technologies
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Empowerment of participating local institutions to establish village-based seed system(s) to
achieve self-sufficiency in seeds of farmer-preferred, improved varieties of lentil at the village
level
Back-up research for further improvement of lentil varieties and refinement of production
technologies.
Major Activities (2010-11 to 2012-13)
i. Selection of 5-10 villages in each selected districts every year through PRA and
identification of 15-20 farmers and their fields from each villages with retention of 25% from
1st year (2010-11) and 50% from 2nd year (2011-12) selected farmers having interest in seed
multiplication and farmers participatory research
ii. Supply of inputs and demonstrating the technology with two selected varieties for
earlier farmers and five numbers of varieties for newly selected villages for Farmers
Participatory Varietal Selection (FPVS)
iii. Capacity building through Farmers’ Field School, On-Farm farmers’ fair, Workshop,
training in quality seed production, Post-Harvest Technologies (PHT) and seed processing
and buy back of seeds
iv. Publication of training materials i.e. leaflets, booklets etc.
v. Travelling seminars for farmers and Govt. officials showing the outstanding lentils
fields in different states and interacting with farmers
vi. Seed production of selected varieties by farmers and creation of village seed hub
vii. Review and evaluation of project implementation through field monitoring, annual
workshop, Steering Committee etc.
viii. Submission of final consolidated report.
Target Areas
In three years, on an average 10 to 15
villages from each target districts (Nagaon,
Murshidabad, Malda, Ballia, Chandauli,
Fatehpur, Muzaffarpur, Nalanda and Patna)
of four States (Assam, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh
and West Bengal) were associated in the
implementation of project.
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Table 1.1 Details of selected villages
State Target district Villages associated in the implementation of Project
Assam
Nagaon A Nagaon: Awna, Saharia, Dighaldari, Halowagaon, Bheleuguri, Phuloguri, Kakatigaon, Palashagaon, Kandulimari, Maizbalichari, Kalarchari, Sologuri East, Makhuli, Uriagaon, Jamuguri korchung =15
Bihar Muzaffarpur Patna Nalanda
Muzaffarpur: Gurmi, Patsara, Adigopalpur, Dhobhahan, Arthar, Kewatsa, Bandara, Muni vangari, Vishnupur Jagdish, Maidapur, Salha, Pilkhi, Sakariman, Hattha, Loharkha, Bhagnagari, Jarang, Bakhari, Barhad, Sustalok=20 Patna: Gopalpur, Bilap, Arap, Baghakol, Tarari, Yaropur, Auta, Babhanlai, Sihi, Chesi, Datiyama, Jowarpur-koraiya, Niyamakchak, Modiyar-tola-Mokama, Govindchak, =15 Nalanda: Parasdiha, Khapura, Premanbigha, Dayalpur, Darweshpur, Lachchubigha, Shahpur, Jalalpur, Chandi, Neerpur, Tharthari-dih, Rajpur-koyelbigha, Tinilodipur, Kurooth = 14
Uttar Pradesh Ballia Chandauli Fatehpur
Ballia: Kathariya, Daulatpur, Kptwari, Etahi, Laddupur, Kaitholi, Firozpur, Sobantha, Sahawan, Marchi-khurd, Karo, Basudeva, Baghia, Narahi, Daulatpur, Tutuwari, Ibrahimpur, Naseerpur, Baghauna, Vishesherpur, Medaura-khurd = 21 Fatehpur: Pahur, Alipur, Harsinghpur, Mauhar, Godhrauli, Gheranikhera, Gokulpur, Maharaha, Hardauli, Thathrahi, Deegh, Simwakhera, Namamau, Akbarabad, Jabarabad, Mandrao = 16 Chandauli: Kharuja, Baraura, Katwa(Mafi), Amarshipur, Kanera, Rampur, Ram laxmanpur, Mainpur, Pipariya, Amra, Bhurkuda, Kalani, Gumma, Tribhuvanpur, Bhadauliya, Teero, Ishmailpur= 17
West Bengal Malda Murshidabad
Malda: Rajnagar, Latasi, Matilal, Bidyanandpur, Habinagar, Sahurgachi, Maltipur, Pindaltala, Harekestopur, Bandhakuri, Sahartala, Motiganj, Maheshpur, Ashutola, Chhatrak, Bejpura, Gunshkrol, Mahajinnagar, Gungaon, Malkura, Madia, Sovanagar, Narharipur, Chandipur, Hatida, Debiganj = 26 Murshidabad: Bholla, Basudebkhali, Bawrah, Dangrail, Harhari, Tentulia, Khoyramari, Brahmonigram, Gosaigram, Kashimnagar, Pania, Khatua, Ramnasekhpara, Maniknagar, Dumdama = 15
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2. Villages and Area Coverage During period 2010-11 to 2012-13, the project “Enhancing Lentil Production for Food,
Nutritional Security and Improved Rural Livelihoods” was undertaken in a total of 9
districts of Assam, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal covering a total of 136 villages.
New improved high yielding lentil varieties were provided to a total of 4307 (814 during 2010-
11; 1547 during 2011-12 and 1946 during 2012-13) farmers in four target states covering an
area of 1655.4 ha (243.76 ha during 2010-11; 527.22 ha during 2011-12 and 884.42 ha
during 2012-13). In the year 2012-13, in Uttar Pradesh 496 and in Bihar a total of 579
farmers were involved in the project from 44 villages each in UP and Bihar covering an area
of 301.14 and 353.3 ha of land respectively; in Assam the project was implemented in 14
villages of Nagaon district covering 85.48 ha land with involvement of 245 farmers, while in
West Bengal 626 farmers, were selected for project implementation having an area of 144.5
ha land in 34 villages of 2 districts (Malda and Murshidabad). The details of villages, farmers
and area involved in the project are given below:
Table 2.1 Coordinating centres wise participating village
S. No. Implementing Centre No. of participating Village Total
2010-11 2011-2012 2012-2013
1. AAU, Nagaon, Assam 6 12 14 14
2. SPARK, Patna, Bihar 5 10 14 14
3. RAU, Muzaffarpur, Bihar 5 12 16 16
4. Nalanda, Bihar (ICARDA) 4 07 14 14
5. Chandauli, UP (ICARDA) 5 07 14 14
6. Ballia, UP (IIPR, Kanpur) 6 13 16 16
7. Fatehpur, UP (IIPR, Kanpur) 6 10 14 14
8. MESADM, Malda, W B 27 15 19 19
9. PORS, Murshidabad, W B 5 12 15 15
Total 69 98 136 136
Table 2.2 Coordinating centres wise participating farmers
S. No. Implementing Centre No. of participating Farmers Total
2010-11 2011-2012 2012-2013
1. AAU, Nagaon, Assam 144 218 245 607
2. SPARK, Patna, Bihar 69 168 202 439
3. RAU, Muzaffarpur, Bihar 65 148 185 398
4. Nalanda, Bihar (ICARDA) 62 120 192 374
5. Chandauli, UP (ICARDA) 72 128 199 399
6. Ballia, UP (IIPR, Kanpur) 50 178 190 418
7. Fatehpur, UP (IIPR, Kanpur) 76 122 107 305
8. MESADM, Malda, W B 147 227 340 714
9. PORS, Murshidabad, W B 129 238 286 653
Total 814 1547 1946 4307
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Table 2.3 Coordinating centres wise area coverage
S. No. Implementing Centre Area covered (ha.) Total
2010-11 2011-2012 2012-2013
1. AAU, Nagaon, Assam 31.94 61.33 85.48 178.75
2. SPARK, Patna, Bihar 32.0 71.31 133.4 236.71
3. RAU, Muzaffarpur, Bihar 26.0 56.84 81.3 164.14
4. Nalanda, Bihar (ICARDA) 32.0 66.66 138.6 237.26
5. Chandauli, UP (ICARDA) 28.80 63.83 129.25 221.88
6. Ballia, UP (IIPR, Kanpur) 25.0 56.0 128.94 209.94
7. Fatehpur, UP (IIPR, Kanpur) 11.35 42.33 42.95 96.63
8. MESADM, Malda, W B 26.67 46.59 44.75 118.01
9. PORS, Murshidabad, W B 30.0 62.33 99.75 192.08
Total 243.76 527.22 884.42 1655.4
3. Participatory Rural Appraisal
Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) is a set of tools and techniques or methodology to
collect the information of a particular area/location from and with local people about their life,
opinion, knowledge and environment, etc. With the help of these collected information one
can analyse the situation of the area, resources, strength, problems, opportunities, potential,
needs and socio-economic conditions of farmers. Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) is very
useful to get first-hand information of the selected area.
Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) was conducted in the selected villages every year
(2010-11 to 2012-13) to collect data. During participatory appraisal the opinion of farmers
about the knowledge of technological interventions available, seed replacement and
availability of quality lentil seed, factors responsible for high productivity and causes of low
lentil yield, pattern of consumption, marketing of produce, storage sowing method and
desirability for participation in varietal suitability for their area was ascertained. It revealed
that most of the farmers were not aware about the technological interventions viz., seed
priming, seed treatment with rhizobium, fungicide and insecticide, soil testing and foliar spray
of 2% urea at the time of flowering etc.
Participatory Rural Appraisal conducted in the selected villages of target districts in the major
lentil growing states revealed the following:
1. 100 % Farmers never practiced soil testing before intervention
2. Seed treatments with fungicide were not known to 98% farmers in the case of lentil
while 100% farmers never knew about seed inoculation by Rhizobium. However, in one
village, (Bholla, Murshidabad, W.B.), about 35% were acquainted with the seed
treatment with fungicide.
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3. Seed replacement rate was less. Seed replacement in case of lentil is performed by 19-
25% farmers every 2-3 years while about 81-75% farmers replace their pulse seed
(lentil) every 4-5 years and that replacement also mostly from other farmers. In
Murshidabad district, in some villages, about 26% farmers purchase the seed from local
market (Not from any seed dealer but in the Hat/bazar).
4. Farmers were mostly using their traditional cultivars. Most of the farmers are still doing
lentil cultivation in their own traditional way using high seed rates. Improved production
technology of lentil cultivation were not available with farmers.
5. The opinion of farmers on the causes of high yield was varying in different states. It was
revealed that in Bihar, Patna and Nalanda districts, 15-20% farmers, felt that the major
cause for higher yield is because of improved variety of lentil while 40 to 46% farmers
mentioned seed treatment with fungicide & rhizobium resulted in high yield. About 30%
to 50% farmers in most of the States opinioned that technological interventions at right
time is the major key to higher yield in lentil.
6. Farmers have little knowledge about improved varieties. Non availability of quality seeds
of high yielding lentil varieties and no proper technological interventions coupled with
non-availability of fertilizer & pesticide at right time was reported to be major constraint
in higher productivity of lentil in most of the lentil growing area in target States.
7. Lack of knowledge about insect-pest and diseases management and scientific
knowledge regarding the post-harvest technologies, etc. were also prevalent in farming
community.
8. Most of the farmers sell their lentil produce immediately after harvest and about 65%
farmer keep 20-40% of their produce (depending on family size) for their own
consumption as food and seed.
9. Majority of the farmers store lentil seed either in the jute bags or in the fertilizers’ bags.
Some of the farmers store the grain in pots.
10. Lack of storage facilities, processing units, and poor connectivity to the market etc. were
also major constraints.
11. Most of the adopted farmers were interested in seed production provided they get the
cultivation techniques and quality seed in time.
12. There is no organized financial institution, proper market facility and seed processing
unit in and around any of the villages participated in the project.
4. Technological Interventions
Technological interventions were provided to the farmers on lentil cultivation. According to
the phenological stages of the crop, the details of these interventions are given below-
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Seed rate- 35-40 kg/ha for small seeded (<2.5g/100 seeds), 45-50 kg/ha for bold seeded
and 50-60kg/ha for relay cultivation.
Improved varieties provided- A number of improved varieties were supplied to the
selected farmers under the project. Varieties, HUL-57, Moitree, NDL-1, PL-6, PL-8, IPL-406,
Subrata, IPL-81, KLS-218, PL-406, Pusa Vaibhav, DPL-62 and Arun are some of them.
Seed treatment- Seed treatment with fungicide, insecticide and rhizobium culture. Seed
was treated with Thiram @ 2-3g /kg seeds or carbendazim @ 1 g /kg seed and with
insecticide, i.e. chloripyriphos @ 8–10 g /kg seed, wherever there is infestation of insect like
termites. Seed was also treated with Rhizobium culture @ 5 packets/ha.
Seed priming- Seed priming was
performed for better germination. Seeds
were soaked during night for 6-8 hours with
natural water, drained out excess water and
dried in shade before sowing.
Sowing and sowing time- Timely
sowing at the distance of 25 x 10cm was
done. i.e. 15th October to 15th November.
However, late sowing was performed up to
1st week of December depending on
availability of soil moisture.
Weed management- Pre-sown application of Pendimethalin P.E. @ 1.5 kg a.i/ha (or
within 24 hour of sowing in presence of high moisture) was applied to protect the crop
damage from weeds at initial stages.
Urea spray- Foliar spray of 2% Urea just before flowering and repeated after 15-20 days
specially when there was lack of moisture.
Post-flowering and pod formation stage- Fields were surveyed against insect-pest
and diseases infestation in the field. In case of severe infestations of aphids foliar application
of metasystox, dimethoate and other systemic insecticides were applied.
Equipment provided
As an important activity of providing technical interventions a number of useful equipments
were provided to the participating farmers in the project areas by ICARDA and its National
partners, such as fifty seed bins for storage of seed, twenty five sprayers, four zero-tillage
machines and one pumping set for effective and efficient project implementation.
Farmers treating seed
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5. Activities and Achievements
Various activities were carried out during 2010-13 under the project at different cooperating
centers. The details of centre-wise activities and their outcomes are discussed hereunder:
5.1 ICARDA - South Asia & China Regional Program, New Delhi
The International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) has covered
project activities in two districts namely Chandauli in Uttar Pradesh and Nalanda in Bihar.
Quality seeds of improved varieties besides other inputs were given to the farmers along
with appropriate technological interventions. Soil samples collected from the selected
farmers’ field for soil analysis to ascertain the amount of nutrients to be provided to the crop.
The district profile and activities carried out by ICARDA in these districts are given below:
5.1.1 Chandauli (Uttar Pradesh) - The district Chandauli was constituted in the year
1997 from the district Varanasi. The district is situated in the
eastern and southern side of holy river Ganga. The region under
the present district was part of the ancient kingdom of Kashi.
Agriculture is the mainstay of population. More than 70% of the
population is based
upon agriculture related
activities. The main
crops of Chandauli
district are paddy, wheat, maize, jowar, bajra and
pigeon pea, barley, gram, peas and lentil etc. The
soil of this region is hard and red in colour. Some
Usar land is also found.
The results revealed significant higher
yields compared to the yields realized by the
farmers over their own varieties. During
2010-11, HUL-57 and NDL-1 was
significantly at par and gave 56.3% higher
yield than the farmers check (Fig.1).
However, during 2011-12, KLS-218
gave 76.8% higher than the farmers’ check
followed by Moitree with 64.0% (Fig.2). Both
the varieties, KLS-218 and Moitree were
introduced first time in Chandauli.
Fig.1 Performance of lentil at
Chandauli (2010-11)
Fig.2 Performance of lentil at Chandauli (2011-12)
Map of Chandauli
- 16 -
Unfortunately during 2012-13, due to heavy rain at the flowering and pod setting
stage, lentil crop was completely
damaged. However, analyzing the
data for three years (2010-13), in
most of the Chandauli area, KLS-
218, Moitree and HUL-57 were
judged by farmers as 1st, 2nd and 3rd
choice respectively (Fig. 3). Full
package of improved technology with
improved seed gave much higher
yield over farmers’ local variety and traditional practice.
Per cent increase of technological interventions under different sowing situations at
Chandauli, Uttar Pradesh
When the crop was sown very late in the rice fallows in district Chandauli although it is not
recommended to cultivate lentils very late, under such situation, if the farmers would manage
their crop with full care they can harness good returns compared to what they usually get by
leaving their lentils neglected.
Women lifting their crop at Chandauli
Fig.3 Overall performance of lentil at Chandauli (2010-13)
36.58
46.34
56.1
17.65 11.76
23.53
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
HUL-57 IPL-81 WBL-77
Rice Fallow
Normal Sown
Moitree
Fig.4 Per cent increase of technological
interventions under different sowing situations
- 17 -
Table 5.1. Performance of late sown lentil varieties at Chandauli, Uttar Pradesh
(Rice Fallow: D.O.S. 6th December, 2011)
S. No. Varieties Farmers (%)
Average Yield Kg/ ha (Rice fallow) % increase over Local
Av. of Local Var. & Tech.
Av. of Improved Var. & Tech.
1 HUL-57 30.0 640 1013 58.28
2 Noori 30.0 700 1120 60.0
3 Moitree 30.0 620 1093 76.29
4 PL-6* 10.0 610 800 31.15 *Sown on 13 Dec 2011
Healthy fields of lentil at chandauli
Weeding of the crop Harvesting of the crop
- 18 -
5.1.2 Nalanda (Bihar) - Nalanda, is famous all over the world for the ancient International
Monastic University established in 5th century BC,
which taught Vedas, Logic, Grammar, Medicine, Meta-
Physics, Prose Composition and Rhetoric. Agriculture
is the main source of occupation. The farmers mainly
grow paddy, apart from potato, and onion. Few people
of the district are also involved in handloom weaving.
The Soil of Nalanda district is mostly neutral (pH 6.67
to 7.02) with
low to medium organic carbon (0.33 to 0.67%) &
medium in available phosphorous (25.83 to 43.83
kg/ha) & potash (175.33 to 248.66 kg/ha).
Foliar spray of 2 % urea was also done by
the farmers at flowering and podding stage as it
provides essential moisture at this very critical stage
of crop
and also
provides nutrition to the crop that is readily
absorbed by the plants and is utilized for
essential physiological processes.
At Nalanda, during 2010-11, HUL-57
gave highest yield (1412 kg/ha) followed by
NDL-1 (1271 Kg/ha), which was 44% and 37%
higher than the farmers practice (Fig.5).
During 2011-12, PL-6, Moitree and KLS-218
were introduced in Nalanda. PL-6 and KLS-
218 were statisticaly at par followed by HUL-
57 giving 63.9 & 71.1% followed by 51.2%
increase over locals (Fig.6).
Foliar spray of 2 % Urea
Fig.5 Performance of lentil at Nalanda (2010-11)
Fig.6 Performance of lentil at Nalanda (2011-12)
Map of Nalanda
- 19 -
In third year of the project total eight
improved lentil varieties i.e. HUL-57, IPL-
81, Moitree, PL-6, PL-8, KLS218, IPL-406
& NDL-1 have been supplied to the
participating farmers. It was found that
NDL-1 and KLS-218 were statistically at par
with 61.5 and 63.8% higher yield over
locals followed by IPL-406 & HUL-57 with
49.9% and 49.0% higher yield (Fig.7).
Analyzing three years performance,
farmers preferred KLS-218 with 67.2%
followed by NDL-1 with 49.6% and IPL-406
with 49.3% yield advantage over local
check (Fig.8). PL-8 (provided during 2012-
13) also performed well with 47.3 per cent
more yield increase over local.
The three years date revealed that
in selected villages of Nalanda, linear
growth of productivity existed, meaning
thereby that in general increase in productivity every year is gift of the project (Fig. 9)
Fig.7 Performance of lentil at Nalanda (2012-13)
Fig.8 Overall performance of lentil at Nalanda (2010-13)
Fig.9 Overall lentil productivity in target villages of
Nalanda (2010-13)
- 20 -
5.2 Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam
Nagaon - Lentil occupies an important position among different pulses grown in Assam with
a production of about 12 thousand tonnes from an
area of about 24 thousand hectares, the
productivity being 523 kg/ha. Nagaon is an
important District of Assam contributing to the
total pulses area, production and productivity of
lentil by an area of 1657 ha, 961 tonnes of
production and productivity being 580 kg/ha
(201
1-
12). Lentil is mostly grown as normal crop
though relay cropping is also practised in some
areas. Mix cropping of lentil with toria is also
popular among farmers. The climate and soil
type of Assam is suitable for lentil and hence
there is enough scope to increase the
production of this crop. Assam has about 18-20
lakhs hectares of rice area. During winter, a
vast area remains fallow. The requirement of
pulses in Assam is about 2.52 lakhs tonnes every year as against the total production of
about 70 thousand tonnes only.
Inputs distribution to the farmers
Visit of Agril. Commissioner to Nalanda
Map of Nagaon
- 21 -
Assam Agriculture University implemented the project in the Nagaon district of Assam for
extending the improved technology of lentil production to the farmers in the traditional lentil
growing regions. All necessary inputs like improved seeds, seed protectants/fertilizers as per
improved package of practice were infused in
the target areas of Nagaon district with active
participation of the lentil growers. With
concerted efforts of the lentil growing farmers
and the scientist of AAU farmers realized
good yields of lentil compared to the yields
realized with farmers practice under relay
cropping as well as pure crop under normal
situation.
In the first year of the project
implementation total four improved lentil varieties i.e. HUL-57, IPL-81, PL-406 and Arun
were given to the farmers. IPL-81 recorded 34.55% higher yield over local check follwed by
HUL-57 with 28.22% and PL-406 with
27.27% higher than local check (Fig.10).
In second year (2011-12) Moitree
was also introduced. It was observed that
HUL-57 has given 46.35% more yield
followed by Moitree with 39.37% and IPL-81
with 30.73% than local check (Fig. 11).
During 2012-13 five lentil HUL-57,
IPL-81, PL-406, Moitree and KLS-218 were
made available to farmers. Here Moitree has
given 56.07% followed by HUL-57 with 52.81% and IPL-81 with 37.28% higher yield than
local cultivar (Fig. 12).
Fig.10 Performance of lentil at Nagaon (2010-11)
Fig.11 Performance of lentil at Nagaon (2011-12)
Fig.12 Performance of lentil at Nagaon (2012-13)
- 22 -
The yield of demonstration plots of three years performance six varieties, concluded that
Moitree with 947 kg/ha yield (51.76% yield advantage over local check) is most suited to the
region. HUL-57 has been 2nd choice of farmers on the basis of three years performance.
KLS-218 has given yield of 916 kg/ha recording 35.10% higher yield over local was
introduced during 2012-13 only (Fig. 13).
Lentil as normal crop at Nagaon
Fig.13 Overall performance of lentil at Nagaon (2010-13)
- 23 -
There has been linear growth in productivity of lentil in three years, showing overall increase
in productivity even in local checks also (Fig. 14).
Table 5.2.1 Performance of lentil varieties under relay cropping
Variety Area (ha)
No. of farmers
Mat. duration
Seed yield
(kg/ha)
% increase over local
HUL 57 2.02 9 125 842 36.0
Moitree 2.28 9 125 878 41.8
IPL 81 2.00 8 119 662 6.9
PL 406 (LC) 1.69 7 123 781 26.2
Farmers local - - - 619 -
Grand total/mean 7.99 33 123 795 28.4
Under relay cropping Moitree followed by HUL-57 performed superior over other
introduced varieties, while HUL-57 followed by Moitree performed better under rice-fallow as
pure crop of lentil.
Table 5.2.2 Performance of lentil varieties as pure crop under rice-fallow
Locations Variety Area (ha)
No. of farmers
Mat. duration
Seed yield
(kg/ha)
% increase over local
Average of all villages
HUL-57 6.89 35 122 908 47.6
Moitree 6.83 36 123 865 40.6
IPL-81 5.53 26 118 776 26.2
PL-406 6.50 28 119 786 27.8
Farmers local - - - 615 -
Grand total/mean 25.75 125 - 841 36.7
Fig.14 Overall productivity in target villages of Nagaon (2010-13)
- 24 -
5.3 Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar
Muzaffarpur– Muzaffarpur District is one of the thirty-seven districts of Bihar state.
Muzaffarpur district is a part of Tirhut Division. The
soil is highly fertile, well drained and sandy, white
colored. The principal crops are rice, wheat,
pulses, jute, maize and oil seeds. Cauliflower,
cabbage, tomato, radish, carrot, beetroot, among
others, are also grown. Rice and wheat account for
most of the area under cultivation. Maize is the
next important crop for the district. Sugar cane,
potato and barley are some of the non-cereal crops grown.
A women farmer with crop Relay cropping in Assam
Farmers with lentil crop
Map of Muzaffarpur
- 25 -
In Muzaffarpur district of Bihar the project was implemented by Rajendra Agricultural
University (RAU), Pusa, Samastipur Bihar. All the
selected farmers were very enthusiastic about the
lentil crop. All the necessary inputs like improved
seed, rhizobium culture, fungicide etc. were
supplied to the farmers. In first year of the project
total four lentil varieties i.e. HUL-57, IPL-81, NDL-
1 and Arun were supplied to the selected farmers.
The results revealed that almost all the introduced
varieties performed well over local check. Variety
Arun have given 66.29% higher yield followed by
NDL-1 and HUL-57 with 60.27% and 56.62% higher yield over local check respectively (Fig.
15).
Table 5.3 Performance of lentil varieties under rice-fallows at Muzaffarpur, Bihar
(2011-12)
S. No.
Varieties Average Yield % increase of improved over
Local
Rank
Av. of Local Av. of Improved
1 HUL-57 08.85 14.90 68.36 I
2. Arun 08.45 14.17 67.69 II
3. KLS-218 07.98 13.30 66.67 III
4. Moitree 07.85 13.05 66.24 IV
A young farmer at Muzaffarpur
Fig.15 Performance of lentil varieties at
Muzaffarpur (2010-11)
- 26 -
In second year (2011-12) HUL-57,
KLS-218, Arun and Moitree have benn
supplied to the farmers. The maximum yield
was recorded by Arun with 81.30% followed
by HUL-57 with 75.14% and KLS-218 with
74.68% increase over local (Fig. 16).
In 2012-13 four varieties i.e. HUL-57, KLS-218,
PL-6 and PL-8 were given, where in first time
PL-6 and PL-8 were supplied to the participating
farmers. HUL-57 noted with 1447 kg/ha, KLS-
218 with 1332 kg/ha and PL-8 with 1314 kg/ha
yield, which were 46.90%, 35.09% and 33.80%
higher over local cultivar respectively (Fig.17).
It was found from the over all
performance of three years that Arun
ranked first with 73.50% follwed by Moitree
with 68.92%, NDL- 1 with 60.27 and HUL-
57 with 58.98% increase in yield over local
check. NDL-1, HUl-57 were statistically at
par (Fig. 18).
HUL-57
Scientists visited the farmer’s field variety HUL-57
Harvested Moitree crop
Fig.16 Performance of lentil varieties at Muzaffarpur (2011-12)
Fig.17 Performance of lentil varieties at
Muzaffarpur (2012-13)
Fig.18 Overall performance of lentil at
Muzaffarpur (2010-13)
- 27 -
Overall productivity of the selected villages has increased during the three years of the
project implementation; in giving 48.6%, 61.2% and 65.20% yield advantage during 2010-11,
2011-12 and 2012-13 respectively. On an average 61.6% increase in yield has been
recorded (Fig. 19).
5.4 Society for Promotion of Agricultural Research & Knowledge (SPARK),
Patna, Bihar
Patna – Patna is located on the south bank of river Ganga (25.350N 85.120E). It lies in
Indo-Gangetic plain & has natural fertile soil with water
bodies i.e. Ganga, sone & Punpun river. The soil of the
district is loamy which has medium amount of available
P2O5 (42 Kg/ha), K2O (259 kg/ha) and organic carbon
(0.3 –
0.6%) with
6.75 – 7.50
pH.
Topographi
cally the area may be considered as plain except
that of Tal & Diara. Tal land soils are gray to
dark gray in colour, medium heavy to heavy in
texture, poor in drainage & neutral to slightly
alkaline in reaction. They crack during summer
and swell on the onset of monsoon. Practically
no irrigation exists in these areas. Only rabi crops are grown under rainfed situation. Among
rabi crops, lentil & gram are the predominant ones followed by wheat, rape-mustard, pea,
Farmers after receiving inputs
Fig.19 Overall performance of lentil varieties at Muzaffarpur (2010-13)
Map of Patna
- 28 -
lathyrus etc. To avoid risks farmers usually take on to mixed cropping compared to solo
cropping. Likewise in Diara land farmers also go for only rabi crop mainly wheat, rape-
mustard & vegetables. In the area other than Tal & Diara Rice-Wheat is the major cropping
pattern. Other crops i.e. maize, sugarcane, pulses & Oilseeds are the major food grains of
the district.
To meet the objectives of the project in Patna district a total of 133.4 ha area has been
covered in 2012-13. All necessary inputs were supplied ahead of sowing to the farmers in
the selected villages of the district. After following all necessary management practices good
crop of lentil was grown and the farmers realized good harvest of crop compared to what
they have been harnessing with farmers practice utilizing their own seeds of traditional
cultivars.
Threshing of the crop Quality seed for distribution
Good harvest of lentil Manual weeding by women (NDL-1)
- 29 -
In 2010-11 the highest yield was obtained
by NDL-1 (1415 kg/ha), IPL-81 (1228 kg/ha) and
HUL-57 (1206 kg/ha). Percentage increase given
by NDL-1, IPL-81 and HUL-57 with 66.47%,
47.79% and 47.41% respectively over local (Fig.
20).
In second year six improved varieties of
lentil have been given to the farmers i.e.
HUL-57, IPL-81, PL-6, Moitree, PL-8 and
KLS-218. PL-8 with 79.32%, PL-6 with
65.53% and IPL-81 with 61.12% yielded
more than local and ranked 1st, 2nd and
3rd respectively (Fig. 21).
In 2012-13, HUL-57, IPL-81, PL-6, Moitree, PL-8, KLS-218, NDL-1 and IPL-406
varieties of lentil have been given to the farmers. The yield of IPL-406 was 76.93% higher
over local followed by NDL-1 with 55.29% and PL-8 with 53.32% over farmers local variety
and ranked 1st, 2nd and third respectively (Fig. 22).
Overall data of three years showed that the highest percentage increase in yield over
farmers’ own variety was recorded in IPL-406 with 76.94%, PL-8 with 64.99% and NDL-1
with 60.81%. PL-8 and NDL-1 was statistically at par (Fig. 23).
Fig.20 Performance of lentil varieties at
Patna (2010-11)
Fig.21 Performance of lentil varieties at Patna
(2011-12)
Fig.22 Performance of lentil varieties at Patna (2012-13)
- 30 -
The three year increase in yield has given a linear growth trend, depicting overall productivity
increase in the selected villages during project period (Fig. 24).
With all efforts and active participation of the farmers of the selected villages of Patna district
good yields of lentil were achieved. Moitree followed by IPL-81 were identified as best and
most preferred lentil varieties by the farmers under rice-fallow.
Heap of Harvested crop Threshing is in progress
Fig.23 Overall performance of lentil varieties at Patna
(2010-13)
Fig.24 Overall lentil productivity in target villages of
Patna (2010-13)
- 31 -
5.5 Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh
In Fatehpur and Ballia districts of Uttar Pradesh, IIPR, Kanpur implemented the project
activities.
Ballia - The district lies between the parallels of
25º33' and 26º11' North latitudes and 83º38' and
84º39' East longitudes. District Ballia is situated on
the border of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. The maximum
area of Ballia district is covered by wheat, paddy,
lentil, potato, pegionpea, field pea, sugarcane, chick
pea, and maize.
Fatehpur - Fatehpur is one of the 71 districts of the Uttar Pradesh state. Fatehpur district
located on the banks of river Ganga and Yamuna.
Fatehpur has three sub-divisions i.e. Fatehpur, Bindki and
Khaga with 13 development blocks and six urban/town
areas. The major crops grown in Fathepur district are rice,
wheat, gram, pigeon pea, barley, sugarcane, oilseeds and
cotton etc. The average rainfall of the district is 904 mm.
Lentil has been grown 1st time in this district under this
project.
The crop was sown during IInd fortnight of November in most of the areas after harvest of
Paddy, but in few villages the crop was sown late upto IInd fortnight of December as well.
Table 5.5.1 Sowing Time of Lentil in Fatehpur and Ballia district of Uttar Pradesh
S. No. Particulars Farmers percentage
Fatehpur Ballia
1. Ist fortnight of November 22.09 15.00
2. IInd fortnight of November 41.86 85.00
3. Ist fortnight of December 32.56 0.00
4. IInd fortnight of December 3.45 0.00
In Ballia district, three varieties HUL-
57, IPL-81 and NDL-1 were provided to the
farmers in the first year of the project
implementation. NDL-1 performed best with
56.90% followed by HUL-57 with 38.10% and
IPL-81 with 32.96% increase in yield over local
check (Fig. 25). Fig.25 Performance of lentil varieties at Ballia (2010-11)
Map of Ballia
Map of Fatehpur
- 32 -
In second year Ballia’s farmers
received four varieties of lentil, viz. HUL-
57, PL-6, NDL-1 and Moitree. The highest
yield was recorded by NDL-1 follwed by
PL-6 and HUL-57,with 94.33%, 91.21%
and 54.96% increase over farmers’ own
variety (Fig. 26).
In third year total four varieties, HUL-
57, PL-6, NDL-1 and Moitree were given to
the farmers. HUL-57 recorded highest yield
with 98.86% increase follwed by NDL-1 and
Moitree with 68.12% and 54.68% increase
over local respectively (Fig. 27).
Lentil Sowing by Seed Drill 30 days old lentil crop
Fig.26 Performance of lentil varieties at Ballia (2011-12)
Fig.27 Performance of lentil varieties at Ballia
(2012-13)
- 33 -
From three year findings, it can be
observed that the percentage increase in
yield over local check was 64.31%,
63.13%, 51.25% and 52.25% for HUL-57,
PL-6, NDL-1 and Moitree respectively (Fig.
28).
In three years of project
implementation, there has been linear
trend of yield advantage, indicating
productivity increase every year even in farmers’ check (Fig. 29).
Harvested crop at farmer’s courtyard
Fig.28 Overall performance of lentil varieties at Ballia (2010-13)
Fig.29 Overall productivity of lentil in target villages of Ballia (2010-13)
- 34 -
With all the efforts good crop of lentils with cultivation of HYVs with technological
interventions was grown and farmers harvested higher yields compared to their local
cultivars in use.
In first (2010-11) year of the project three
varieties, HUL-57, IPL-81, and NDL-1
provided to the farmers of the Fathepur
district. IPL-81 has given 56.88% followed
by NDL-1 and HUL-57 with an increase of
51.59% and 45.84% higher yield over local
check (Fig. 30).
Second year five lentil varieties i.e. HUL-57,
DPL-62, NDL-1, PL-6 and Moitree have been
given in Fatehpur. The highest yield was
recorded in DPL-62 (1722 kg/ha) with an
increase of 95.90% followed by PL-6 (1569
kg/ha) and HUL-57 (1477 kg/ha) with 80.55%
and 72.34% increase in yield over local check,
respectively (Fig. 31).
Farmer with lentil crop (NDL-1)
Fig.30 Performance of lentil varieties in Fatehpur (2010-11)
Fig.31 Performance of lentil varieties in
Fatehpur (2011-12)
- 35 -
HUL-57, DPL-62, NDL-1 and PL-6
lentil varieties were given to farmers during
third year (2012-13) of the project. DPL-62
with 62.79% follwed by HUL-57 with
57.40% and NDL-1 with 48.22% higher
yield, repectively over local check was
recored (Fig. 32).
From three years
performance, the highest
percentage incresae in yield over
local check was recored in variety
DPL-62 (79.63%) followed by
Moitree (62.17%), HUL-57
(58.56%), NDL-1 (56.23%) and PL-
6 (52.87%). Moitree, HUL-57, NDL-
1 and PL-6 were statistically at par
(Fig. 33).
A linear growth trend line with increase in yield over local was observed. The trend shows
productivity increase each year even in local check also (Fig. 34).
Fig.32 Performance of lentil varieties in Fatehpur (2012-13)
Fig.33 Overall performance of lentil varieties in
Fatehpur (2010-13)
Fig.34 Overall lentil productivity in target villages of Fatehpur (2010-13)
- 36 -
Different technological interventions were evaluated by IIPR at Fatehpur and Ballia
district.
Significantly higher yields were obtained with rhizobium treated seed compared to the yields
realized without seed treatment.
Table 5.5.2 Effect of Rhizobium seed treatment on yield of lentil
S. No. Variety (s) Yield (q/ha)
Fatehpur Ballia
Treated Untreated Treated Untreated
1. PL-6 15.78 14.72 15.90 14.35
2. DPL-62 16.23 15.07 - -
3. Moitree 14.58 13.29 15.30 14.20
4. HUL-57 15.80 14.57 14.85 13.90
5. NDL-1 15.91 14.95 15.70 14.90
At Ballia District seed treatment with Trichoderma for wilt management have been revealed
that seed treated with Trichoderma have given more yield compared to untreated seed.
Table 5.5.3 Management of Wilt by application of Trichoderma at Ballia
S. No. Variety (s) Percentage of wilt infestation Yield (kg/ha)
Treated Untreated Treated Untreated
1. NDL-1 03.00 09.00 16.10 14.65
2. HUL-57 12.00 21.00 14.55 13.50
3. PL-6 03.00 08.00 14.60 13.40
4. Local 20.00 27.00 08.80 08.20
Optimum plant population in seed treated plots at Fatehpur
- 37 -
Effect of 2% spray of Urea on different stages of lentil (2012-13)
Foliar spray of 2 % Urea have been applied to the lentil crop at different stages i.e. flower
initiation stage, flowering stage and at flower & pod formation stage. It was found that flower
initiation stage was most appropriate for the foliar spray of 2% Urea followed by flowering
stage.
Table 5.5.4 Effect of 2% spray of Urea on different stages of lentil
Farming situation
Crop stages Ballia Fatehpur
No. of fields
Yield (kg/ha)
No. of fields
Yield (kg/ha)
Paddy-lentil under late sown condition
At Flower Initiation stage 11 1585.00 39 1542.00
At Flowering Stage 05 1540.00 17 1475.00
At Flower and pod formation stage - - 07 1380.00
Economics of Participatory Lentil Seed Production (Early Rice-Lentil) (2012-13)
In addition the cost-benefit ratio of improved varieties with improved technology over farmers
variety cultivated with farmers practice was also calculated to show the yield advantages
over local.
Table 5.5.5 Cost-Benefit ratio of HYVs with improved technologies over farmer variety
with farmers’ practice (2012-13) at Ballia
S. No. Particulars NDL-1 HUL-57 PL-6 Local
1. Average grain yield (q/ha) 15.00 14.20 14.00 11.50
2. Increase in yield over control (%) 30.43 23.48 21.74 -
3. Cost of cultivation (Rs/ha) 15456.00 15456.00 15456.00 13820.00
4. Gross income (Rs/ha) 64500.00 61060.00 60200.00 46000.00
5. Net income (Rs/ha) 49044.00 45604.00 44744.00 32180.00
6. B:C ratio 3.17 2.95 2.89 2.32
It was seen from the above table that NDL-1 has given more return followed by HUL-57 and
PL-6. The range of cost benefit ratio was 3.17 to 2.89. It can be concluded that improved
varieties along with appropriate technologies are more profitable than farmers own variety
and traditional technologies.
- 38 -
Table 5.5.6 Economics of Participatory Lentil Seed Production Early Paddy-Lentil
(2012-13) at Fatehpur
S. No. Particulars NDL-1 DPL-62 HUL-57 PL-6 Local
1. Average Yield q/ha 14.50 14.00 13.90 13.50 11.20
2. Increase in Yield over
Local (%)
29.46 25.00 24.10 20.53 -
3. Cost of Cultivation
(Rs./ha)
15870.00 15870.00 15870.00 15870.00 14210.00
4. Gross Income (Rs./ha) 62350.00 60200.00 59770.00 58050.00 44800.00
5. Net income (Rs./ ha) 46480.00 44330.00 43900.00 42180.00 30590.00
6. B:C ratio 2.93 2.79 2.77 2.65 2.15
In Fatehpur district, the cost benefit ratio of improved varieties gave higher returns
(B:C ratio; 2.93 to 2.65) compared to farmers’ cultivar and own practices (B:C ratio; 2.15).
5.6 Pulses & Oilseeds Research Station (PORS), Berhampore, West
Bengal
The Pulses and Oilseeds Research Station (PORS),
Berhampore, West Bengal under took project
implementation in Murshidabad district of West
Bengal.
Murshidabad – Murshidabad district has been
earmarked as “Major Agricultural District” of West
Bengal. It is also known as “Crop Museum District” of
West Bengal as the economy of this district primarily
rests on agriculture. More than 80% of the district population directly depends on it. The
climatic condition and soil of this district are congenial for cultivation of almost every field
crops. Murshidabad district produces a variety of pulses including Lentil, Blackgram,
Lathyrus, Chickpea, Pea, Pigeonpea, Green gram and others to the tune of 47,709 M.T.
annually from an area of 48,774 ha with an average yield around 978 kg per ha during the
year 2009-10. Lentil is the main pulse crop of the district Murshidabad.
With active participation and utilization of knowledge shared during the trainings imparted to
the farmers before the onset of crop season and also during the crop period the farmers
have realized good remuneration in the form of higher yields over local cultivars cultivated
with farmers practice.
Map of Murshidabad
- 39 -
Total five lentil improved varieties
(HUL-57, Moitree, Subrata, Arun and Asha)
have been provided to the farmers in the first
year of the project in Murshidabad district.
The percentage increase in yield over local
check was 31.20%, 29.34%, and 20.30% for
Subrata, Moitree and Asha respectively (Fig.
35).
In second year same varieties have
been provided except Arun, instead of Arun,
PL-6 was introduced in the farmers’ field. PL-
6 performed best with an increase of 54.27%
followed by Subrata with 41.18% and Asha
with 39.07% increase in yield over local
check, while highest yield was recorded with
Subrata. Moitree and PL-6 were statistically at
par (Fig. 36).
Fig.35 Performance of lentil varieties in Murshidabad (2010-11)
Fig.36 Performance of lentil varieties in
Murshidabad (2011-12)
Reaped crop at field Satisfied farmer at lentil field
- 40 -
Third year data revealed that variety Subrata
exhibited 46.90%, PL-6 with 45.58%, Moitree
with 40.90% and NDL-1 with 32.13% higher
yield over farmers’ local. The highest yield was
recorded with Subrata followed by Moitree.
Statistically Moitree and PL-6 were at par (Fig.
37).
From three years data, it was found that PL-6 with a yield advantage of 49.41%, Subrata
with 39.23% and Moitree with an increase of 35.00% over local check are best suited for this
region. Subrata yielded highest followed by Moitree (Fig. 38).
5.7 Madhyamgram Eco-friendly Sustainable Agril. Development Mission
(MESADM), Nadia, West Bengal
MESADM a NGO from Kalyani district of West Bengal
implemented the project activities in Malda district of West
Bengal.
Malda - Malda comprises of two sub-divisions i.e. Malda
Sadar and Chanchal. Fifteen blocks with 146 gram panchayats
are under malda district. Malda District is situated between the
Latitude and Longitude figures of 24040’20”N to 25032’08”N
and 88028’10”E to 87045’50”E respectively. The district covers
Fig.37 Performance of lentil varieties in
Murshidabad (2012-13)
Fig.38 Overall performance of lentil varieties in Murshidabad (2010-13)
Map of Malda
- 41 -
an area of 3,733.66 square kilometres. Major crops grown in Malda are rice, wheat,
rapeseed, jute, gram, sugarcane, maize and potatoes etc. District Malda has low productivity
of lentil due to lack of improved varieties and appropriate production technologies. During
the project implementation, pre-sowing trainings were imparted to the farmers for better
implementation of overall activities of the project. Well supervised and timely crop
management practices coupled with favourable climatic conditions during the project period
induced satisfactory crop growth and higher yield in the project area. Non- project farmers
growing lentil crop in their land witnessed the bumper growth of lentil crop grown by the
participating farmers under the project and were highly impressed and convinced to follow
the improved technology for maximization of lentil production.
A field of lentil with rice-fallow area at Malda
Pre sowing training attended by the farmers at Malda
- 42 -
In Malda four improved varieties,
Moitree, Subrata, Suvendu and Arun have
been supplied to the farmers in the first year
of the project (2010-11). The percentage
increase in yield over farmers’ local check
was 46.93%, 41.62%, 32.55% and 29.41% for
Moitree, Arun, Subrata and Suvendu
respectively (Fig. 39).
In second year, the percentage
increase in yield over local check was
72.36%, 43.45%, 35.57% and 30.90% for
Moitree, HUL-57, Subrata and Suvendu
respectively (Fig. 40).
During 2012-13, only three varieties Moitree,
Subrata and HUL-57 were provided to farmers.
Moitree yield highest (1757 kg/ha) followed by
HUL-57 (1745 kg/ha) and Subrata (1644 kg/ha)
(Fig. 41) over local checks.
Distribution of the inputs to the participating farmers at Malda
Fig.39 Performance of lentil varieties in
Malda (2010-11)
Fig.40 Performance of lentil varieties in Malda
(2011-12)
Fig.41 Performance of lentil varieties in Malda (2012-13)
- 43 -
From three years it can be concluded that on an average Moitree performed best with
61.95% followed by HUL-57, Arun and Subrata with 56.36%, 41.62% and 40.28% increase
in yield over farmers’ cultivar (Fig. 42).
The three years per cent increase
in yield over local has given a
linear growth trend. With the
implementation of project year
after year in selected villages
increase in average yield, even in
local check has been recorded
(Fig. 43).
With taking care of all the activities during all the crop phenological stages farmers realized
good returns in terms of yields of high quality lentils. They were also given training on post-
harvest measures for proper post-harvest management of the crop produce before selling in
the market so that they can fetch good price of their produce.
Vigorous crop of Lentil Boro rice replaced by lentil in Malda
Fig.42 Overall performance of lentil varieties in Malda (2010-13)
Fig.43 Overall lentil productivity in target villages of Malda
(2010-13)
- 44 -
6. Comparative study on normal V/S paira/relay cropping
A comparative study on cropping system (normal v/s relay) has been conducted at different
project sites.
6.1 MESADM, Malda
In Malda district (2012-13), it was observed that normal cropping of lentil has given more
yields over relay cropping. Variety Moitree exhibited 16.55% followed by Subrata with
11.06% higher yield than relay cropping.
Table 6.1 compative study on cropping system
Variety
Yield kg/ha % of increased yield over Paira cropping Normal sown Paira/Utera/Relay
Moitree 1698.09 1457 16.55
Subrata 1527.03 1375 11.06
HUL-57 1555.67 1437.5 8.22
Asha 1420 1335 6.37
6.2 PORS, Murshidabad
At village Basubedkhali of Murshidabda this study has been conducted by PORS,
Berhampore. It was recorded that variety Moitree performed well under normal (1631 kg/ha)
with 37.15% higher than relay (1025 kg/ha) cropping, whereas Subrata have given 27.13%
more yield under normal cropping.
Winnowing of lentil
- 45 -
Table 6.2 compative study on cropping system
Village Name of variety
Yield (Kg/ha) % increase over relay
cropping Normal sown Relay/Poira/Ute
ra
Basudebkhali Moitree 1631 1025 37.15
Subrata 1596 1163 27.13
6.3 AAU, Assam
In Nagaon percentage increase/decrease in yield over normal sown crop is given below:
Table 6.3 compative study on cropping system
Village Name of variety
Yield (Kg/ha) % increase/decrease over Normal sown Normal sown Relay/Poira/Utera
Awna Moitree 905 1050 16.0
HUL 57 945 1050 11.1
IPL 81 880 813 -7.6
KLS 218 865 763 -11.8
Halowagaon Moitree 1013 1191 17.6
HUL 57 985 1050 6.6
IPL 81 900 912 01.3
KLS 218 900 840 -6.7
PL 406 795 825 3.8
Bheleuguri HUL 57 788 933 18.4
IPL 81 728 813 11.7
Palashagaon Moitree 1094 769 -29.7
Sologuri east Moitree 1275 1179 -7.5
HUL 57 1263 1087 -13.9
IPL 81 1267 1077 -15.0
KLS 218 1043 957 -8.2
PL 406 1050 873 -16.9
Mahkhuli Moitree 1410 1039 -26.3
HUL 57 1328 1031 -22.4
IPL 81 1170 825 -29.5
KLS 218 1103 761 -31.0
PL 406 953 645 -32.3
Jamugurikorchung Moitree 990 1077 8.8
HUL 57 864 999 15.6
IPL 81 915 929 1.5
KLS 218 945 920 -2.6
PL 406 930 915 -1.6
- 46 -
6.4 SPARK, Panta
In Sihi village of Patna district 19.08% increase in yield over relay cropping recorded with variety NDL-1.
Table 6.4 compative study on cropping system
Village Name of variety
Yield (Kg/ha) % increase over relay cropping Normal sown Relay/Poira/Utera
Sihi NDL-1 1161 975 19.08
7. Area covered under Rice-Fallow
Among the target States, in Nagaon district of Assam maximum area under rice-fallow has
been cropped with lentil where no crop earlier was grown. In the other states, in the areas
where irrigation facilities are not available and due to which majority of these areas, rice are
being sown with the view to get mainly the biomass for feed (if not revenue from the yield)
were considered as rice-fallow. In residual moisture lentil crop has been introduced in these
areas with matching technologies resulting into very encouraging results, motivating the
farmers to use more and more these lands for the lentil cultivation. The increase in area of
these Rice-Fallows has been as given below:
Year Area (ha)
2010-11 90.0
2011-12 182
2012-13 312 (Assam 78.5 ha, W.Bengal 42. ha, Bihar; 124.5 ha; UP: 67.5ha)
During the project period 584 ha area under rice-fallow were covered with lentil cultivation
giving proper utilization of residual moisture after rice crop harvest. The paira/utera method
of lentil cultivation has been more successful in these areas.
Table 7.1 Area covered under rice-fallow centre wise
District Area (ha) Total
2010-11 2011-12 2012-13
Nagaon 24.32 38.20 78.5 141.02
Patna 14.40 21.71 53.45 89.56
Nalanda 9.16 12.66 52.00 73.82
Muzaffarpur 10.00 17.00 19.00 46.00
Ballia 04.50 33.80 24.59 62.89
Fatehpur 09.30 24.74 25.78 59.82
Malda 11.00 18.00 26.00 55.00
- 47 -
Chandauli 6.40 13.53 16.63 36.56
Murshidabad 0.92 2.7 16.63 19.62
Total 90.00 182.34 312.95 584.29
8. Studies on Yield Advantage
As an important activity under the lentil enhancement project trials were conducted to
ascertain the impact of either variety or technological interventions alone or in combination
over the farmers’ varieties and farmers’ practice. For this three trials were conducted and
yields realised under separate trials are mentioned below:
8.1 Trial No. 1- Yield advantage due to improved variety
When the trials were conducted for
ascertaining impact of improved HYVs
over farmers’ varieties, it was observed
that HYVs in general gave 10-20 per
cent higher yields compared to local
variety and clearly show importance of
HYVs in getting higher yields and
returns (Fig. 44).
8.1.1 Nalanda, Bihar (ICARDA, New Delhi)
Year A B % Increase of B over A Local Variety + Farmers’
Practice Improved Variety + Farmers’ Practice
2011-12 938 HUL-57 (1085) 15.67
902 Moitree (1065) 18.07
2012-13 926 PL-6 (1069) 15.44
956 NDL-1 (1113) 16.42
925 IPL-81 (1085) 17.29
8.1.2 SPARK, Patna (Bihar)
Year A B % Increase of B over A Local Variety + Farmers’
Practice Improved Variety + Farmers’ Practice
2011-12 1029 HUL-57 (1236) 20.11
2012-13 805 PL-6 (962) 19.50
8.1.3 Chandauli, Uttar Pradesh (ICARDA, New Delhi)
Year A B % Increase of B over A Local Variety + Farmers’
Practice Improved Variety + Farmers’ Practice
2011-12 1050 HUL-57 (1280) 21.80
Fig. 44 Yield advantage due to improved variety
- 48 -
950 HUL-57 (1120) 17.89
730 HUL-57 (800) 09.59
8.1.4 MESADM, Malda (West Bengal)
Year A B % Increase of B over A Local Variety + Farmers’
Practice Improved Variety + Farmers’ Practice
2012-13 1120 1305 16.51
1020 1270 24.51
1045 1280 22.49
8.1.5 PORS, Murshidabad (West Bengal)
Year A B % Increase of B over A Local Variety + Farmers’
Practice Improved Variety + Farmers’ Practice
2012-13 1045 1290 23.44
8.2 Trial No. 2- Yield advantage due to production package
Trials conducted for determining impact
of improved technology over farmers’
practice, it was observed that improved
technologies gave 25-45 per cent
higher yields compared to Farmers’
practice and clearly show importance of
improved technology and management
practices in getting higher yields and
economic returns.
8.2.1 Nalanda, Bihar (ICARDA, New Delhi)
Year A B % Increase of B over A Local/Improved variety +
Farmers’ Practice Local/Improved variety
+ Improved Technologies
2011-12 988 1305 32.08
1020 1385 35.78
2012-13 964 1281 32.88
988 1295 31.07
925 1240 34.05
Fig.45 Yield advantage due to production package
- 49 -
8.2.2 RAU, Muzaffarpur
Year A B % Increase of B over A Local/Improved variety +
Farmers’ Practice Local/Improved variety + Improved Technologies
2011-12 1085 1375 26.72
8.2.3 SPARK, Patna
Year A B % Increase of B over A Local/Improved variety +
Farmers’ Practice Local/Improved variety + Improved Technologies
2011-12 856 1158 35.28
2012-13 962
1282 33.00
8.2.4 Chandauli, UP (ICARDA, New Delhi)
Year A B % Increase of B over A Local/Improved variety +
Farmers’ Practice Local/Improved variety + Improved Technologies
2011-12 1200 1680 40.00
1080 1600 48.15
1250 1670 33.60
900 1320 46.66
8.2.5 MESADM, Malda, West Bengal
Year A B % Increase of B over A Local/Improved variety +
Farmers’ Practice Local/Improved variety + Improved Technologies
2011-12 9.82 14.96 65.20 %
2012-13 1305 1703 30.50
1270 1526 20.16
1295 1718 32.66
8.2.6 PORS, Murshidabad, West Bengal
Year A B % Increase of B over A Local/Improved variety +
Farmers’ Practice Local/Improved variety + Improved Technologies
2012-13 1290 1630 26.37
8.3 Trial No. - 3 Yield advantage due to improved variety and improved production
package
Trials conducted for determining impact of
improved variety with improved technology
over local variety with farmers’ practice it
was observed that HYVs with improved
Fig.46 Yield advantage due to improved variety and production package
- 50 -
technologies gave 30-65 per cent higher yields compared to cultivation of local varieties with
farmers’ practices and clearly show importance of improved technology and management
practices in getting higher yields and economic returns.
8.3.1 Nalanda, Bihar (ICARDA, New Delhi)
Year A B % Increase of B over A Local Variety + Farmers’
Practice Improved Variety +
Improved Technologies
2011-12 819 HUL-57 (1378) 63.08
886 IPL-81 (1328) 32.08
757 Moitree (1211) 43.31
921 PL-6 (1435) 69.82
2012-13 968 IPL-406 (1474) 52.27
938 HUL-57 (1465) 56.18
925 IPL-81(1353) 46.27
956 PL-8 (1482) 55.02
8.3.2 RAU, Muzaffarpur
Year A B % Increase of B over A Local Variety + Farmers’
Practice Improved Variety +
Improved Technologies
2011-12 885 HUL-57 (1490) 68.36
845 Arun (1417) 67.69
798 KLS- 218 (1330) 66.67
785 Moitree (1305) 66.24
2012-13 956 HUL-57 (1625) 69.79
973 KLS-218 (1567) 61.04
943 PL-6 (1388) 47.18
8.3.3 SPARK, Patna
Year A B % Increase of B over A Local Variety + Farmers’
Practice Improved Variety +
Improved Technologies
2011-12 726 HUL-57 (1216) 67.49
613 IPL-81 (998) 62.80
643 KLS-218 (1047) 62.83
2012-13 810 1282 58
8.3.4 Chandauli, UP (ICARDA, New Delhi)
Year A B % Increase of B over A Local Variety + Farmers’
Practice Improved Variety +
Improved Technologies
2011-12 720 Moitree (1360) 88.88 %
950 KLS-218 (1680) 76.84 %
850 HUL-57 (1680) 97.64 %
800 IPL-81 (1500) 87.50 %
610 PL-6 (800) 31.14 %
- 51 -
8.3.5 MESADM, Malda, WB
Year A B % Increase of B over A Local Variety +
Farmers’ Practice Improved Variety +
Improved Technologies 2011-12 Local Moitree 73.96 %
Local HUL-57 57.54 %
Local Subrata 49.68 %
Local Subhendu 39.68 %
2012-13 1120 1703 52.05
1020 1526 49.61
1045 1718 54.83
8.3.6 PORS, Murshidabad
Year A B % Increase of B over A Local/Improved variety
+ Farmers’ Practice Local/Improved variety + Improved Technologies
2012-13 1045 1630 55.98
9. Selection of farmer- preferred varieties through FPVS
A number of different varieties that have been provided to the selected farmers and best
varieties have been selected on the basis of yield performance, seed size, cotyledon colour,
resistant to insect-pest & diseases, duration of the crop (which fitted in cropping system),
mode of cultivation (Normal/Relay/Rice-fallow/Zero-tillage) and other attributes. The list of
preferred varieties is given below:
Table 9.1 Farmer-preferred varieties under different cropping systems
State District Sowing method Preferred variety
Assam Nagaon Relay Cropping/Normal
sowing
Moitree, HUL-57, PL-406, KLS-
218*
Bihar Muzaffarpur Relay and Normal sowing HUL-57, Arun, KLS-218, PL-6*
Patna Relay cropping Moitree, IPL-81, PL-8
Normal sowing NDL-1, PL-8, KLS-218, IPL-406*
Nalanda Relay cropping KLS-218, PL-8, IPL-81
Normal sowing KLS-218, NDL-1, HUL-57, IPL-
406*
Uttar Pradesh Ballia Normal sowing HUL-57, NDL-1
Relay cropping PL-6, NDL-1
Zero-tillage PL-6, Moitree
Chandauli Relay cropping HUL-57, Moitree, NDL-1, IPL-81
Normal sowing KLS-218, Moitree, HUL-57,
Zero- tillage HUL-57, Moitree, NDL-1
Fatehpur Normal Sowing NDL-1, HUL-57, DPL-62
- 52 -
Zero-tillage PL-6, Moitree
West Bengal Malda Relay cropping Moitree, HUL-57, Subrata
Normal sowing Moitree, HUL-57
Murshidabad Relay and Normal sowing Moitree, Subrata, PL-6, NDL-1*
*Those varieties which have been provided in the third year of the project.
10. Yield with technological interventions over local, State and National
average
The improved variety and improved package of practices gave on an average 50.84 per cent
more yield compared to farmers’ practices. The national average productivity of lentil during
2010-11 was 591 kg/ha. On an average there is an increase of yield 64.66 per cent over
State and 112.86 per cent over National average. Lentil yield in demonstration plots ranged
between 835 kg/ha (Nagaon, Assam) to 1472 kg/ha (Malda, West Bengal).
Table 10.1 Yield advantages of improved technologies
State Location Yield (Kg/ha) Increase
over
Local (%)
Increase
over State
(%)
Increase
over
National
(%)
Average
Farmers’
Local
Average
Demonstratio
n plot
Assam Nagaon
608 835 37.34 67.00 41.29
Bihar Muzaffarpur
889 1437 61.64 64.23 143.15
Patna 707 1273 80.06 45.49 115.40
Nalanda
886 1304 47.18 49.03 120.64 Uttar
Pradesh
Ballia
847 1198 41.44 72.37 102.71
Fatehpur
868 1379 58.87 98.42 133.33
Chandauli
718 1076 49.86 54.82 82.06
West
Bengal
Murshidaba
d
1035 1348 30.24 61.82 128.09
Malda 948 1472 55.27 76.71 149.07
Average 834 1258 50.84 64.66 112.86
Directorate of Economics and Statistics, DAC, Ministry of Agriculture, GOI, India, 2010-11, State average yield Assam- 500 kg/ha, Bihar- 875 kg/ha, Uttar Pradesh- 695 kg/ha and West Bengal- 833 Kg/ha and National average 591 kg/ha
11. Quality seed production
Seed production was one of the important activities under the project, keeping this objective
in mind a huge amount of the seed have been produced under the project in three years. A
total of 13445.67 quintals (First year- 1966 q, second year- 2994.57 q and in third year-
8485.10 q) of quality seeds of high yielding lentil varieties were produced under the project
- 53 -
for the continuity of seed chain at village level. To strengthen the quality lentil seed
production, village seed hubs with farmers’ participation were created. Different types of
seeds like foundation seed, certified seed and truthfully labeled seeds were produced in
significant quantity with farmers participation duly certified by State Seed Certification
Agencies.
Seed certification officer visiting the field at Fatehpur (Uttar Pradesh)
54
Table 11.1 Centre-wise quality seed production in 2011-12 (q)
Centre HUL-57 Moitree KLS-218 PL-6 NDL-1 Arun Subrata IPL-81 PL-8 Asha
FS CS TL FS CS TL FS CS TL FS TL FS TL CS TL FS TL FS FS
Nalanda, Bihar (ICARDA, New Delhi)
68.41 - 123.90 - - 106.25 69.50 - - - 24.50 - - - - - 49.00 - -
RAU, Muzaffarpur - 95.34 72.90 - 59.02 71.00 - 56.31 75.60 - - - - 56.74 101.00 - - - -
SPARK, Patna
10.12 47.60 40.40 22.34 21.90 14.40 35.00 - 20.22 18.00 - 16.56 20.78
Chandauli, UP (ICARDA, New Delhi)
25.00 - 48.80 - 80.00 - 8.00 - - 10.00 - - - - - - 78.00 - -
Ballia, UP (IIPR, Kanpur)
- - - - - - - - - - - - 393.00 - - - - - -
Fatehpur, UP (IIPR, Kanpur) - - - - - - - - - - - 75.00 111.00 - - - - - -
MESADM, Malda, WB - - 172.00 178.00 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
PORS, Murshidabad - - 71.43 186.00 - - - - - 37.65 - - - - - 190.50 - - 33.40
Total
103.53 142.94 529.43 386.34 160.92 191.65 112.50 56.30 95.82 65.65 24.50 75.00 504.00 56.74 101.00 190.50 143.56 20.78 33.40
FS= Foundation Seed, CS= Certified Seed and TLS= Truthfully Labelled Seed
55
Table 11.2 Centre-wise quality seed production in 2012-13 (q)
Centre HUL-57 Moitree KLS-218 PL-6 NDL-1 Subrata IPL-81 PL-8 Asha
PL-406
IPL-406 DPL-62
Pusa Vaibha
v
FS CS TL FS CS TL FS
CS TL FS TL FS TL FS TL CS TL FS TL FS TL FS TL FS FS
TL
AAU, Nagaon
- - 114.54
- - 107.33
- - 63.17
- - - - - - - 91.21
- - - 27.08
- - - - -
Nalanda, Bihar (ICARDA, New Delhi)
- - 243.55 -
- 60.30 - - 213.60
70.07 335.09
114.59
89.73 - - 309.38
50.37 215.87
- - 84.58 49.79 - - -
RAU, Muzaffarpur
- 91.72
76.40 - - - - 74.95
88.10 134.63
- - - - - - - 143.07
- - - - - - - -
SPARK, Patna
- - 227.13 - - 36.91 - - 126.21
86.22 379.04
48.82 129.55 - - - 202.22
14.73 242.37
- - 82.58 93.66 - - -
Chandauli, UP (ICARDA, New Delhi)
3.55 0.45 9.63 1.73 - 3.35 3.41
0.20 6.35 - 1.48 - - - - 10.02
0.20 14.51 - - - - - - 3.00
0.54
Ballia, UP (IIPR, Kanpur)
- - 569.32 - - 104.49 - - - 107.22
- 88.45 1161.16
- - - - - - - - - - - - -
Fatehpur, UP (IIPR, Kanpur)
- - 184.17 - - - - - - 52.88 - 61.33 - - - - - - - - - - - 77.61 - -
MESADM, Malda, WB
14.35
- 16.80 44.00 557.60
32.00 - - - - - - - 23.20 15.20 - - - - 13.06 - - - - - -
PORS, Murshidabad
- - - 168.75
- 126.15 - - - 26.50 60.75 34.50 48.45 156.63
150.65
- - - - 12.90 - - - - - -
Total 17.9 92.17
1441.54
214.48
557.60
470.53 3.41
75.15
497.43
477.52
776.36
347.69
1428.89
179.83
165.85
10.02
603.01
222.68
458.24
25.96 27.08 167.16
143.45
77.61 3.00
0.54
FS= Foundation Seed, CS= Certified Seed and TLS= Truthfully Labelled Seed
56
Table 11.3 Variety-wise quality seed production 2010-11 (q)
Varieties Class of Seed
Foundation Seed Certified Seed Truthfully Labelled Seed
Moitree 71 - -
Asha - 19 -
Subrata - 130 -
Shuvendru - - 2
Arun - 100 322
KLS-218 8 - -
NDL-1 393
86 177
HUL-57 69
- 520
IPL-81 - - 69
Total 541 335 1090
Table 11.4 Variety-wise quality seed production 2011-12 (q)
Variety FS CS TL Total
HUL-57 103.53 142.94 529.43 775.90
Moitree 386.34 160.92 191.65 738.91
KLS-218 112.50 56.31 95.82 264.63
PL-6 65.65 - 24.50 90.15
NDL-1 75.00 - 504.00 579.00
Arun - 56.74 101.00 157.74
Subrata 190.50 - - 190.50
IPL-81 - - 143.56 143.56
PL-8 20.78 - - 20.78
Asha 33.40 - - 33.40
Total 987.70 416.91 1589.96 2994.57
Table 11.5 Variety wise total seed production in 2012-13 (q)
Variety FS CS TL Total
HUL-57 17.9 92.17 1441.54 1551.61
Moitree 214.48 557.60 470.53 1242.61
KLS-218 3.41 75.15 497.43 575.99
PL-6 477.52 - 776.36 1253.88
NDL-1 347.69 - 1428.89 1776.58
Subrata 179.83 165.85 345.68
IPL-81 - 10.02 603.01 613.03
PL-8 222.68 - 458.24 680.92
Asha 25.96 - - 25.96
57
PL-406 - - 27.08 27.08
IPL-406 167.16 - 143.45 310.61
DPL-62 77.61 - - 77.61
Pusa Vaibhav 3.00 - 0.54 3.54
Total 1737.24 734.94 6012.92 8485.1
Table 11.6 Variety wise seed produced during project period in 2010-13 (q)
Varieties
Class of Seed
Foundation Seed Certified Seed Truthfully Labelled Seed
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
HUL-57 69 103.53 17.9 - 142.94 92.17 520 529.43 1441.54
Moitree 71 386.34 214.48 - 160.92 557.60 - 191.65 470.53
KLS-218 8 112.50 3.41 - 56.30 75.15 - 95.82 497.43
PL-6 - 65.65 477.52 - - - - 24.50 776.36
NDL-1 393 75.00 347.69 86 - - 177 504.00 1428.89
Arun - - - 100 56.74 - 322 101.00 -
Subrata - 190.50 179.83 130 - - - - 165.85
IPL-81 - - - - - 10.02 69 143.56 603.01
PL-8 - 20.78 222.68 - - - - - 458.24
Asha - 33.40 25.96 19 - - - - -
IPL-406 - - 167.16 - - - - - 143.45
PL-406 - - - - - - - - 27.08
Pusa Vaibhav
- - 3.00 - - - - - 0.54
DPL-62 - - 77.61 - - - - - -
Suvendu - - - - - - 02 - -
Total 541 987.70 1737.24
335 416.91 734.94
1090 1589.96 6012.92
Centre wise details of the seed production (2012-13) is attached as Annexure (i)
12. Creation of seed hubs for seed security
For sustainable seed chain in village level, village-based seed hubs have been created at all
project locations. In three years, a total of sixteen seed hubs have been established out of
which six are already registered and rest are under process of registration. These seed hubs
are community-based, owned and managed by farming communities at village level. By
establishing seed hubs at village level, farmers will be self-sufficient in quality seed, they can
access to seed timely and they can generate employment & additional income by selling the
quality seeds to other neighbouring/needy farmers. However, Seed processing units are not
available in most of the districts.
58
Table 12.1 Details of village seed-hubs
S. No. Name of seed hubs
1. Beej Vikas Sewa Samiti, Bindiki, Fatehpur
2. Beej Vikas Sewa Samiti, Thatharahi, Fatehpur
3. Kameshwar Dham Kisan Sewa Samiti, Karo, Ballia
4. Jai Vigyan Kisan Sewa Samiti, Tutuwari, Ballia
5. Medaura Kisan Sewa Samiti, Medaura Kala, Ballia
6. Sardar Ballabh Bhai Patel Beej Utpadak Samiti, Barora, Chandauli
7. Disari Farmers’ Club, Dangrail, Malda
8. Sambalpur Cooperative Society, Malda
9. Sabuj Baahini Farmers Club Bidyanandapu Chanchal, Malda
10. Debiganj Dishari Farmers Club, Debiganj, Chanchal, Malda
11. Sarkar Beej Ghar, Bawrah, Murshidabad
12. Kohinoor Seed House, Bholla, Murshidabad
13. Razzak Seed Hub, Basudebkali, Murshidabad
14. SHG for Seed Production, Auta, Mokama, Patna
15. SHG for Seed Production, Mohanpur- Abgila, Patna
16. Kisan Beej Utpadan Samiti (SHG), Lachhubigha, Nalanda
13. Beyond the boundaries
For the first time Lentil crop has been introduced and is established in North Eastern States
of Nagaland, Mizoram, Manipur, Tripura and Meghalaya by ICARDA with the help of ICAR
Research Complex for North-Eastern Hill (NEH) Region, Shillong. The results of the trials
conducted has revealed significantly higher returns realised by the farmers in these states
for the first time and due to enthusiasm among farmers and their innovativeness for adoption
of this crop and improved production technology. This made ICARDA to supply additional
amount of seed, PL-6: 62 q and Moitree: 4 q to Tripura during 2012-13.
14. Enhancing knowledge through capacity development ICARDA-SACRP and its partners organized a series of awareness workshops, farmers’
trainings, farmers’ fairs, field days, trainer’s training, field school, women training and
scientist-farmers interactions etc. to make farmers aware about the production technologies,
post-harvest management, seed production technologies, processing etc. These capacity
development programmes were highly successful in reaching out to the farming community
at grass root level. A total of more than 7600 farmers which included more than 550 women
farmers participated in these capacity development programmes. These capacity building
programmes were attended by both participating farmers and also farmers from beyond the
59
project areas. The topics which were discussed during these capacity development
programmes i.e. varietal selection, selection of field, date of sowing, seed-treatment, seed
priming, identification of diseases & insects that hamper the production & productivity of lentil
and post-harvest technologies etc. The details of capacity development is given below
Table 14.1 Consolidated capacity development during 2010-13
Activities 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 Total
Farmers’ Field
School/Training/Field day
50 96 102 248
Trainers’ Training 02 02 03 07
Seed production training 07 18 14 39
Travelling Seminar 01 01 - 02
Glimpses of various capacity development activities
Farmers’ training at Ballia Women participation in farmers’ training at Chandauli
60
Workshop organized at Nagaon (Assam) Scientists- Farmers Group interaction at Patna, Bihar
Active participation by Women farmers at
Nagaon
Travelling Workshop
Farmers’ training at Ballia
Farmers’ Training at Patna
61
Dr. S.A. Kamel, Dr. Michael Baum, Dr. A. Aziz Niane and Dr. Shiv Kumar Agarwal from
ICARDA visited India for examining performance of improved technologies and for over
viewing ongoing project activities conducted at project sites.
15. Monitoring and Evaluation of project
Review and evaluation of results of project implementation is very essential for success of
any project. This helps in gap-identification & its mid-term correction. Frequent monitoring of
implementation provides timely guidenace and improves the work efficiently for better output.
Here this has been achieved through three different steps:
1. Annual Review Workshop
2. Steering Committee Meeting for Review and Policy decisions
Field day at Murshidabad Farmers’ training at Malda
Farmers’ training at Muzaffarpur Field day at Patna
62
3. National Level Monitoring at field level
15.1 Annual Review Workshop
Every year Annual workshop has been organized where all the activities and outcomes of
project implementation have been discusses in different technical sessions. Next year work
plan were discussed and if required modified as per the feed back and advice received from
Steering Committee & Monotoring Committee.
During the Annual Review Workshop held on 24-25 July, 2013 the following
recommendations were adopted for further action:
To increase the production and area under lentil, concentrate only on 2-3 varieties
which are preferred by the farmers and performing best in that area, on the basis of
findings during the last three years.
Specific technological interventions (2% foliar spray of urea, seed treatment with
fungicide, rhizobium, etc.) should be provided to the farmers to boost the yield.
Additionally, application of Borax in acidic soils should be followed as per
recommendation.
In many states, relay cropping performed well like Malda (West Bengal, Assam),
therefore, it was recommended that in those states relay cropping with recommended
varieties should be continued. Zero-tillage or minimum tillage should be promoted in
some states, like Bihar.
Presently the Seed Hubs in the form of seed society and the partners are providing
Foundation Seed, Certified Seed to National Seed Corporations (NSC) and State
Seed Corporations (SSC). However, there is a need to have some criteria for the
sustainability of the Seed Hubs at village level and also develop suitable strategies to
keep seed at village level to meet farmers’ requirements in that area.
Establish linkages between seed hubs and concerned State Government. Buy-back
system of quality seed from the project funds should be in place.
Keeping nutritional security in mind, high Fe and Zn containing varieties (like Pusa
Vaibhav) should be provided to the farmers. Periodic analysis of Fe and Zn contents
to be done.
63
Realizing the progress under the project in terms of varietal identification in various
cropping situations/systems/states, seed production of different categories, capacity
development of farmers/extensionists, the project activities should be expanded in
new areas.
Remote areas, backward regions, rice-fallow, marginal farmers, schedule caste and
tribal community etc. should be given emphasis in next phase of the project
It was strongly recommended by the Chairman, Co-Chairman and the House that the
project should be continued to achieve more production of lentil to address mal-
nutrition in the country.
The proceedings of three Annual review workshops held on 17-18 June, 2011; 21-22, May
2012 and 24-25, July 2013 are appended herewith as Annexure (iii)-(v)
15.2 Steering Committee Meeting
First Steering Committee Meeting held on 1st September, 2011 in Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi
under the Chairmanship of Agricultural Commissioner, Govt. of India. The project
implementation and its outcome were discussed in details and some action points were
suggested.
Second Steering Committee Meeting held on 14th September, 2012 under Chairmanship of
Joint Secretary (Crops) & Mission Director, NFSM, Govt. of India at ICARDA Conference
Room, NASC Complex, New Delhi. After reviewing and analyzing the outcome of two years
project implementation. Some action points were suggested for further action. The
proceedings of 1st and 2nd Steering Committee Meetings are appended herewith as
Annexure (vi) & (vii).
15.3 National Monitoring
During 2010-11, National Monitoring Team was not constituted. However, a team of three
International Scientists visited some of the Project implementation sites in Uttar Pradesh and
Bihar and provided their scientific input to the Project implementation.
During 2011-12, a National Monitoring Team was constituted vide letter No. CPS 5-34/2010-
NFSM Dated 1st February 2012 (Annexure-viii). The team visited UP, Bihar and West
Bengal and discussed with participating farmers and provided some suggestions on the
64
sopt. The National Monitoring Committee by DAC vide no. CPS 5-25/2009- NFSM (Vol-II),
dated 22.02.2013 (Annexure-ix). The team visited Bihar, West Bengal and Assam and
interact with farmers and Government Officials. The report of the team members of
Monitoring Committee are appended herewith as Annexure (x) & (xi).
16- Publication of extension materials
Twenty four extension bulletins such as
leaflets, booklets, pamphlets and brochures
etc. in Hindi, English, Bengali and
Assamese have been published and
distributed during the capacity development
programmes among the farmers/extension
agents to make them updated/aware about
the profitable cultivation of the lentil. A brief
list of these publications is given below
Table 16.1 Details of the publications
S. No. Details of the publication Language Type
1. Lentil- A Healthy Food English Flyer
2. Technical Manual on Quality Seed Production of Lentil Englsih Booklet
3. Krishak Bhagidari Dwara Masoor Ka Beej Utpadan Hindi Booklet
4. Masoor me Maahu Niyantran Hindi Leaflet
5. Musur Chash Bengali Booklet
6. Paira Chash Bengali Booklet
7. Unnata Prathay Musur Chas Bengali Leaflet
8. Masoor Ki Unnat Kheti Hindi Leaflet
9. Masoor Me Beej Utpadan Hindi Leaflet
10. Unnat Takniki Dwara Masoor Utpadan Hindi Booklet
11. Masoor: Ek Swasthaya Bhojan Hindi Pamphlet
12. Lentil to Bolster Nutritional Security English Leaflet
13. Masoor Ke Vibhinn Vayanjan Hindi Booklet
14. Bihar me Massor Utpadan ki Vaigyanik Takniki Hindi Booklet
15. Krishak Sahbhagidari Dwar Masoor ka Beej Utpadan Hindi Booklet
16. Khadya, pusti nirapatta aru unnata gramyojibikar babe Axamat masur mahar utpadan briddhir baigyanik pajukti
Assamese Leaflet
17. Unnata prathay Paira Musur Chas Bengali Booklet
18. Unnata o baiganik prathay Musur chas Bengali Booklet
19. Beejotpandan ke liye masoor ki Unnat Package Pranali Hindi Leaflets
20. Unnata Prathay Musur Chas Bengali Leaflet
21. Paira Paddhatite Musur Chas Bengali Leaflet
22. Masoor Ki Unnat Kheti Hindi Leaflet
23. Masoor Me Beej Utpadan Hindi Leaflet
24. Masoor Ki Unnat Kheti evam Beej Utpadan ki Adhunik Taknik
Hindi Booklet
A view of publications
65
17. Media reportage
The on-going activities of the ICARDA and its National partners have been covered by
different regional newspapers. The glimpses of some news coverage are given below.
66
18. Spread of improved varieties
Befor project implementation during 2010-11, out of 5364 ha total area under lentil in 136
villages only 210 ha was cultivated with improved varieties. Being convenced with higher
yield from improved varieties (demonstration), non-participating farmers started exchanging
their local seeds with improved varieties from participating farmers. This led to farmers to
farmers spread of improved varieties in thses villages. By the end of project (2012-13), 2880
ha came under improved varieties. So, out of 5417 ha area under lentil cultivation in 136
villages, where project was under operation, 2880 ha area has been brought under new
improved lentil varieties in past 3 years of project implementation, thus making 53.16%
VRR/SRR. The details of year-wise spread of improved varieties are given in the Table
below:
67
Table 18.1 Project Impact analysis: Spread of Improved variety & replacement of area with improved variety under the project
Area conversion from local to improved variety(s) of lentil
S. No.
Name of district
No. of villages
Total area
under lentil (ha.)
Area under
improved variety (ha.)
before 2010
2010-11
Increase in
improved varieties area(ha)
2011-12 Increase in
improved varieties area(ha)
2012-130201 Increase in
improved varieties area(ha)
Area under local
variety (ha.)
Area under
improved variety (ha.)
Area under local
variety (ha.)
Area under
improved variety (ha.)
Area under local
variety (ha.)
Total area
under improved
variety (ha.)
1 Nagaon 14 141 12 109 32 20 80 61 29 356 107 46
2 Muzaffarpur 14 1206 36 1115 91 55 1000 205 114 771 435 230
3 Patna 16 1266 43 1159 107 64 1012 255 148 773 493 238
4 Nalanda 14 558 23 475 83 60 378 179 96 188 370 191
5 Chandauli 16 501 16 450 52 36 344 157 105 163 339 182
6 Balia 14 1163 40 1080 81 41 849 314 273 458 705 391
7 Fatehpur 14 1 1 1 11 10 0 42 31 0 54 12
8 Malda 19 187 11 161 27 16 141 47 20 92 96 49
9 Murshidabad 15 339 28 259 79 51 128 211 132 57 282 71
Total 136 5364 210 4811 563 353 3933 1472 948 2537 2880 1410
68
19. Economic impact of the pilot project
The impact analysis of pilot project implementation has revealed that there has been
tremendous effect on the society leading to several fold realization of the investment made in
the project. Both short-term and long-term benefits have been acknowledged by farmers of
four states, scientific personnel, policy planners and common man. The flow chart given
below depicts the benefits/gains from the project implementation:
Short-Term Effect
The short-term effect has been directly to participating farmers during implementation of the
Project in selected districts of Assam, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal.
Net higher income to participating farmers in every village has been calculated
directly from the demonstration conducted since 2010-11, the year of implementation of
Project. Farmer-wise yield of demonstration and check plot has been tabulated and
Impact of Project
Direct Monetary Benefit
to Participating Farmers Economic Gain
to Society
Long-Term Effect Short-term Effect
Increase in
pulse
productivity &
production
Improvement in soil
health: sustainable
agriculture
Net higher income
from demonstration
to farmers
Income from
seed production
to farmers
Economic gain from
spread of improved
varieties
Risk Management from
higher VRR/SRR
69
additional quantity of lentil produced from the area under demonstration was calculated (the
difference in per unit yield of demonstration and check plot was multiplied with area of
demonstration to know the additional yield of lentil). From the prevailing rate of lentil in
market, the total additional monetary benefit was calculated. Since all the inputs were
provided to the participating farmers, the additional monetary benefit was the net income
from the demonstration in his field.
Some of the farmers were trained in producing foundation and certified seeds. The
State Seed Certifying Agency certified the farmers’ seed after the same was processed.
Some of the farmers produced Truthful Labelled Seed (where seed certifying Agency could
not inspect the fields). These seeds were sold to farmers in same district and other states.
Since the rate of seeds are higher, participating farmers got higher income from sale of
these seeds.
Farmer to farmer spread of improved varieties of lentil is a normal phenomenon.
Seeing the better production of lentil from the improved varieties compared to local seed,
other farmers from the same village got the new variety seed in exchange of local variety,
from farmers who received the improved variety seed under the project for demonstration.
In this way, year after year the area under improved varieties increased in participating
villages. Since, replacement of local variety of lentil, with improved variety has given more
than 20% higher yield; the additional gain in yield was calculated on the basis of district
average yield for the area where improved variety has spread due to implementation of the
project.
Since, the additional production of lentil through demonstration, seed production and
spread of varieties has also produced additional biomass, leading to increase in quantity of
straw, the value of additional straw has also been a direct benefit to the farmers in short –
term.
The increase in SRR/VRR and the associated technology will be reducing the risk of
diseases in crop, the risk of crop failure due to disease is managed and the creation of seed
hubs in villages will continue the seed chain thus increase in VRR/SRR (Out of 5417 ha area
under lentil cultivation in 136 villages, where project was under operation, 2880 ha area has
been brought under new improved lentil varieties in past 3 years of project implementation,
thus making 53.16% VRR/SRR).
70
The district-wise and year-wise, economic gain (2010-13) to farmers and society is
attached as Annexure (xii), which clearly depicts that with the investment in the pilot project
implementation under NFSM-Pulses has given several fold higher returns to the society in
short term (during the project period itself). The investment of one rupee in this pilot
project has given return of 4.39 rupees.
Economic gain from the project (Rs. Lakh)
Table 19.1 Economic gain during 2010-13
Crop season
Additional gain due to improved
technologies
Additional gain due to spread
Value of
quality seed
Value of additional
straw
Total gain
Total fund released by
DAC
2010-11 30.4 0 42.5 10.4 83.3 54.5
2011-12 74.4 65.0 153.2 44.3 336.9 108.0
2012-13 94.3 105.9 464.9 103.2 768.3 108.4
Total 199.08 170.9 660.5 157.90 1188.5 270.9
The long-term impact due to improved soil health because of atmospheric nitrogen fixation,
increase in soil carbon etc. has been of enormous value to the agricultural production in
future. Continuous Rice-wheat cultivation has made the soil deficient in organic carbon,
imbalances in micro-nutrients and adversely affected the soil health leading to higher cost of
cultivation. The economic benefit to the farmers has convinced them to include lentil in their
cropping system.
71
20. Scientific personnel involved
Regional Coordinator Dr. Ashutosh Sarker
Regional Coordinator & Food Legume Breeder
ICARDA South Asia and China Regional Program
NASC Complex, New Delhi 110012, India
Liasioning Officer/Project
Coordinator
Dr. Rajendra Choudhury
ICARDA South Asia and China Regional Program
NASC Complex, New Delhi 110012, India
Research Associate Dr. Pooja Sah
ICARDA South Asia and China Regional Program
NASC Complex, New Delhi 110012, India
Senior Research Fellow Mr. Akhilesh Kumar Srivastava
S/O Shri Ram Naresh Lal
Village- Kakarahi Khurd
Post-Sadalpura, Dist. Chandauli
PIN 232120, U. P.
Senior Research Fellow
Mr. Md. Toufique Khan
C/O Mr. Md. Anis Khan
P.O.- Soh Sarai
P. S.-Soh Sarai Bandhu Bazar (Addapar)
Bihar Sharif, Dist- Nalanda, Bihar 803118
SPARK, Patna, Bihar Dr. Pawan Kumar
Pulse and Oilseed Breeder
Society for Promotion of Agril. Research &
Knowledge (SPARK), A-7, Krishi Nagar
Ashiana Nagar, Patna (Bihar)
Senior Research Fellow Mr. Manoj Kumar
Society for Promotion of Agril. Research &
Knowledge (SPARK), A-7, Krishi Nagar
Ashiana Nagar, Patna (Bihar)
IIPR, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh Dr. S.K. Singh
Principal Scientist (Extension)
Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR)
Kalyanpur, Kanpur, India
72
Research Associate Dr. Riyajuddin
Agricultural Extension Section
Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR)
Kalyanpur, Kanpur, India
Senior Research Fellow
Mr. Sanjay Yadav
Agricultural Extension Section
Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR)
Kalyanpur, Kanpur,
Senior Research Fellow
Mr. Vinay Shankar Ojha
Agricultural Extension Section
Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR)
Kalyanpur, Kanpur, India
RAU, Pusa, Bihar
Dr. Ajay Kumar Singh Pulse Breeder, Tirhut College of Agriculture (RAU) Dholi, Muzaffarpur - 843 121 Bihar
Senior Research Fellow Mr. Manoj Kumar Shukla Tirhut College of Agriculture (RAU) Dholi, Muzaffarpur - 843 121 Bihar
PORS, Berhampore, West Bengal Mr. Madan Mohan Srivastava Economic Botanist-II, PORS, Berhampore Disstt Murshidabad-742101; West Bengal
Senior Research Fellow Mr. Avishek Manna PORS, Berhampore Disstt Murshidabad-742101; West Bengal
MESADM, Kalyani, West Bengal Dr Suprovo Gupta Pulse Breeder, Chhaya Neer, Pragatinagar P.O. Chinsurah R.S. Dist. Hooghly Madhyamgram Ecofriendly Sustainable Agricultural Development Mission (MESADM), B 2/190 Kalyani, Nadia- 741 235; West Bengal
Senior Research Fellow Mr. Anwarul Islam P.O. Chinsurah R.S. Dist. Hooghly Madhyamgram Ecofriendly Sustainable Agricultural Development Mission (MESADM), B 2/190 Kalyani, Nadia- 741 235; West Bengal
AAU, Jorhat, Assam (CCPI) Dr. I. A. Sheikh Principal Scientist Lentil Breeder, Regional Agricultural Research Station (AAU), Shillongani, Dist. Nagaon 782 002, Assam
73
Acknowledgement
We wish to convey our deep sense of gratitude and indebtedness to the Secretary,
Department of Agriculture & Cooperation, Govt. of India for assigning such a unique project
under the National Food Security Mission (NFSM-Pulses), without which the present
investigation would not have been possible.
Deep sense of gratitude and thankfulness is also due to the Agriculture Commissioner and
Joint Secretary (Crops) & Mission Director (NFSM), Govt. of India, for their constant
guidance towards implementing the project. Their efforts helped us, both in methodology as
well as result demonstrations and also to build up an effective mechanism in certified seed
production process.
Critical review, analysis and policy planning guidance by Steering Committee; National
Monitoring Team and Chairman of different Technical Sessions during Annual Workshops
has tremendous effect on the successful implementation of the Project, we shall fail in our
duty if we don’t express our indebtedness and thankfulness to them.
Thanks are also due to Dr. R.S. Paroda, Ex-Secretary, DARE; Dr. Mangala Rai, Ex-
Secretary, DARE; Dr. J.S.Samra, C.E.O. & Chiarman, NRAA; Dr.Swapan Kr. Dutta, DDG
(Crops) ICAR; Dr. R.B .Singh, President, NAAS; Dr.B.B.Singh, ADG (OP), ICAR and
Dr.N.Nadarajan, Director, IIPR, Kanpur for their in-depth review, timely guidance and
valuable advice in implementing the project.
We express our sincere thanks and gratitude to Addl. Commissioner (Crop), Director (Crop),
Technical, Administrative and Finance personnel of Department of Agriculture &
Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India for their crucial input in implementation of
the project and timely sanction of financial grant and constitution of monitoring team which
has contributed a lot towards fruitful outcome of the project. Our thankfulness is also to
National Consultants (NFSM) for their technical guidance toward improving effectiveness
and efficiency of project implementation our quality of works.
We gratefully acknowledge efforts of the collaborating scientists and coordinating institutions
in implementing the pilot project sincerely is not properly acknowledged. The main credit for
success of project goes to our participating farmers, State Govt. Officials, Seed Certifying
agencies, and Extension officials and to the NDUA&T, Faizabad and GBPUA&T, Pantnagar
for supplying the Breeder Seed at right time. We owe our indebtedness to all of them.
Last but not least, we sincerely acknowledge the support and help of D.G., ICARDA, ADG-
ICC, Director-BIGM, Scientists from ICARDA H.Q.; scientific, administrative and financial
personnel of ICARDA South Asia & China Regional Program, New Delhi for their full support
and help in executing the project successfully.
74
Annexure-i
Centre wise seed produced (2012-13) Nagaon, AAU, Assam
Variety Production (q) TL seed
HUL-57 114.54
Moitree 107.33
IPL-81 91.21
KLS-218 63.17
PL-406 27.08
Total 403.33
Nalanda, ICARDA-SACRP, New Delhi
Lentil Variety
Seed Quantity (Qt.)
Foundation seed Truthfully labeled seed
NDL-1 114.59 89.73
IPL-406 84.58 49.79
PL-8 50.37 215.87
PL-6 70.07 335.09
KLS-218 - 213.60
HUL-57 - 243.55
IPL-81 - 309.38
Moitree - 60.30
Total 319.61 1517.31
Ballia, IIPR, Kanpur
Lentil Variety
Seed Quantity (Qt.)
Foundation seed Truthfully Labeled seed
NDL-1 88.45 1161.16
PL-6 107.22 -
HUL-57 - 569.32
Moitree - 104.49
Total 195.67 1834.97
Fatehpur, IIPR, Kanpur
Lentil Variety
Seed Quantity (Qt.)
Foundation seed Truthfully Labeled seed
NDL-1 61.33 -
PL-6 52.88 -
HUL-57 - 184.17
DPL-62 77.61 -
Total 191.82 184.17
75
Murshidabad, PORS, West Bengal
Lentil Variety
Seed Quantity (Qt.)
Foundation seed Truthfully Labeled seed
Moitree 168.75 126.15
Subrata 156.63 150.65
PL-6 26.50 60.75
N.D.L.-1 34.50 48.45
Asha 12.90 -
Total 399.28 386
Malda, MESADM, West Bengal
Lentil Variety
Seed Quantity (Qt.)
Foundation seed Certified seed Truthfully labeled seed
Moitree 44.00 557.60 32.00
Subrata 23.20 - 15.20
Asha 13.06 - -
HUL-57 14.35 - 16.80
Total 94.61 557.60 64.00
Grand total 716.21
Chandauli, ICARDA-SACRP, New Delhi
Lentil Variety
Seed Quantity (Qt.)
Foundation seed Certified seed Truthfully labeled seed
PL-8 14.51 - -
HUL-57 3.55 0.45 9.63
KLS-218 3.41 0.20 6.35
Moitree 1.73 - 3.35
IPL-81 - 10.02 0.20
PL-6 - - 1.48
Pusa Vaibhav 3.00 - 0.54
Total 26.2 10.67 21.55
Patna, SPARK, Bihar
Lentil Variety
Seed Quantity (Qt.)
Foundation seed Truthfully labeled seed
NDL-1 48.82 129.55
IPL-406 82.58 93.66
PL-8 14.73 242.37
PL-6 86.22 379.04
KLS-218 - 126.21
HUL-57 - 227.13
IPL-81 - 202.22
76
Moitree - 36.91
Total 232.35 1437.09
Grand Total 1669.44
Muzaffarpur, RAU, Bihar
Lentil Variety Seed Quantity (Qt.)
Foundation seed Certified seed Truthfully labeled seed
HUL-57 - 91.72 76.40
KLS-218 - 74.95 88.10
PL-6 134.63 - -
PL-8 143.07 - -
Total 277.7 166.67 164.5
Grand Total 608.87
77
Annexure-ii
Centre wise capacity development programmes (2012-13)
Nagaon, Assam
Activity Number District/village where conducted
Number of beneficiaries
Field Days/On farm workshop
06 Palashagaon, Nagaon District
122
IIPR, Kanpur
Activity Fatehpur Ballia
No. of activity
No. of participant
No. of activity
No. of participant
Training
IIPR Kanpur
Village level
02 07
132 176
01 08
10
185
Farmers Scientist interaction 06 172 03 110
Exposure Visit at IIPR 02 150 01 16
Exposure Visit at KVK farm 01 42 10 145
Farmers meeting 12 156 10 183
Field day 02 121 01 200
Nalanda, ICARDA-SACRP, New Delhi
Activities Number Number of beneficiaries
Farmers’ Field School 04 129
Training on Seed production and Storage 05 68
Travelling Workshop - -
Field days/Farmers’ day/Farmers Workshop 08 141
Trainers’ Training 01 08
Farmers’ Scientists interaction 10 102
Patna, SPARK, Bihar
Activity Number Place where conducted Number of beneficiaries
Field Days/On farm farmers fairs/Field school
08 Sihi, Gopalpur, Jawarpur- Koraiya, Chesi, Moldiyatola, Auta, Mohanpur,
Abgilla,
223
Farmers Workshop 07 Chesi, Gopalpur, Datiyana, Bilap Sihi, Arap & Jawarpur-Koraiya
215
Training for quality seed production
03 Sihi, Auta, Mohanpur, Abgilla, Babhanlai
65
78
PORS, Murshidabad, West Bengal
Activity Number District/village where conducted
Number of beneficiaries
Field Days/On farm farmers fairs/Field school
12 Ramna Sekhpara, Khoyramari, Khatua, Brahmonpara, Bholla
279
Trainings of farmers in seed production/PHT/Processing/Crop Husbandry
09 Ramna Sekhpara, Khoyramari, Khatua, Brahmonpara, Bholla
163
Farmers Workshop 11 Ramna Sekhpara, Khoyramari, Khatua, Brahmonpara, Bholla
187
Chandauli, ICARDA-SACRP, New Delhi
Activities Number Number of beneficiaries
Farmers’ Field School 2 43
Training on Seed production and Storage 3 68
Field days/Farmers’ day/Farmers Workshop 5 103
Farmers’ Scientists interaction 3 57
Malda, MESADM, West Bengal
Activity District/village where conducted
Number of beneficiaries
Trainings of farmers in seed production/PHT/Processing/Crop Husbandry
1) Vill+PO- Sovanagar, English Bazer, Malda 2) Vill- Gunshakrol PO –Bhabuk, Old Malda, Dist- Malda
No. of farmers- 53 Extensionist – 7 No. of farmers- 61 Extensionist – 7
RAU, Muzaffarpur, Bihar
Activity District/village where conducted
Number of beneficiaries
Field Days/On farm farmers fairs/Field school
Muzaffarpur/Pilkhi 30
Trainings of farmers in seed production/PHT/Processing/Crop Husbandry
TCA, Dholi, Muzaffarpur 50 (25+25)
Farmers Workshop TCA, Dholi,Muzaffarpur 120
Training of trainers/extensionists RAU, Pusa Samastipur 20
Travelling seminars organized RAU, Pusa Samastipur 30
79
Annexure-iii
Proceedings of Annual workshop on DAC-ICARDA-ICAR
Collaborative projects under NFSM (June 17-18, 2011)
The Annual Workshop on DAC-ICARDA-ICAR collaborative projects (i) Pre-breeding and
genetic enhancement in breaking yield barriers in lentil and kabuli chickpea (ii) Enhancing
lentil production for food, nutritional security and improved rural livelihoods (iii) Enhancing
grasspea production for safe human food, animal feed, and sustainable rice-based
production systems in India under NFSM-Pulses was held during 17-18 June, 2011 at NAAS
Lecture Hall, NASC Complex, Pusa, New Delhi-12. All the scientists and RA/SRF associated
with these projects participated in the deliberations. The two-day workshop deliberations
were divided into four different sessions: Inaugural Session; Technical Session-I; Technical
Session-II and Plenary Session.
Inaugural Session (June 17, 2011)
The, Inaugural Session started at 0930 AM with lighting the lamp ceremony by the
dignitaries on Dias; Shri. P.K.Basu, Secretary, (A&C), Dr. Gurbachan Singh, Agriculture
Commissioner, GOI; Shri Mukesh Khullar, Jt. Secretary (Crops) & National Director, NFSM,
DAC; Dr. Ashutosh Sarker, Regional Coordinator & Food Legume Breeder, ICARDA South
Asia & China Program and Dr. Javed Rizvi, Country Program Manager, ICARDA-
Afghanistan. Dr. Rizvi welcomed the dignitaries on dais, President NAAS, Country Manager
(South Asia) and visiting scientists, Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research
(AClAR), ICAR dignitaries, other CG centre officials, participating national and international
scientists. In his welcome address, Dr Rizvi explained the importance of these projects, and
contributions of Department of Agriculture and Cooperation, specially the Secretary, Shri
Basu, Agril. Commissioner, Dr Singh and Mission Director, Shri Khullar in their
foresightedness in shaping the projects to have a fruitful impact on pulses production in a
very short period.
Dr. A. Sarker, Regional Coordinator, ICARDA South Asia and China Program, gave the
genesis and major achievements of the projects. He elaborated the various activities project-
wise, the technological interventions and impact of project on the social life of farming
community. The gaps identified and failures were also explained with the detail analysis of
causes. He mentioned that as per our pilot project activities milestone in lentil and grasspea,
seeds were to be produced during 2nd year onward. However, with farmers full participation,
proper guidance and presence of scientists at all the stages of technological interventions
with the farmers, about 1966 q. of lentil seed of farmers' preferred varieties were produced
for farmer to farmer distribution next year. He also explained about the import of various
materials (germplasm and lines) from different countries through ICARDA for development of
drought and terminal heat tolerant lines. In grasspea, the major emphasis on replacement of
high toxin local cultivars with low toxin varieties for food and fodder was explained.
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The Guest of Honour, Shri Mukesh Khullar, Jt Secretary (Crops) and Mission Director,
NFSM addressing the gathering of scientists, elaborated the various facets of the projects
and lauded the effort of all partners in its proper implementation. He appreciated the
threadbare analysis of technical interventions and development of future technical
programme for implementation during next year. He advised to analyse the problems of
farmers and tailoring the project technical interventions in that direction. Proper feedback
from farmers and bridging the gap to achieve higher production and profitability to the
farmers in a sustainable manner has been one of the desired outcomes of this project. He
suggested that at times, one has to be a bit tough and harsh to give the impetus in project
fast implementation to its logical end. He was so concerned for higher production of all the
pulses that he raised that if ICRISAT will care for Pigeonpea and chickpea; ICARDA will care
for Lentil and Lathyrus, who will care for Mungbean and Blackgram? He assured the
participants to provide all the help for achieving objectives of the projects.
The Chairman of the Inaugural Session, Dr. Gurbachan Singh, Agriculture
Commissioner, welcomed the achievements of the projects and congratulated the
participating scientists for their nice work. He mentioned that the pulses production estimates
being 17.2 m. ton is laudable but he wanted this increase to be sustainable. He explained
that from the research data, it is clear that there still exists a wide gap, between potential
yield and realised yield of pulses. This year, there has been increase in area of pulses apart
from favourable environment for pulse growth but, this may not be every year. So, major
breakthrough will come from increase in productivity and sustainable increase in rice fallow
areas under pulse cultivation. He clarified that the Ministry is fully committed to making the
country not a deficit but surplus estate in pulses to help others. He said that for harnessing
the results of research, for farmers' profitability and improvement in their economic
conditions, Department is willing to fully cooperate with any CG centres and like IRRI, may
sign MOU with other agency.
The Hon'ble Chief Guest, Shri P.K.Basu, Secretary, (A&C), on this occasion, released a
handbook, "Technical Manual on Quality Seed Production of Lentil", published under the
project. In his inaugural address, the Chief Guest, appreciated the laudable efforts of
ICARDA's South Asia and China Program in implementing the projects with their partners.
He mentioned that the technology developed by the scientists must reach the farmers in
right time and should have no gestation period, and for this, it is essential that scientists take
their technology directly to the field. He was happy that his efforts to take ICAR and
Department of Agriculture together to the fields have started yielding fruits which is evident
from the record production of pulses and food grains this year. He welcomed the good
projects in different fields and said that for result-oriented good projects, there is no dearth of
money. He will happily, fund the projects if they are convinced that a project would give the
desired output. Appreciating the projects implementation, he congratulated, Dr. Sarker, in
achieving so much in such a short period. He specifically complemented for bringing out not
only achievements, but failure also to the notice of all. The analysis of the causes for failure
and its remedial approaches would be the strength for the activities next year. Wishing for
good and fruitful deliberations in successive sessions, he inaugurated the workshop.
81
The inaugural session ended with the vote of thanks to chair, all dignitaries and participants
by Dr. S.KChaturvedi, Head, Crop Improvement, IIPR, Kanpur.
Technical Session -1: Lentil and Grass Pea Enhancement
On 17th June, 2011, after inaugural session, the deliberations began in the Technical
Session-I. This session was to be chaired by Shri Mukesh Khullar, Jt. Secretary (Crops) and
Mission Director, NFSM, but due to unavoidable circumstance, he had to leave and so
session was chaired by Dr. Shankar Lal, consultant, NFSM and Ex-Direcor, IIPR, Kanpur.
Dr. Javed Rizvi, Country Program Manager, ICARDA- Afghanistan co-chaired the session
and Dr. H.K.Dixit" JARI, was rapporteur.
First presentation during the session was made by Dr. R. Chaudhary, ICARDA, New
Delhi. He presented the progress report on projects, Enhancing grasspea production for
safe human food, animal feed, and sustainable rice-based production systems in India and
Enhancing lentil production for food, nutritional security and improved rural livelihoods .Two
districts Nalanda and Chandauli were selected for technology interventions in lentil involving
182 farmers. He presented the activities and achievements under Grasspea and Lentil
projects in these districts. It was informed to the House that Travelling Workshop made
several farmers of UP and Bihar realise that the use of high seed rate for sowing normal
lentil crop, what they have been insisting upon, is harmful in getting higher yield.
Lentil: Dr. Chaudhary mentioned that for the first time, farmers of Nalanda were able to
know about the improved varieties of lentil, other than Arun, released during 1986 by RAU.
Under the farmers participatory programme, four varieties; NDL-l, HUL-57, IPL-81 (Noori)
and Arun were sown in farmers' field with full technological package. Out of these, two
varieties of lentil HUL-57 and NDL1 were selected by farmers for normal sown condition
while for late sown (rice-fallow) IPL-81 under Farmers Participatory Varietal Selection Trials
(FPVSTs). All these varieties performed better than Arun in all the selected villages, giving
about 40% to 47% higher yield over the local practice in Nalanda district. However, in
Chandauli, out of three varieties, NDL-l, HUL-57 and IPL-81(Noori), under the normal sown
condition, HUL-57 and NDL-l were ranked 1st and 2nd under FPVSTs, giving about 48%
and 40% higher yield than local practice, while for late sown condition, after the harvest of
Paddy, Noori performed best. In Chandauli district, especially Chakia Tehsil, where water
recedes from paddy field by the 2nd week of November, demand for Noori variety has been
more based on its performance. Yield advantage in Zero-Till sown lentil in Chandauli was
found to be the best when sown after harvest of paddy. Farmers gave 45-50% weightage to
timely sowing, while 55-50% to technological interventions for higher lentil production.
Impact of technological intervention (seed treatment and 2% urea+fungicide spray at
flowering stage) gave up to 46% higher yield over none technological interventions using the
same variety. In both the districts, total 367 q. of lentil seed were produced for farmer to
farmer distribution. Dr. S.Lal, Chairman of the session advised production of only certified
seed and not truthfully labelled (TL) seed. He also suggested for selection of those fields for
lentil in rice fallows where rice matures in time. Dr. Javed Rizvi Co-Chairman expressed
satisfaction at close interaction of farmers and scientist under the project. PRA indicated that
50-55% farmers feel technical advice is important for realizing the better yield levels.
82
Dr. S.K. Singh, IIPR, Kanpur presented progress report on "Enhancing lentil production for
food, nutritional security and improved rural livelihoods". Two districts Fatehpur and Ballia
were selected and PRA was conducted. In both these districts NDL 1 emerged as best lentil
variety. Effect of Trichoderma, Rhizobium inoculation and their combined effect were also
studied. Economics of participatory lentil production revealed net income of Rs. 37020 from
NDL 1. Chairman of the session advised for focusing more on Ballia. He expressed his
dissatisfaction at high seed rate and non-use of seed drill. Dr. M. AIi, Ex Director, IIPR
informed that lentil is not important crop in Fatehpur hence this district may be replaced by
Bahraich/ Basti/ Gorakhpur/ Siddarthnagar. Dr. B. Sharma, Ex Head, Division of Genetics
noted very low yield advantage with Trichoderma, Rhizobium inoculation and their combined
effect.
Dr. I.A. Sheikh, AAU, Jorhat presented progress report on "Enhancing lentil production for
food, nutritional security and improved rural livelihoods". The project was implemented in
Nagaon District of Assam. Six villages involving 144 farmers were selected. PRA was
conducted. Experiments were conducted as relay cropping in rice-fallow and pure cropping
in rice-fallow. HUL-57 and Arun exhibited yield advantage of 38.9 and 39.4% respectively
over local varieties under relay cropping system. In pure crop under rice fallow, PL 406
exhibited yield advantage of 32.9% over local variety. Dr. M.AIi suggested the selection of
District for demonstration with maximum lentil acreage. Dr. D. Singh, JARI informed about
low soil pH and suggested for use of appropriate lentil varieties.
Dr. A.K. Singh, RAU, Pusa presented progress report on "Enhancing lentil production for
food, nutritional security and improved rural livelihoods". This project was implemented in
four villages of Muzaffarpur District. HUL -57 and Arun exhibited yield advantage of about
70% over local variety. Dr. Singh informed that 13 q. foundation seed of NDL-l and 45 qt.
T.L. seed of Arun, HUL-57 and Noori were produced through farmers' participation.
Dr. Pawan Kumar, SPARK Patna presented the progress report on projects, Enhancing
grasspea production for safe human food, animal feed, and sustainable rice-based
production systems in India and Enhancing lentil production for food, nutritional security and
improved rural livelihoods. He elaborated the details of activities undertaken in both the
projects in the district of Patna. For implementation of Lentil Project, five villages: Arap,
Bilap, Baghakol, Gopalpur & Sihi involving 63 farmers, covering 90 acres were selected.
Lentil varieties provided to farmers under farmers' participatory program, include HUL-57,
IPL-81, NDL-I & Arun. He informed the house that for the first time, farmers were acquainted
with improved lentil varieties other than Arun, about 25 years old variety. Through PRA, it
was found that 100% of the farmers in the selected villages, neither had their soil tested nor
they treated the seed with chemicals or Rhizobium culture. For the 1st time, under the
technological interventions, these things were undertaken. The increase in yield over local
was 46%-57% in HUL-57, IPL-81 and NDL-l, the NDL-l exhibiting yield advantage of over
57%. The average yield of lentil under normal sown crop has been about 1200 kg/ha while
under rice-fallow 780 kg/ha (crop sown after harvest of paddy by the end of November).
Under normal sown condition, Farmers ranked NDL-l and HUL-57 as 1st and 2nd
respectively on the basis of yield performance, while IPL-81 as the best for sowing after
harvest of paddy. Through farmers' participation, 90 q. NDL-l, 70 q. HUL-57 and 7.5 q. KLS-
83
218 of foundation seed was produced. Dr. M. Ali noted that yield obtained in fallow land
cannot be compared with lentil grown after paddy.
Dr. M.P. Srivastava, PORS Berhampore presented progress report on Enhancing lentil
production for food, nutritional security and improved rural livelihoods. Five villages were
selected from two blocks, Berhampore and Sagardighi. He elaborated the status of district
agricultural scenario, climatic condition, cropping system etc. and presented the highlights of
PRA results. The project was implemented in five villages, involving 129 farmers in about
73.5 acres area. Five improved varieties of lentil, Moitree, Subrata, Arun, HUL-57 and
Suvendu, were incorporated under farmers' participatory program. It was found that Moitree
and Subrata registered 20% yield advantage over farmer practice. Around 400q quality seed
was produced. Dr. M. AIi, Ex Director IIPR noted that in spite of high productivity of lentil
there is reduction in area under lentil. Dr. A. Sarker informed that lentil area was shifted in
favour of boro rice.
Dr. S. Gupta, MESADM, Kalyani presented progress report on Enhancing lentil production
for food, nutritional security and improved rural livelihoods. The project was carried out in
Maida District involving 147 farmers from 27 villages in area of 67 acres. Five varieties of
lentil, Moitree, Subrata, Arun, HUL-57 and Suvendu, were planted under farmers'
participatory program. Moitree and Arun exhibited yield advantage of 45.9 and 42 over
farmers' practice Based on their yield performance, under FPVSTs, farmers ranked Moitree,
Arun and HUL-57 as 1st, 2nd and 3rd respectively. The technological interventions in the
form of seed priming and seed treatment with fungicide followed by two spraying of 2% urea
and fungicide before and after flowering reported to be the major factor in yield increase over
farmers practice. About 9 qt. foundation seed of Moitree was produced in addition to 11 q. of
T.L. seed. Dr. M. Ali, observed that the seed rate was 20-25% higher in relay cropping,
Chairman expressed satisfaction over the progress made by the centre.
The major technological interventions were:
Soaking of seed with natural water for 6-8 hrs (better to keep the seed for soaking
during night at 10 PM or llPM and taking out seed for shade drying by 6.00AM in the
morning).
Seed priming for acid soil should be done Molybdenum. It may be sprayed with
Molybdenum @ 19/kg seed on the soaked seed just after taking out the seed from
water in the morning.
Seed treatment with Carbendazim (1 g / kg seed) + Thiram (2 g/ kg seed) should be
done after seed priming followed by Rhizobium inoculation (15-20g/kg seed).
In relay cropping, only post-emergence herbicide, Quinzalofop-ethyl (TARGASUPER
@ 40-50 g/ha at 15-20 DAS) should be applied to control annual grassy weeds.
2% urea sprays at 2 times, one at pre-flowering and another on 15 days after 1st spray
(prepod formation) will be followed both for relay and zero-tillage situations.
Considering the weather parameters or as prophylactic measures, SAAF
(carbendazim 12% + Mancozeb 63%) @ 8g/1 of water against Stemphyllum blight
may be mixed with the 2% urea spray.
84
After harvest of lentil, non- selective herbicide Glyphosate (round up )@ 2.5 ml/liter
water need to be applied on the soil surface to check weed flora in the system.
The Plenary Session was chaired by Dr. Gurbachan Singh, Agriculture commissioner,
Govt. of India in the afternoon. Dr. Ashutosh Sarker , Reg. Coordinator, ICARDA South Asia
was Co-Chairman. The Chairman, asked the rapporteurs of technical session-I and II to
present the deliberations.
Dr. H.K. Dixit presented the deliberations of Technical Session-I wherein work report and
session chairman's comment were presented related to Lentil and Grasspea projects. Seven
presentations were made in lentil and five in grasspea during the technical session-I. Dr. M.
Dutta presented the deliberations of technical session-II. In this session, there were three
presentations each in chickpea and lentil. In technical session-II, Dr. S.K. Agrawal presented
the work done under pre-breeding project on lentil and chickpea at ICARDA H.Q. Syria.
After the presentations, Chairman asked for comments from participants and chairman of
both the sessions. Although, various comments was already made during the session but he
was more concerned with the specific comments for the action points and recommendations.
After the detailed discussions and comments, following action points emerged on which
chairman asked to take note of the same for implementation:
Both in Lentil and Grasspea, latest varieties recommended for the specific area should
be taken to the farmers. More and more farmers should be encouraged for
participatory varietal selection (Action: All participating Centres)
Seeds of farmers selected varieties should be produced in that area for farmer to
farmer distribution to replace the local seed with new cultivars, as this has been one of
technology intervention giving about 23% higher yield than the local one. (Action:All
participating Centres)
No Truthfully Labelled seed production should be encouraged. Only certified seeds are
to be produced. The agency/participating centre should help farmer get the registration
done for seed production. (Action: All participating Centres)
Since, technological interventions of seed treatment and 2% urea and fungicide spray
at flowering time has given about 33% higher yield, the proper stock of fungicide,
Rhizobium culture of appropriate race and other inputs should be ready before hand.
Prompt action should be taken adviSing and helping farmers use proper chemicals
visualising the infestation of any diseases and pests. (Action: All participating
Centres)
For rice fallow lentil sowing, proper variety of rice in the field may be ensured and INM
and IPM should be undertaken from the period of rice cultivation itself.
Farmers training and field school should be encouraged and farmers to be educated to
use only recommended seed rate not more to avoid the disease spread and losses.
(Action: All participating Centres)
Traditional area in grasspea should be identified, where no other crop can be grown.
No crop may be replaced with grasspea. High toxin local cultivars should be replaced
with low toxin improved varieties of grasspea. (Action: All participating Centres)
85
Chairman assured for expediting the matter in consultation with ICMR for lifting the
ban on sale of grasspea, in light of the fact that varieties and technology are available
through which there may not be any harmful effect of grasspea consumption (Action:
DAC)
Small seed processing units to be installed for village based- seed system and farmers
may be encouraged to form their own self-help groups (Action: All participating
Centres)
A team of few scientists/officials may be constituted beforehand to monitor the
experimental fields, especially in pre-breeding project for evaluation. (Action: ICARDA
South Asia Centre)
More and more crosses in chickpea and lentil should be evaluated for terminal heat
and drought (Action: All participating Centres)
ICARDA should explore the possibility of importing micronutrient rich (Zinc and Iron)
line of lentil from its breeding programme in Syria for developing varieties in India.
(Action: ICARDA South Asia Centre)
Supply of germplasm should be timely. The import and supply of germ plasm should
be depicted in a flow chart with date to monitor the movement. This would ensure
timely receipt of material for sowing. (Action: ICARDA, NBPGR and concerned
Centres)
ICARDA Delhi Centre, if required in project implementation, any logistic support/help,
may submit the proposal to DAC for its consideration. (Action: ICARDA South Asia
Centre)
The plenary session ended with vote of thanks and Chairman concluded and closed the
session.
86
Annexure-iv
Proceedings of the Second Annual Meeting on three NFSM-funded projects jointly
implemented by DAC, ICAR and ICARDA
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 23-24 May 2012
Venue: NAAS lecture Hall, NASC Complex, Pusa
The Annual Workshop on DAC-ICAR-ICARDA collaborative projects (i) Pre-breeding
and genetic enhancement in breaking yield barriers in lentil and kabuli chickpea (ii)
Enhancing lentil production for food, nutritional security and improved rural livelihoods
(iii) Enhancing grasspea production for safe human food, animal feed, and sustainable
rice-based production systems in India under NFSM-Pulses was held during 23-24
May 2012 at NAAS Lecture Hall, NASC Complex, Pusa, New Delhi-12. Senior Policy
makers, scientists, NGO staff and RA/SRF associated with these projects participated
in the deliberations. The two-day workshop deliberations were divided into different
sessions: Inaugural Session; Technical Session-I; Technical Session-II Technical
session-III and Plenary Session.
Inaugural Session
A two-day meeting in New Delhi, during 23-24 May, allowed scientists and policy
makers to review progress on three Govt. of India’s National Food Security Mission
funded projects and to develop plans for next season. The delegates comprised of
scientists/extensionists/NGO staff and some of India’s most senior agricultural policy
makers: Dr. Gurbachan Singh, Chairman, Agricultural Scientist Recruitment Board and
Ex-Agriculture Commissioner, DAC (Chief Guest); Dr. D.P Malik, Additional
Commissioner (Crops), Ministry of Agriculture; Prof. R. B. Singh, President, National
Academy of Agricultural Sciences (President); Dr. N. Nadarajan, Director, Indian
Institute of Pulses Research ; Dr. R.S. Paroda, Chairman, Farmer’s Commission
(Haryana) and Chairman Trust for Advancement of Agricultural Sciences; Dr. B.B
Singh, Assistant Director General, Oilseed and Pulses, ICAR; Dr Shankar Lal,
Consultant, NFSM; ICARDA was represented by Dr Michael Baum, Director, BIGM
(Guest of Honour); Dr S K Agrawal, lentil Breeder; Dr H Alauddin, Biotechnologist and
Dr Ashutosh Sarker and his team, South Asia & China Regional Program, New Delhi.
Dr Ashutosh Sarker gave a presentation on details of the projects: overall
implementation, outcome of the project. In Chairman’s remarks, Dr G. Singh
mentioned that he was involved in designing and approval of the projects. He
expressed his satisfaction on outcome of the projects, and suggested to implement the
projects in a bigger way in new areas. Last year India witnessed a record production of
>18 m t, which to be maintained and even should look for higher production in the
coming days. Quality seeds of improved varieties to be more available to farmers. Dr R
B Singh stressed upon increased pulses production in the country for nutritional
87
security, and in this endeavour, these projects have great importance. More concerted
efforts are warranted at the field level with involvement of all partners. The attempt to
widen the genetic base is very important in the context of climate change and to
combat new stresse. On behalf of ICARDA Management, Dr M. Baum extended all
support to Indian programs for research and development, as India is a key partner of
ICARDA. Dr N. Nadarajan emphasized on IIPR’s commitments on increased pulses
production in India and support to activities in these projects and look forward to
expand these activities in future.
Technical Session-II (Lentil Enhancement)
Chairman: Dr. Shankar Lal, National Consultant (NFSM)
Co-Chairman: Dr. B.B Singh, ADG (OP),
Rapporteur: Dr. Shailesh Tripathi, IARI/Dr. Atul Dogra, ICARDA
Dr. R. Choudhary, ICARDA New Delhi presented the progress report on enhancing
lentil production for food, nutritional security and improved livelihoods .Two districts
Nalanda (Bihar) and Chandauli (Uttar Pradesh) were selected for technology
interventions involving 203 farmers. Two varieties of lentil WBL-77 (Moitree) and IPL-
81 (Noori) were selected by farmers for rice fallow conditions while KLS-218 performed
very well in normal sown condition in Chandauli. PL-6 was most preferred variety both
at Nalanda and Chandauli in all situations under FPVSTs. In both the districts, total
260.89 Qt. of foundation and certified seed and 428.6 Qt. TL were produced against
the target of 200 Qt. On an average, improved variety has a yield advantage of 20%
over the local variety, improved technology has a yield advantage of 34-48% over local
technology and if both improved variety and improved technology are applied then it
has synergistic effect on yield and the advantage of 31-87% over local variety can be
obtained. Stemphylium blight was a major disease infesting the crop in Bihar, resistant
varieties should be bred. Under capacity building, 17FFS, 20 field day/workshop, 4
training on quality seed production and PHT and 1 travelling seminar was organised.
One seed hub each at chanduali and Nalanda was also established. Dr. Shankar Lal
and Dr. B.B Singh expressed satisfaction at close interaction of farmers and Scientist
under the project.
Dr. S.K. Singh, IIPR, Kanpur presented progress report for his centre. Two districts
Fatehpur and Ballia were selected and PRA was conducted in both these districts. PL
6 emerged as best lentil variety with a net income of Rs. 36608 per ha, followed by
NDL-1. Effect of trichoderma, rhizobium inoculation and their combined effect were
also studied. Chairman of session advised for focusing more on Ballia and change the
villages from Fathepur to other areas. Two framers association have been formed and
registered as per norms. Promotion of formal seed system has been advocated
through developing linkages with National Seed Corporation and U.P Seed certification
agency. Soil testing was also done for 70 selected farmers from Ballia and Fathepur.
Dr. I.A. Sheikh, AAU, Jorhat presented progress report for Assam. The project was
implemented in Nagaon District of Assam. He informed that area under lentil is
decreasing due to more adoption of summer rice after winter rice. He reported that
88
there was an increase of 28-41 % in yield over the local varieties. Seed production was
a major problem. Dr. Sarker suggested that we should make a clear recommendation
that farmers should go for relay crop or pure crop, so policy should focus on this. Dr.
Balram Sharma suggested that a village can be trusted with responsibility of seed
production. Dr. Sarker said that increase in yield over local variety could be bifurcated
into improved variety or improved technology.
Dr. Pawan Kumar, SPARK Patna presented the progress report for his centre.
Farmers were not doing seed treatment and there is no use of rhizobium culture. Seed
replacement rate was also very poor, 13% of farmers change their seed after 3-4 years
and 87% of farmers change their seed after 5-6 years. Five varieties were taken for
seed production and total seed production was 175qt. Farmers were not ready to sell
their seed in market because of non-remunerative price. Under normal sown condition
HUL-57 was best fit whereas, under rice fallow Moitree was best. Stemphylium blight
was a major disease infesting the crop in Bihar this year
Dr. A.K. Singh, RAU, Pusa presented progress report for Muzaffarpur District. HUL
15 was ranked as number one variety followed by Arun, KLS-218 and Moitree. 587.90
qtl seed was also produced.
Dr. M.P. Srivastava, presented progress for PORS Berhampur, this year inputs were
provided to 141 farmers. Most of the farmers (88%) were have no knowledge of
improved practices. Subrata and Moitree were found to be promising variety with yield
of 1191 and 1163 kg/ha, respectively. Two registered seed retail outlets were opened
by participatory farmers approach. 519qt. Seed have been produced at 10 project
villages during rabi 2011-12
Dr. S. Gupta, MESADM, Kalyani presented progress report, lentil was mainly
cultivated by the farmers as rainfed crop utilizing the residual moisture after harvest of
Aman paddy. 227 farmers have been selected for demonstration and dissemination of
improved technologies in Malda. Total 22qtl of quality seed was produced and one
seed hub was also established at village level.
In most of the places, substantial rice-fallows were taken under the project. Yield
advantages due to variety only and due to improved production technology were
emerged, substantial amount of quality seeds were produced, good number of
capacity development activities were carried out. Appropriate varieties were selected
by farmers for specific areas/regions which will be disseminated further. From all
presentations it was observed that:
On an average, improved varieties gave an yield advantage of 20% over the local
variety
Improved technology alone showed a yield increase of 34-48%
With both improved varieties and technologies together, an yield advantage of
31-87% was observed
Stemphylium blight was a major disease infesting the crop in Bihar, and resistant
varieties should be promoted.
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Seed replacement rate (SSR) is very low in pulses as a whole which need to be
improved.
Small storage earthen pots can be used by marginal famers for seed storage
using neem leaves, so such farmers technology can be a learning lesson for
pulse storage in other areas for economically poor farmers
Major problems are poor quality seed, lack of storage facilities, timely availability
of inputs, and poor knowledge about the management practices
Newer area to be taken into project intervention in coming years and more area
coverage with improved varieties need to be considered.
Farmer-to farmer seed distribution pattern in action sites should be
thoroughly studied to know sign of adoption by farmers
Promotion of informal seed system for seed supply at village level, farmers
should be registered with the societies so that they can replicate seed
production model.
Plenary Session
Chairman: Dr. R.S. Paroda, Chairman, Farmer’s Commission (Haryana) Co-Chairman: Dr. B.B Singh, ADG (OP), ICAR Rapporteur: Dr. Shiv Kumar, ICARDA, Syria/Dr. C. Bhardwaj, IARI, New Delhi
Dr. R.S. Paroda, Chairman, Farmer’s Commission, Govt. of Haryana, welcomed the
participants and congratulate DAC, ICAR and ICARDA for organizing this Meeting. In
his inaugural remarks, he spoke for an urgent need to peroxide nutrition security along
with food security in which pulses play a major role. He appreciated this joint initiative
comprised of development and research components, which is an example to work
together for the betterment of farmers. He stressed that ICARDA should play and
support NARS partners for lentil, kabuli chickpea and grasspea enhancement through
germplasm exchange, technology dissemination and research development. He
emphasised the need of right seed, right technology, and availability of other inputs at
right time for increased productivity. Pulses will not only increase the rice-wheat
system efficiency but maintain soil productivity too. The role of CGIAR in developing
and supporting NARS system was appreciated by Dr. Raj Paroda.
Dr. Balram Sharma presented the recommendations of technical session I on Pre-
breeding and genetic enhancement in lentil and chickpea. The concentrated efforts in
pre-breeding were highlighted and the support of DAC and ICARDA was appreciated.
The possibility of identifying new genes and new sources was indicated. The herbicide
screening work, off-season facilities started were also summarized. The proceedings
made by the rapporteur’s for technical session I were readout. The need of NBPGR to
play a pivotal role in supply of seed and also the use of this seed by indenters needs to
be maintained. The need to use the herbicide resistant material in crossing
programme, identification of genes responsible for this herbicide resistance should be
taken on priority (Action: All participating centres). The recommendations were
approved by participants.
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Dr. R.S Paroda highlighted the requirement of bold seeded red lentil and its evaluation
in good quality lab. Dr. A. Sarker said that India is the largest indenter of ICARA
materials. The Chairman suggested the need to monitor the nurseries/materials being
sent by ICARDA and feedback to be sent to ICARDA (Action: IIPR, Kanpur and
ICARDA).
Dr. Shankar Lal presented the proceedings of technical session II on lentil
enhancement. He emphasized the possibility of utilization of rice-fallows (11.2 mha) for
lentil cultivation. In utera system only small seeded and early maturing varieties are
more suitable, eastern part of the country should be selected for these trails. If both
improved variety and improved technology are applied then it has synergistic effect on
yield and the advantage of 31-87% over local variety can be obtained. So , both
improved variety and technology are very important (Action: All participatory
centres).
Dr. R.S Paroda indicated the need to identify early maturing varieties, large scale Front
Line Demonstrations (FLD’s) aggressive extension of production technology to
farmers. The need for rolling plan was stressed particularly for pulses to enhance the
Seed Replacement Rate (SRR). SRR for pulses was very-very less as compared to
cereals (25-30%). A small working group to formulate the seed revolving plan was
suggested by the Chairman (Action: All participatory centres). An additional
recommendation of buying farmers seed and a paper on seed production of ICARDA’s
mandated crops was also suggested (Action: ICARDA).
Farmers participatory programme become important in this mission. The need to
identify progressive farmer, train them into seed production is required. Mini-kit
distribution and buy back arrangement of particular seed is required. Farmers training
and field school should be encouraged and famers to be educated to use
recommended packages and practices (Action: All participatory centres). Newer
area to be taken into project intervention in coming years and more area coverage with
improved varieties need to be considered.
Dr. D.P Malik, Additional Commissioner (crops) D.A.C read out the outcome of
technical session on grasspea improvement. Low-ODAP materials were supplied by
ICARDA which are evaluation in 6 location and results are awaited. Non-availability of
seeds was the biggest problem in grasspea programme for the selected 4 varieties viz;
Nirmal, Ratan, Prateek and Mahateora, which needs to be considered (Action: All
participatory centres).
Chairman urged to strengthen the centres for evaluating grasspea collection of
ICARDA for their “BOAA” content. The technique of removing toxin by boiling should
be popularised (Action: All participatory centres). More duel-purpose germplasm
and low neurotoxin lines are available with ICARDA which has been supplied to India.
The need to popularize faba bean in India was stressed and chairman requested
ICARDA to play an active role. The high yield potential of faba bean, least cooking
time was highlighted. The support of NFSM for enhancing food security was
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appreciated by Dr. B B Singh. Dr Malik stressed that effective programs will be further
encouraged by DAC. The increase in breeder seed production was highlighted.
However, its conversion to certified seed or foundation seed was a problem due to
disparity between market price and procurement price. The starting of registration
societies and seed production under the DAC-ICAR-ICARDA programme was lauded
(DAC and All participatory centres).
Chairman, stressed the great role played by pre-breeding in improving varieties,
duration, adaptabilities and insulating against pests. Chairman, appreciated the
initiative made in these projects and partnerships between NARS, DAC and ICARDA.
He also said that breeding programme requires to be strengthened particularly lentil in
rice-fallow in eastern India. National programme should take lead in requesting
collaborative programme in these lines
Management of dryland, supplemental irrigation, soil management requires to be
addressed. Micro-nutrient management particularly in sulphur and zinc deficient soils
would greatly increase pulse yields. Farmers to farmers spread of seed should be
monitored and encouraged. The mission should be focussed and time bound targets to
be successful.
Dr. Michael Baum, Director Biodiversity and Gene Management (BIGM), ICARDA
affirmed ICARDA’s support for any call by Indian programs.
Lastly, Dr. Raj Paroda, Dr B B Singh, Dr D P Malik, Dr B Sharma, Dr Shankar Lal,
Ashutosh Sarker and participants acknowledged support from National Food Security
Mission to carry out these three DAC-ICAR-ICARDA collaborative projects.
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Annexure-v
Proceedings of Third Annual Workshop on NFSM funded projects, jointly
implemented by DAC, ICAR and ICARDA
Date: 24-25 July, 2013
Venue: NAAS Lecture Hall, NASC Complex
The 3rd Annual Workshop on DAC-ICAR-ICARDA collaborative projects (i) Pre-
breeding and genetic enhancement in breaking yield barriers in lentil and kabuli
chickpea (ii) Enhancing lentil production for food, nutritional security and improved
rural livelihoods (iii) Enhancing grasspea production for safe human food, animal feed,
and sustainable rice-based production systems in India under NFSM-Pulses was held
during 24-25 July, 2013 at NAAS Lecture Hall, NASC Complex, Pusa, New Delhi-12.
Senior Policy Makers, Farmers, Scientists, NGO staff and RA/SRF associated with
these projects participated in the deliberations. The two-day workshop was divided into
various sessions: Inaugural Session; Technical Session-I; Technical Session-II
Technical Session-III and Plenary Session.
Inaugural Session
The Inaugural Session was graced by honourable dignitaries: Shri Ashish Bahuguna,
Secretary, Department of Agriculture & Cooperation (DAC), Ministry of Agriculture,
Govt. of India (Chief Guest); Dr J.S Sandhu, Agriculture Commissioner, DAC, Ministry
of Agriculture (Chair, Inaugural Session); Prof. R. B. Singh, President, National
Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Guest of Honour ); Dr. Swapan K. Datta, DDG
(Crop Science), ICAR (Guest of Honour); Dr. K. D. Kokate, DDG (Ag. Extn), ICAR; Dr.
J. P. Mishra, Ag. Advisor, Planning Commission; Dr. B.B Singh, ADG (Oilseeds &
Pulses), ICAR; Dr. D.P Malik, Additional Commissioner (Crops), DAC and Dr. N.
Nadarajan, Director, Indian Institute of Pulses Research; . ICARDA was represented
by Dr Shiv Kumar Agrawal, Lentil Breeder; Dr Javed Rizvi, Country Manager,
Afghanistan and Dr Ashutosh Sarker and his Team, South Asia & China Regional
Program, New Delhi.
The Inauguration Session started with the welcome address by Dr N Nadarajan. Dr
Ashutosh Sarker gave a presentation on details of the projects, overall implementation
and outcomes.
On behalf of farmers attended, Sh. Anand Kumar, a progressive farmer from Bihar
State expressed his sincere thanks to DAC, ICAR and ICARDA for implementing such
a need-based project. Narrating his experience, he mentioned that before the project
started he and other farmers were cultivating traditional varieties without any improved
technical interventions. With this project, not only improved varieties and production
technologies are available to farmers, but also received exposure to technical
knowledge through training, workshops, close interaction with project personnel time to
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time, which helped to harvest higher yields, and increased income. He requested for
continuity and further expansion of the projects for the benefit of Indian farmers.
In his remarks as Chief Guest, Sh. Ashish Bahuguna expressed his satisfaction on
outcome of the projects, and congratulated Dr Sarker and his team. The agriculture in
India, he stressed, has emerged as an exporter in some of the commodities, but there
is an urgent need to work on others like pulses. There is also a problem of
undernourishment in India which needs to be addressed through higher pulse
production. He suggested in developing varieties which can help in reducing the
problem of malnutrition in vegetarian dominated diet in the country, where pulses are
the main source of protein and other essential nutrients. Although India has made a
progress in production in recent years with a total production of >18 m t, but still much
lower than the current demand. He concluded that based on last three year experience
in these projects, improved technologies can be expanded in new areas covering more
farmers to achieve a substantial gain in pulses production.
Dr R B Singh addressed the issue of pulse production in India, where good progress
has been made to increase from 14 m t to >18 m t. However India is shortfall of 2-3 m t
every year, which is met through import. He further highlighted the need of such
projects which help farmers not only to get enhanced yield, but also help in producing
quality seeds at village level.
Dr S.K Datta also stressed on increasing the pulses production in the country for
nutritional security, and in this endeavour, these projects have great importance. More
than 42% women and children in India are having malnutrition. He also mentioned that
Government is working hard on removing the ban on the Grasspea so that MSP can
be applied for grasspea. This will help farmers to grow grasspea and get remunerative
price for their produce.
Chairman, Dr J.S Sandhu, discussed the issue of pulse productivity in India. He
informed that under NFSM-Pulses there are 468 districts and out of which 213 districts
have low productivity than state average. He also highlighted the importance of such
projects which will help India to improve the production as well productivity level which
is still below than the world average.
Dr B.B Singh highlighted the importance R & D in pulses. He mentioned that these are
unique projects where science-based technologies have been applied in field level. Dr
Singh presented vote of thanks to all dignitaries, farmers, project partners, ICARDA
participants, press and media, and others.
Technical Session –II
Enhancing Lentil Production for Food, Nutritional Security & Improved Rural Livelihoods
Chairman: Dr. B. B. Singh, ADG (OP), ICAR
Co-Chairman: Dr. D. P. Malik, Addl. Commissioner (Crops), DAC
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Rapporteur: Dr. Pooja Sah, ICARDA-SACRP, New Delhi
During the technical session-II, a total of seven presentations were made. The
progress made in three years was presented by the partners from nine districts
(Nagaon, Nalanda, Muzaffarpur, Patna, Ballia, Chandauli, Fatehpur, Malda and
Murshidabad) of four states (Assam, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal).
Dr. R. Choudhary, SACRP-ICARDA, New Delhi - Nalanda (Bihar) and Chandauli (Uttar
Pradesh)
Dr. Choudhary presented the progress report of Nalanda (Bihar) and Chandauli (Uttar
Pradesh). In third year (2012-13) of the project, total eight varieties (HUL-57, IPL-81,
Moitree, PL-6, PL-8, KLS-218, IPL-406, Pusa Vaibhav & NDL-1) along with pesticides,
rhizobium culture, fertilizers & technical advice have been supplied to the farmers. On
the basis of three years findings, it was concluded that under normal sown condition
KLS-218 ranked first, second NDL-1 followed by HUL-57. Varieties PL-8 and IPL-406
first time provided to the farmers and these varieties also performed well in Nalanda
district of Bihar. Under rice-fallow situation, KLS-218, IPL-81 and HUL-57 performed
well respectively. In third year IPL-406 has given more yield over local/farmers’ own
variety, in both situation (normal and rice-fallow). In Nalanda, on an average normal
sown lentil has given 8 % more yield than rice-fallow. It was also found that, due to
replacement of local seed with improved variety, up to 20 per cent increase in yield
was recorded. Due to technological intervention (seed treatment, 2% foliar spray of
urea, etc.) 25-30 per cent more yield was harvested (variety being the same) and due
to improved seed along with technological intervention, farmers could get 40 to 55 per
cent higher yield than farmers’ own variety and own technologies/practice. In third
year, a total of 319.61 q of quality seed of improved varieties have been produced by
the farmers in Nalanda district. Different capacity development programmes have been
organized for farmers to provide technical advice related to the lentil cultivation. In
Chandauli district total eight varieties i.e. HUL-57, IPL-81, Moitree, PL-6, PL-8,
KLS218, Pusa Vaibhav & NDL-1 along with pesticides, rhizobium culture, fertilizers &
technical advice have been delivered to the farmers. In the third year of the project, in
most demonstrations crop failed due to heavy rainfall during the flowering and podding
stage. Under normal sown condition, varieties KLS-218, HUL-57 and Moitree
performed well. HUL-57, Moitree and NDL-1 performed well under relay cropping.
Dr. S.K. Singh, IIPR, Kanpur- Ballia and Fatehpur (Uttar Pradesh)
Dr. Singh presented progress report of Ballia and Fatehpur districts of Uttar Pradesh.
Primary data of the involved farmers have been collected through Participatory Rural
Appraisal (PRA). In Fatehpur, total four lentil improved varieties i.e. NDL-1, DPL-62,
HUL-57 and PL-6, whereas in Ballia PL-6, NDL-1 and HUl-57 have been provided to
the selected farmers in third year (2012-13) of the project. Management of wilt by
application of Trichoderma and effect of 2% spray of urea on different stages of lentil
was also studied in both the districts. From the three year findings, it was recorded that
under normal sown condition, in Fatehpur NDL-1, DPL-62, PL-6 performed best over
local varieties, whereas in Ballia NDL-1, PL-6 and HUL-57 performed well. More than
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25 per cent area has been shifted in late rice-lentil in place of rice-wheat in selected
villages of Ballia. Lentil first time introduced in Fatehpur in the 2010 through this
project, in three year 8-10 per cent area has been increased under lentil by replacing
wheat, and farmers are enthusiastic to increase area under lentil in coming years. Dr.
Singh (Chairman) suggested that cultivation of lentil near the canal area should be
avoided for long term sustainability, and lentil should be grown on upland area. Crop
rotation is a must for sustainability.
Dr. I. A. Sheikh, AAU, Jorhat – Nagaon (Assam).
In Assam, the project was implemented in Nagaon district. Participatory Rural
Appraisal was done for newly selected villages. Seeds of improved variety, fertilizers,
fungicides, rhizobium, pesticides, urea as foliar spray etc. were provided to the
selected farmers. Moitree and HUL 57 has given more yield as compare to local
cultivar under both relay and normal cropping system with improved technologies in
Nagaon district of Assam. KLS-218 also performed well in both the situations. A total
of 394.2 q of Truthfully Labelled Seed (TLS) of different varieties have been produced
by farmers’ participation in 2012-13. Dr. B.B. Singh proposed that more area can be
taken up under rice-fallow and for that identification of such area should be necessary
before adopting/selecting the villages. Districts which have more area under rice-fallow
should be covered like Shivasagar.
Dr. A. K. Singh, RAU, Pusa Samstipur – Muzaffarpur (Bihar)
Dr. Singh presented progress report of Muzaffarpur district of Bihar. HUL-57, KLS-218,
PL-6 and PL-8 varieties have been provided in the third year of the project. From three
years experiments, it was found that HUL-57, Arun and KLS-218 have performed well.
PL-6 also performed well, although it was supplied in third year only. Dr. Singh
informed to the house that this year 584.99 q quality seed of different varieties have
been produced by the farmers.
Dr. Pawan Kumar, SPARK, Patna –Patna (Bihar)
Dr. Kumar presented an overview of Participatory Rural Appraisal of the selected
villages. In the third year of the project total eight improved varieties (HUL-57, IPL-81,
Moitree, PL-6, PL-8, KLS-218, IPL-406 & NDL-1) have been supplied to the farmers
along with technological intervention. From three year data, it was said by Dr. Kumar
that under normal sown situation NDL-1, PL-8 and KLS-218 performed well, and IPL-
406 also performed well although it was supplied in third year only. Under rice-fallow
situation farmers ranked KLS-218, NDL-1 and HUL-57 as 1st, 2nd and 3rd respectively
on the basis of yield performance, IPL-406 also performed well. Under paira sowing
PL-8, NDL-1 and IPL-81 were the best. On overall basis, PL-8, NDL-1 and Moitree
were performed well. On an average, normal sown lentil has given 22 per cent more
yield when compared to rice-fallow, whereas 15 per cent more yield was recorded over
relay sown lentil. A total of 232.35 q seed have been produced through farmers’
participatory mode in third year of the project. Chairman Dr. Singh expressed his
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satisfaction on Dr. Kumar’s progress over three years, and suggested to expand the
program in Taal area.
Mr. M. P. Shrivastava, PORS, Berhampore - Murshidabad (West Bengal)
Mr. Shrivastava presented the progress of the project of Murshidabad district. Five
lentil improved varieties Moitree, Subrata, PL-6, Asha and NDL-1 have been provided
to the selected farmers. On the basis of three year experiments it was found that
Subrata, Moitree and PL-6 performed better when compared to local check. NDL-1
also performed well although it was provided only third year of the project. In third year
582.86 q of Foundation Seed and 904.49 q of Truthfully Labelled Seed (TLS) of
different varieties have been produced by farmers’ participation and all certified seed
have lifted by State Government of West Bengal. Chairman said that more emphasis
should be given to the sustainability of seed hubs at farmers’ level.
Dr. S. Bandhopadhya, MESADM, Kalyani – Malda (West Bengal)
Dr. Bandhapadhya presented report of Malda district of West Bengal. In third year four
improved varieties (Moitree, HUL-57, Subrata and Asha) have been supplied to the
farmers along with the production package. On the basis of three years’ findings,
Moitree, HUL-57 and Subrata were preferred by the farmers of Malda District. Asha
also performed well, although it was supplied in third year of the project. In 2012-13
total 748.24 q of quality seed have been produced by the farmers.
The Chairman, Co-chairman and the House were satisfied with the progress of the
project in three years. The Chairman mentioned that results are very encouraging.
Improved varieties along with improved production technologies were adopted by
farmers, and appropriate varieties identified for various cropping systems, huge
amount of quality seeds have been produced, seed hubs have been created, farmers
have been empowered. Chairman also emphasized that more effort should be given
towards pulses production through collaborative efforts. Dr. Malik, Co-Chairman,
suggested that focus should be given to remote areas where more tribal/backward
class people are living.
Following major recommendations emerged from the session.
To increase the production and area under lentil, concentrate only on 2-3 varieties
which are preferred by the farmers and performing best in that area, on the basis of
findings during the last three years.
Specific technological interventions (2 % foliar spray of urea, seed treatment with
fungicide, Rhizobium, etc.) should be provided to the farmers to boost the yield.
Additionally, application of Borax in acidic soils should be followed as per
recommendation.
In many states, relay cropping performed well like Malda (West Bengal, Assam),
therefore, it was recommended that in those states relay cropping with recommended
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varieties should be continued. Zero-tillage or minimum tillage should be promoted in
some states, like Bihar.
Presently the Seed Hubs in the form of seed society, and the partners are providing
Foundation Seed, Certified Seed to National Seed Corporations (NSC) and SSC.
However, there is a need to have some criteria for the sustainability of the Seed
Hubs at village level and also develop suitable strategies to keep seed at village level
to meet farmers’ requirements in that area.
Establish linkages between seed hubs and concerned State Government. Buy-back
system of quality seed from the project funds should be in place.
Keeping nutritional security in mind, high Fe and Zn containing varieties (like Pusa
Vaibhav) should be provided to the farmers. Periodic analysis of Fe and Zn contents
to be done.
Realizing the progress under the project in terms of varietal identification in various
cropping situations/systems/states, seed production of different categories, capacity
development of farmers/extensionists, the project activities should be expanded in
new areas.
Remote areas, backward regions, rice-fallow, marginal farmers, schedule caste and
tribal community etc. should be given emphasis in next phase of the project
It was strongly recommended by the Chairman, Co-Chairman and the House that the
project should be continued to achieve more production of lentil to address mal-
nutrition in the country.
Plenary Session
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Chairman : Dr J. S. Sandhu, Agri. Commissioner, DAC, New Delhi
Co-chairman : Dr B B Singh, ADG (OP), ICAR, New Delhi
Rapporteur : Dr C Bharadwaj, IARI New Delhi
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dr J S Sandhu, Agriculture Commissioner, DAC welcomed the participants, and all three
session’ rapporteur presented the recommendations.
Based on presentations of recommendations of three technical sessions, suggestions by
Chair, Co-Chair and the participants, the following recommendations were adopted.
Lentil Enhancement
Top performing 2-3 lentil varieties which have been identified state-wise should be promoted along with their matching production technologies including Borax application in acid soils. Identified specific varieties for relay cropping, zero-tillage and sole-cropping, mixed-cropping should be made available to farmers.
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The establishment of Seed Hubs at village level is highly encouraging. The concept should be expanded further. Although linkage has been established in some cases with state Govt. to take up the surplus seed available from farmers and Hubs, this approach should be followed in all states. There should be no wastage of quality seeds. Provision of buy-back of Foundation Seed and Certified Seeds and for that a separate fund should be provided in next phase of the project.
Lentil should be included in “Nutri-Farm” project as this pulse crop is the house of various essential nutrients including Fe and Zn. Analysis of these micro-nutrients in recently released varieties to be done and high content varieties to be identified and promoted.
Districts which are low in productivity need to be identified and future work to be extended in these areas. While selecting new project areas, backward and remote places with high population of marginal and small farmers and tribal people should be considered.
Chickpea should also be included in some states to replace old varieties with high yielding recent varieties.
Honourable Chairman and Addl. Commissioner, DAC and ADG (OP) asked
ICARDA to submit a new proposal combining lentil, grasspea and chickpea
together based on the points mentioned above.
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Annexure-vi
Proceedings of 1st Steering Committee
Proceedings of 1st Steering Committee Meeting of DAC-ICARDA-ICAR Collaborative Projects under NFSM-Pulses held on 01/09/11
Venue: Committee Room No. 112, Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi
The 1st Steering Committee meeting of DAC-ICARDA-ICAR collaborative projects (i)
Enhancing lentil production for food, nutritional security and improved rural
livelihoods and (ii) Enhancing grasspea production for safe human food, animal feed,
and sustainable rice-based production systems in India under NFSM-Pulses was held
on 01 September, 2011 in the Committee Room no. 112, Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi-
110001. List of participants is appended.
1. Dr. B.B. Singh, ADG (OP), ICAR welcomed the Honourable Chairman, Co-Chairman
and other members of the Steering Committee on the occasion. Dr. Singh elaborated
the importance of quality seed in the success of the project and eventually in increasing
the crop production. He stressed for increasing the production of Breeder, Foundation
and Certified seeds of pulse crops and making them easily available to the farmers for
boosting the pulse production in years to come.
2. Dr. Gurbachan Singh, Agriculture Commissioner, DAC and Chairman steering
committee, in his opening remarks stressed on need for setting last year’s pulse
production of 18.1 m tonnes as bench mark for enhancing pulse production in years
ahead. He stressed on increasing the pulse productivity by including the areas like rice
fallow, which are not utilized for any cultivation practice as during kharif 2011 the area
under kharif pulses has reduced by approximately 1.3 m ha as compared to that of
kharif 2010.
3. Dr. Ashutosh Sarker, Regional Coordinator, ICARDA-SACRP presented the activities
done under both the projects during 2010-11. He discussed the role of pulses especially
lentil in daily diet of Indian people and that of grasspea for fodder purposes. He stressed
on breaking the mono cropping for ensuring self sufficiency in pulses in future and
intervention with improved technologies especially in the low productivity areas including
the rice fallows (approximately 11.3 m ha area exits in the states of Uttar Pradesh,
Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, West Bengal and Orissa) where
tremendous scope exits for introducing the rabi pulses. He informed the house that
farmers are still unaware of the new improved varieties of lentil released for cultivation in
their region.
He informed the members that the project “Enhancing Lentil Production for Food
and Nutritional Security, and Improved Livelihoods” was implemented in the states
of Assam, Bihar , Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal with partners in respective states namely
Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam; Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa,
Bihar; SPARK (NGO), Patna, Bihar; Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, Uttar
Pradesh; MESADM (NGO), Kalyani, West Bengal and Pulses & Oilseeds Research
Station, Berhampore, West Bengal with the major objectives of:
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Enhancing productivity of lentil and establish it as a second crop in rice-fallows to
break mono-cropping, thus increasing cropping intensity
Produce and distribute quality seeds of farmer-preferred lentil varieties along with
production technologies (conservation technologies, seed priming, weed control,
foliar spray of urea, etc.)
Improve capacity at field levels for farmer-participatory adaptive research and
technology transfer for adoption and expansion of improved lentil production
technologies
Empowerment of farmers and participating local institutions to establish village-
based seed system(s) to achieve self-sufficiency in seeds
Back-up research for further improvement of lentil varieties and refinement of
production technologies.
He told the house that a total of 814 farmers were selected in 69 villages of 9
districts in the four target states of the project. In Nagaon District of Assam under relay
cropping in rice-fallow and normal crop in rice-fallows 6 villages involving 144 farmers
were selected. HUL-57 and Arun exhibited yield advantage of 38.9 and 39.4%
respectively over local varieties under relay cropping system. In normal sown crop in
rice fallow, PL 406 exhibited yield advantage of 32.9% over local variety.
In Bihar four villages of Muzaffarpur District were selected for intervention. HUL -57
and Arun exhibited yield advantage of about 70% over local variety. PRA of Nalanda
district revealed that farmers’ had never used seed treatment with fungicides and
Rhizobium and they have never practiced soil testing and mostly they replace seeds
after 4-5 years or even more. Non availability of quality seeds > non availability of
fertilizers in time > technological interventions are the major causes for low productivity.
He mentioned that under Lentil enhancement project for farmers participatory
programme, four varieties; NDL-l, HUL-57, IPL-81 (Noori) and Arun were sown in
farmers' field at Nalanda with improved package of practices. Out of these, two varieties
of lentil HUL-57 and NDL1 were selected by farmers for normal sown condition while for
late sown (rice-fallow) IPL-81 was selected under Farmers Participatory Varietal
Selection Trials (FPVSTs). All the varieties performed better than Arun in all the villages,
giving about 40% to 47% higher yield over the local practice in Nalanda district. At Patna
five villages: Auta, Bilap, Baghakol, Gopalpur & Sihi involving 63 farmers, covering 90
acres were selected. It was found that farmers in the selected villages, had neither gone
for soil testing nor they treat the seed with chemicals or Rhizobium culture. These things
were undertaken for the first time. Lentil varieties provided to farmers under farmers'
participatory program, included HUL-57, IPL-81, NDL-I & Arun. The increase in yield
over local was 46-57% in HUL-57, IPL-81 and NDL-l, the NDL-l exhibiting yield
advantage of over 57%. The average yield of lentil under normal sown crop has been
about 1200 kg/ha while under rice-fallow 780 kg/ha (crop sown after harvest of paddy by
the end of November). Under normal sown condition, NDL-1 and HUL-57 ranked 1st
and 2nd respectively on the basis of yield performance, while IPL-81 as the best for
sowing after harvest of paddy.
101
He informed the House that Travelling Workshop made several farmers of UP and
Bihar aware of the fact that the use of high seed rate for sowing normal crop is harmful
in getting higher yield. In Fatehpur and Ballia districts in Uttar Pradesh NDL 1 emerged
as best lentil variety. Effect of Trichoderma, Rhizobium inoculation and their combined
effect were also studied. Participatory lentil production resulted in net income of Rs.
34860 and 19850 from NDL 1 giving a B:C ratio of 3.3 and 2.5 per rupee invested in
Fatehpur and Ballia districts. In Chandauli, out of three varieties, NDL-l, HUL-57 and
IPL-81 (Noori), under the normal sown condition, HUL-57 and NDL-1 were ranked 1st
and 2nd under FPVSTs, giving about 48% and 40% higher yield than local practice,
while for late sown condition, after the harvest of Paddy, Noori performed best. In
Chandauli district, especially Chakia Tehsil, where water recedes from paddy field by
the 2nd week of November, demand for Noori variety has been more based on its
performance. Yield advantage in Zero-Till sown lentil in Chandauli was found to be the
best when sown after harvest of paddy. Farmers gave 45-50% weightage to timely
sowing, while 55-50% to technological interventions for higher lentil production. Impact
of technological intervention (seed treatment and 2% urea + fungicide spray at flowering
stage) gave up to 46% higher yield over none technological interventions using the
same variety.
In Malda District 147 farmers from 27 villages in area of 67 acres were selected. Five
varieties of lentil, Moitree, Subrata, Arun, HUL-57 and Suvendu, were planted under
farmers’ fields in participatory program. Moitree and Arun exhibited yield advantage of
45.9 and 42 over farmers' practice Based on their yield performance, under FPVSTs,
farmers ranked Moitree, Arun and HUL-57 as 1st, 2nd and 3rd respectively. Five
villages were selected in two blocks, Berhampore and Sagardighi involving 129 farmers
in about 73.5 acres area. Five improved varieties of lentil, Moitree, Subrata, Arun, HUL-
57 and Suvendu, were tested under farmers' participatory program. It was found that
Moitree and Subrata registered 20% yield advantage over farmer practice. The
technological interventions in the form of seed priming and seed treatment with
fungicide followed by two spraying of 2% urea and fungicide before and after flowering
reported to be the major factor in yield increase over farmers practice. He mentioned
that with farmers participation, proper guidance and supervision at critical stages of crop
growth, about 1966 qtls quality seed of farmers' preferred lentil varieties was done for
farmer to farmer distribution next year. He also explained about the import of various
materials (germplasm and lines) from different countries.
5. Shri Mukesh Khullar, Jt Secretary (Crops) and Mission Director, NFSM mentioned that
the technology developed by the scientists must reach the farmers in right time and
should have no gestation period, and for this, it is essential for scientists to take their
technology directly to the field. He suggested that some baseline research should be
conducted to analyze that why there is this kind of problem that the farmers don’t grow
any crop in a particular season. He welcomed the good projects in different fields and
said that for result-oriented projects, there is no dearth of money and Department of
Agriculture and Cooperation will happily fund the projects if they are convinced that a
project would give the desired output. He suggested for analysis of the causes for failure
and their remedial approaches to be taken up next year that happened during the 1st
year of the projects implementation. He suggested that steps for incorporating Lathyrus
102
(Grasspea) under Accelerated Fodder Production Programme may be taken up for
ensuring fodder availability.
6. Dr. Gurbachan Singh, Agriculture Commissioner, DAC and Chairman steering
committee suggested for taking up field experimentation/demonstration for site specific
nutrient management and trials for ascertaining role of management practices and
variety to observe the yield due to individual limiting factors viz. Fertilizer, quality seeds
and plant protection measures alone. They assured for paying the remuneration to the
farmers that the farmer’s would get under normal conditions if the crop under
trial/demonstration fails. Besides Agriculture Commissioner, Joint Secretary (crops)
suggested to take areas with very low productivity under the lentil project and to conduct
PRA in close collaboration with State department of Agriculture and ATMA, etc. They
also suggested for proper checking and validating before publishing any success story.
7. Dr. Michael Baum, Director, BIGM, ICARDA suggested for a project on edible cactuses
for their use for food sustainability and for bio-fencing of pulse and other crops as
ICARDA is having large number of edible and multipurpose cactuses, the proposal was
appreciated by Agriculture Commissioner. He also suggested that site specific studies
for Rhizobium must be done about the native Rhizobium and recommendations should
be made based on Rhizobium population in soil.
8. The Chairman suggested for inclusion of more area of rice fallows under the lentil and
grasspea enhancement projects and for implementation of recommendations. After the
detailed discussions and comments, following action points emerged on which chairman
asked to take note of the same for implementation:
Both in Lentil and Grasspea, latest varieties recommended for the specific area
should be taken to the farmers and more area under rice-fallows should be included
(Action: All participating Centers)
Separate trials to ascertain impact of varieties over local and technological
interventions may be taken up (Action: All participating Centers)
No Truthfully Labelled seed production should be encouraged. Only certified seeds
are to be produced after registration with seed certification agency. (Action: All
participating Centers)
Farmers training and field school should be encouraged and farmers to be educated
to use only recommended seed rate not more to avoid the disease spread and
losses. (Action: All participating Centers)
Traditional area in grasspea should be identified, where no other crop is grown. No
crop shall be replaced with grasspea. High toxin local cultivars should be replaced
with low toxin improved varieties of grasspea. (Action: All participating Centers)
Lathyrus (Grasspea) crop may be undertaken under Accelerated Fodder Production
Programme (AFPP) for ensuring fodder availability. (Action: DAC)
Village based-seed hub system be established and farmers need to be encouraged
to form their own self-help groups (Action: All participating Centers)
Taking up trials for ascertaining role of management practices and variety to observe
the yield due to individual limiting factors viz. Fertilizer, quality seeds and plant
protection measures (Action: All participating Centers)
Proper monitoring should be done comprising of a team of scientists/officials to
monitor the experimental fields, especially in pre-breeding project for evaluation.
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(Action: ICARDA South Asia Centre)
The meeting ended with vote of thanks to Chair by Dr. S. Gupta, Project
Coordinator, MULLaRP, IIPR, Kanpur.
List of Participants of 1st Steering Committee of DAC-ICARDA-ICAR Collaborative Projects under NFSM-Pulses
Venue: Committee Room No. 112, Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi
S. No. Name
1) Dr. Gurbachan Singh Agriculture Commissioner, DAC,
Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi
Chairman
2) Shri Mukesh Khullar Joint Secretary (Crops) and
Mission Director, NFSM, DAC,
Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi
Co-Chairman
3) Dr. Michael Baum Director, BIGM, ICARDA, Syria Member
4) Dr. Ashutosh Sarker Regional Coordinator, ICARDA-
SACRP, New Delhi
Member
5) Mrs. A. Neeraja Director (Crops) DAC,
Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi
Member
6) Dr. Jai Pal Singh Director (DMD), DAC,
Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi
Member
7) Dr. S.A. Faruqui Director, IGFRI, Jhansi Member
8) Dr. B.B. Singh ADG (OP), ICAR, New Delhi Member
9) Dr. S. Gupta Project Coordinator,
MULLaRP, IIPR, Kanpur
Member
10) Dr. Narendra Kumar Assistant Director, NFSM, DAC
11) Dr. Sankar Lal National Consultants, NFSM, DAC
12) Dr. B.K. Gupta National Consultants, NFSM, DAC
13) Dr. R.S. Malik National Consultants, NFSM, DAC
14) Dr. Rajendra Choudhury Liaisoning Officer,
ICARDA-SACRP, New Delhi
15) Dr. Vipin Kumar Singh P.I.-Grasspea,
ICARDA-SACRP, New Delhi
16) Mr. Kameshwar Kumar Rai Admin. Associate,
ICARDA-SACRP, New Delhi
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Annexure-vii
Proceedings of 2nd Steering Committee Report
Proceedings of the 2nd Steering Committee Meeting of DAC-ICARDA-ICAR Collaborative Projects under NFSM-Pulses held on 14/09/12
Venue: Conference room of International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), South Asia & China Regional Program, NASC Complex, New Delhi-110012
The 2nd Steering Committee meeting of DAC-ICARDA-ICAR collaborative projects
(i) Enhancing lentil production for food, nutritional security and improved rural
livelihoods and (ii) Enhancing grasspea production for safe human food, animal feed,
and sustainable rice-based production systems in India under NFSM-Pulses were held
on 14 September, 2012 in the Conference room of International Center for Agricultural
Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), South Asia & China Regional Program, NASC
Complex, New Delhi-110001. List of participants is enclosed.
4. Dr. N. Nadarajan, Director, IIPR welcomed the Honourable Chairman, and other
members of the Steering Committee on the occasion. Dr. Nadarajan informed the
house about ICAR-ICARDA collaborative project which really achieved the targets under
rice fallows. He also informed that the production of quality seed is increased due to
advanced package of practice and varieties.
5. Mr. M. Khullar, Joint Secretary (Crops) and Mission Director, NFSM and Chairman of
Steering Committee, open the meeting with the remarks that cost economics should
always be considered along with new development of technologies and these
technologies must reach to the farmers within short time. He also raised several
questions, like if advanced varieties are available why farmers are not adopting? Why
are they not replacing the seeds? He also questioned that asynchrony in maturity in
lentil may produce undeveloped seeds at the top canopy and may be a problem in
harvesting.
6. Dr. A. Sarker, Regional Coordinator, ICARDA-SACRP presented the activities done
under both the projects during 2011-12. He reported to house about importance of lentil
under rice fallow and low toxin varieties of grasspea for food as well as fodder purposes.
The scope of lentil and grasspea under fallow condition are well suited for the increase
of pulse production. He also stated that introduction of high yielding varieties along with
advanced practices will help in enhancing the production level. He informed the
members that the project “Enhancing Lentil Production for Food and Nutritional
Security, and Improved Livelihoods” was implemented in the states of Assam, Bihar ,
Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal with partners in respective states namely Assam
Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam; Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa, Bihar;
SPARK (NGO), Patna, Bihar; Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, Uttar
Pradesh; MESADM (NGO), Kalyani, West Bengal and Pulses & Oilseeds Research
Station, Berhampore, West Bengal with the major objectives of:
Enhancing productivity of lentil and establish it as a second crop in rice-fallows to
break mono-cropping, thus increasing cropping intensity
105
Produce and distribute quality seeds of farmer-preferred lentil varieties along with
production technologies (conservation technologies, seed priming, weed control,
foliar spray of urea, etc.)
Improve capacity at field levels for farmer-participatory adaptive research and
technology transfer for adoption and expansion of improved lentil production
technologies
Empowerment of farmers and participating local institutions to establish village-based
seed system(s) to achieve self-sufficiency in seeds
Back-up research for further improvement of lentil varieties and refinement of
production technologies.
He told the house that a total of 1547 farmers were selected in 98 villages of 9
districts in the four target states of the project. In Naugaon District of Assam under pure
crop in rice-fallow and relay crop in rice-fallows 9 villages involving 158 farmers were
selected. HUL-57 and Moitree exhibited yield advantage of 47.6 and 40.6%, respectively
over local varieties under pure crop system. In relay crop in rice fallow, Moitree and
HUL-57 exhibited yield advantage of 41.8 and 36.0% over local variety, respectively.
In Bihar, four villages of Muzaffarpur District were selected for technological
intervention. HUL-57 and Arun exhibited yield advantage of approximately 70% over
local practices. At Nalanda, quality seeds of improved varieties besides other inputs
were given to the farmers along with improve technology interventions. Soil samples
collected from the selected farmers’ field for soil analysis to ascertain the amount of
nutrients to be provided to the crop. He added that non availability of quality seeds, non-
availability of fertilizers in time; technological interventions are the major causes for low
productivity. On the other hand, result of the technical interventions showed that higher
yields compare to the yields realized by farmers with farmers practice and old varieties.
PL-6 (70%) followed by HUL-57 (63%) performed best over the farmers local cultivars
grown with traditional technology. Similarly, in rice fallow and normal sown conditions
showed significantly higher returns. At Patna district, a total of 112 demonstrations
(Normal + Rice fallow) along with seed production programs were conducted in selected
villages. Under normal conditions HUL-57 (62%) followed by KLS-218 (58%) exhibited
fair yield advantage over local while under rice fallow Moitree (62% over local) followed
by IPL-81 (57% over local) identified as best varieties.
In Uttar Pradesh, at Chandauli districts KLS – 218 and HUL -57 produced the best
followed by IPL-81 and Moitree, as these high yielding varieties gave almost double (75-
97%) yields compared to the local lentils grown by traditional means. However, under
rice fallow and normal sown conditions the improved varieties cultivated with improved
technologies gave a yield advantage of 36-56% and 11-23% respectively. At Fatehpur
and Ballia districts effect of Trichoderma, Rhizobium inoculation and their combined
effect were also studied and found significantly higher yields compared to yields of
without seed treatment. Seed treatment with Trichoderma resulted in significant
reduction in wilt infestation and in turn resulted in higher yields compared to the non-
treated lentil. The cost benefits ratio revealed significant higher returns compare to what
farmers getting with their own practice (1.19) is in range of 1.88 for HUL-57 to 2.43 for
106
PL-6. This shows importance of high yielding varieties and improved technologies over
local varieties and farmers practice.
In West Bengal, at Maldah district 227 farmers from 13 villages were selected and five
varieties of lentil Moitree, HUL-57, Subrata, and Subhendu were planted under farmers’
field in participatory program. Moitree and HUL-57 exhibited yield advantage of 74 and
58 % over farmers’ practice respectively. At Murshidabad, five new villages were
selected. Five improved varieties of lentil, Moitree, Subrata, HUL-57, PL-6 and Asha
were tested under farmers' participatory program. It was found that Moitree and Subrata
registered 60% yield advantage over farmer practice. The technological interventions in
the form of seed priming and seed treatment with fungicide followed by two spraying of
2% urea and fungicide before and after flowering reported to be the major factor in yield
increase over farmers practice.
He informed the house that Travelling Workshop made several farmers of UP and Bihar
aware of the fact that the use of high seed rate for sowing normal crop is harmful in
getting higher yield. He mentioned that with farmers’ participation, proper guidance and
supervision at critical stages of crop growth, about 3077 quintals quality seed of farmers'
preferred lentil varieties was produced. He also quoted an example for area conversion
from local to improved variety (ies) after implementation of the project. Total area under
improved variety of lentil in selected villages after two years of project implementation is
around 259 ha instead of 40 ha during 2010.
He also mentioned about the follow-up on the recommendations of 1st Steering
Committee like inclusion of latest varieties, performance of improved varieties with
quality seed over local, impact of improved technologies over farmers’ practice, variety
wise seed production of high yielding lentil varieties.
7. Dr. R. P. Gupta, National Consultant, NFSM, DAC mentioned that the soils representing
the experiment areas are deficient in Sulphur and Boron along with macro- nutrients. He
suggested for site-specific nutrient analysis and management.
8. Dr D. V. Singh, National Consultant, NFSM, DAC advised to have a complete survey of
disease like Stemphylium blight, stages of disease, basic idea of epidemiology so that
we can have some lines resistant to these kind of diseases. Dr Nadarajan appraised
that such a program will be taken-up by IIPR pathologist.
9. Dr B. B. Singh, National Consultant, NFSM, DAC suggested the adaptation trials of the
varieties before implementing into the project so that correct data can be generated.
10. Dr D. A. Sarnaik, Director of Research, IGKVV, Raipur informed about the variety
release procedure while answering to the question of Chairman. He also mentioned that
the work with IGKVV is moving well in 3 district and farmers adopted Mahatiora and
Prateek varieties. To answer the question of the Chairman, he informed that asynchrony
in pulses is an inherent trait, not varietal or species specific. However, the crop can be
harvested at 80% physiological maturity, Dr Nadarajan added.
11. Dr N. Nadarajan¸ Director, IIPR, Kanpur informed the chairman that there are some
reports which states that the cattle are being affected by continuous feeding of Lathyrus
107
straw but it is still not confirmed that it is because of Lathyrus. However, he suggested
an in-depth study on this issue.
Recommendations/Suggestions
The following suggestions/recommendations were made:
Latest varieties of both Lentil and Grasspea along with advanced package of
practice should be transferred. (Action): All participating centers)
Adaptation trials for the selected varieties should also be done. (Action): All
participating centers)
The toxin content (ODAP) of grasspea straw should also be analysed along with
grains as it is used as fodder. (Action): All participating centers)
Soil and nutrient management should be done before sowing of the crops, e. g.
physical and chemical properties of soil should be checked and corrected if possible.
(Action): All participating centers)
Improved practices should include fertilizer package recommended by ICAR and
based on field level findings. (Action): All participating centers)
In-depthScientific data should be recorded and cross checked with SAUs. (Action):
All participating centers)
Survey of diseases, most particularly Stemphylium blight of lentil should be done e.g.
stage of disease, basic idea of epidemiology. (Action): IIPR will lead)
Like lentil, cost-economics for the grasspea should also be done. (Action): All
participating centers)
New areas should be taken into consideration in addition to area covered, and rice-
fallow should be given more importance. (ICARDA)
The Chairman thanked all for their participation in this important meeting
List of Participant:
I. Mr Mukesh Khullar Joint Secretary (Crops) and MissionDirector, Chairman
NFSM, DAC, Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi
II. Dr. N. Nadarajan Director, IIPR, Kanpur Member
III. Dr. Ashutosh Sarker Regional Coordinator, ICARDA-SACRP, Member
New Delhi
IV. Dr. D. A. Sarnaik Director Research, IGKVV, Raipur Member
V. Dr. B.B. Singh National Consultants, NFSM, DAC
VI. Dr. R. K. Gupta National Consultants, NFSM, DAC
VII. Dr. D. V. Singh National Consultants, NFSM, DAC
VIII. Dr. A. H. Rizvi Research Associate, ICARDA-SACRP, New Delhi
108
Annexure –viii
109
Annexure-ix
110
Annexure-x
Report of National Monitoring Team for the Year 2011-12
Evaluation Report of National Consultant (Seeds), NFSM for the DAC-ICAR-ICARDA collaborative project on Pre-breeding, Enhancement of lentil and Grasspea
The Department of Agriculture and Cooperation, GOI vide its letter Nos. CPS 5-25/2009-
NFSM dated 25.8.2010 & CPS 5-34/2010 NFSM dated 29.10.10 sanctioned the following
three DAC-ICARDA-ICAR collaborative projects to ICRADA for initial period of two
years(end of NFSM):
I. Project I: Pre-breeding and genetic enhancement in breaking yield barriers in Kabuli
chickpea and lentil.
II. Project II: Enhancing chickpea production for food, nutritional security and improved
rural livelihood.
III. Project III: Enhancing grass-pea production for safe human food, animal feed and
sustainable rice based production system in Indian nutritional security and improved rural
livelihood.
For monitoring the progress of these collaborative projects the DAC vide its letter no
CPS 5-34/2010 NFSM dated 1.2.12 has constituted the following National Level monitoring
team
Director, of Crop Development Directorate of Assigned State Convenor
Dr. Balram Sharma, Ex Lentil Breeder, IARI Member
Dr. Shanker Lal, National Consultant (NFSM) Member
Shri A. K. Das, Uner Secretary (Finance) Member
Sri Narendra Kumar, Joint Director (NFSM) Member
For evaluating these projects in the State of Uttar Pradesh, Dr. Shanker Lal, National
Consultant (NFSM) and Shri A. K. Das, Unedr Secretary (Finance) could not join due to
some pre-engagements and following members visited IIPR, Kanpur and Fatehpur, during
February 7-10, 2012, where projects were under operation:
Dr. V. K. Yadav, Director, Directorate of Sugarcane Development Convenor
Dr. Balram Sharma, Ex Lentil Breeder, IARI Member
Sri Narendra Kumar, Joint Director (NFSM) Member
Under the budget allocation for IIPR, Kanpur under Pre-breeding lentil and chickpea,
total Rs. 8.52 lakhs and Rs. 9.9 lakhs have been provided during 2nd year. However, even
the balance of last year, especially under the equipment head could not be utilized fully. The
fund utilization is not satisfactory. They reported that some of their expenditure is being met
from Institute fund, so the expenditure from project is a bit slow. However, they assured
that, since equipment order has been placed, the expenditure is expected to be satisfactory
by the end of this financial year as the equipment and drought shelters would be ready by
that time.
In Fatehpur, the lentil enhancement project was in progress. Discussing with farmers
and observing the fields we could the feedback
111
Lentil crop has been introduced after paddy harvest for past 2-3 years, specifically
under this project.
Crops in the farmers’ fields were
very good and farmers were
very satisfied with the lentil
cultivation. They like HUL-57
and NDL-1 very much which
have been introduced during last
year under this project.
All the inputs viz. improved
seeds, fertilizer, fungicides and
seed treatment materials were
provided to the farmers.
Frequent monitoring and
technological advice were
provided to farmers and SRF
were regular in visiting the fields.
Farmers have formed their Self Help Group through they are producing the seed and
farmer to farmer marketing also. However, their seeds were mostly truthfully labelled
seed.
Last year some quantities of seeds were also bought back by the IIPR, Kanpur for
distribution among the farmers.
The following deficiencies were observed which required proper attention:
No line sowing has been observed either in seed production or demonstration on
lentil and Seed rate was high
Some of the fields were infested with weeds, however any obnoxious weeds were
not found
Out of the allocation of Rs. 28.00 lakhs for the Fatehpur and Ballia, only about 50-
55% funds were utilized
For evaluating these projects in the State of Bihar, Dr. Shanker Lal, National
Consultant (NFSM) and Shri A. K. Das, Under Secretary (Finance) could not join due to
some pre-engagements and following members visited IIPR, Kanpur and Fatehpur, where
projects were under operation during February 11-13, 2012:
Dr. M. C. Divakar, Director, Directorate of Rice Development Convenor
Dr. Balram Sharma, Ex Lentil Breeder, IARI Member
Sri Narendra Kumar, Joint Director (NFSM) Member
On 11th February, the Chairman was given with the list of villages, farmers in the Patna
district where the two projects on lentil enhancement and Grasspea enhancement are under
operation and executing agency is one NGO, Society for promotion of Agricultural Research
and Knowledge (SPARK). The Chairman decided to visit some of the villages where the
project was implement during last year and some of the villages where project has been
implemented during this year. It was also decided to visit some of the fields where Seed
production has been undertaken. Out of the villages where last year (2010-11) project was
Monitoring team at Fatehpur 2011-12
112
implemented (Gopalpur, Arap, Bilap, Sihi and Baghakol), the team decided to visited
Gopalpur and Sihi Villages and among the
villages (Tarari, Mohanpur-Abgilla, Auta in
Mokam Tal, Yaropur and Babhanlai) where
project is implemented during this year (2011-
12), visit of Auta in Mokam Tal, and
Mohanpur-Abgilla was finalised during the
period of 11-13 February in Patna district.
Visiting the villages, Sihi and
Gopalpur, where from last year, the project is
under operation and villages Auta in Mokam
Tal, and Mohanpur-Abgilla, where this project
has been implemented, we observed:
Mostly the lentil has been sown as
broadcast and after harvest of paddy
The crop condition of both the Lentil and Grasspea was very satisfactory and farmers
were very happy with the technological interventions and provision of new seeds.
Last year farmers were provided with HUL-57, NDL-1, IPL-81, Arun and KLS-218,
while this year farmers were provided Moitree, PL-6, HUL-57, KLS-218 and IPL-81.
Farmers were so happy with the performance of NDL-1, HUL-57 and IPL-81, even
after not getting the seed of NDL-1 from SPARK, large number of farmers have sown
the NDL-1 getting seed from other farmers who grew last year.
Farmer to farmer distribution of NDL-1, HUL-57 and IPL-81 has been maximum and it
has gone to other blocks and districts also.
Farmers were given seed, rhizobium culture, and fungicide for seed treatment along
with the packet of seeds. However, the basal dose of fertilizer was not given to all the
farmers. On enquiry, it was informed by the SPARK representative that before giving
the chemical fertilizer the soil testing was done and in the fields of paddy where
nutrients were available (from the application of fertilizer in paddy), no basal dose of
chemical fertilizer was to those farmers. However, where ever requirement was there,
DAP and Muriate of Potash was provided.
Frequent monitoring and technological advice were provided to farmers and SRF were
regular in visiting the fields.
The registration for production of foundation seed and certified seeds of lentil varieties
viz. HUL-57, PL-6, PL-8, Moitree and KLS-218 and Grasspea varieties Ratan and
Prateek has been undertaken. Grasspea seed production has been taken only in
Nalanda district and one variety in one village. One visit of Seed Certification agency
was already completed.
Farmers liked lentil variety HUL-57 and NDL-1 very much for normal condition and
IPL-81 and Moitree for sowing after paddy harvest, which have been introduced under
this project and earlier farmers were growing only their traditional variety or Arun
among the improved one.
In the village, Mohanpur-Abgilla, a group of farmers were given plant protection
equipment, the Gator Sprayer, where the lentil was destroyed twice by the caterpillar
Monitoring team at Patna 2011-12
113
at the initial stages after germination. The farmers were advised to spray the crop
three-four times with 2% urea and now farmers were happy with the crop condition.
The farmers who did not spray and left, they had to go for re-sowing which did not
perform well.
Farmers were also provided with Ista (N:P) and other NPK mixture for spray along with
SAAF (combination to Carbendazim and Monkeba) fungicide for spraying the crop at
flowering and afterward.
We saw some of fields of lentil completely giving the burning look with negligible pods,
where neither seed treatment nor fungicide spraying was done nor crop was sown very
early, whereas the fields have improved variety with seed treatment and application of
fungicide, the crop was very healthy with lot of pods.
However, the following deficiencies were observed which required proper attention:
No line sowing has been observed either in seed production or demonstration on
lentil and Seed rate was high
Some of the fields were infested with weeds, however any no weeds were found in
seed crop.
Out of the allocation of Rs. 11.97 lakhs for the Patna, about 60-70% funds were
utilized.
In Nalanda also, we visited both the
villages where project was implemented last year
as well as this year. Here, the project is
implemented directly by ICARDA. Here also our
observation and farmers reaction was the same
as in Patna district, except that;
In Nalanda, farmers’ first choice is HUL-57
and 2nd choice IPL-81. They liked Moitree
also but said that after harvest only they
would give its rating.
In this district, spread of varieties, HUL-57
and IPL-81, which was introduced first
time by ICARDA has been very fast and in
more area.
Farmers were happy for the door to door provision of improved technology and new
seeds. They never did seed treatment with fungicide and rhizobium earlier. This has
increased the yield and also reduced the wild in their fields.
The farmers’ preference for Ratan variety of Grasspea was much more than Prateek,
Mahateora and Nirmal because of big grain and high biomass.
Among the input, the basic dose of fertilizer have also been provided to the farmers
and soil testing has also been done, the report of which was not available during the
period of supply of inputs.
The fund allocated has been utilized properly. However, here also the following deficiencies
were observed which required proper attention:
No line sowing has been observed either in seed production or demonstration on
lentil and Seed rate was high
Monitoring team at Nalanda 2011-12
114
Some of the fields were infested with weeds, however any no weeds were found in
seed crop.
Some off type plants and mustard plants were also found along with lentil crop in the
fields
For evaluating these projects in the State of West Bengal, Shri A. K. Das, Under
Secretary (Finance) could not join due to some pre-engagements and following members
visited from 17.2.12 to 21.2.12 (Nadia and South 24 parganas, Murshidabad and Malda) for
evaluation of two project on lentil enhancement and grasspea enhancement.
Dr. S. K. Biswas, Director, Directorate of Jute Development Convener
Dr. Balram Sharma, Ex Lentil Breeder, IARI Member
Dr. Shanker Lal, National Consultant (NFSM) Member
Sri Narendra Kumar, Joint Director (NFSM) Member
At Murshidabad, we visited some of the villages where lentil project was implemented
during last year. Here, implementing agency is Pulses and Oilseeds Research Station of
Department of Agriculture, govt. of West Bengal.
Among 5 varieties of lentil (Moitree, Subrata, HUL-57, Subhendu, NDL-1), Moitree
has been found most promising. It has been taken up in seed production
programme.HUL-57 has been found resistant to rust.
In the village Bhola, Basudeva Khali, mostly crop were under the Rice fallow and
under utera cultivation
The crop of lentil and in Basudeva Khali some of farmers in a group have planted
mostly Lentil variety, Moitree and Subrata and grasspea variety Ratan for seed
production
Foundation stage 1 seed of Moitree procured from oil seed and pulses Research
Stattion, Murshidabad has been taken up in foundation stage II production
programme in most of the places. The fields have been registered by the Seed
Certificate Agency. One inspection has already been done. Most of the seed will be
purchased by the project under buy back system for next year’s distribution. Rest of
the seed will be procured by the State Seed Corporation for further sale.
Application of rhizobium culture has been made popular among farmers by PORS.
.This practice will improve the soil fertility.
There has been observed district difference between the improved and local
varieties. Therefore, the farmers were enthusiastic in adopting the improved varieties
(mostly Moitree)
All the inputs (Seed, rhizobium culture, fungicide and fertilizers) were provided to the
farmers.
Out of the allocation of Rs. 13.99 lakhs to PORS, Berhampore, fund utilization was
found to be satisfactory.
However, following deficiencies were observed which needs improvement:
The PORS, Berhampore has experienced the difficulties in getting approval for
various activities and expenditure from Writers Building in Kolkata(Govt. of WB)
115
Except in one demonstration visited on lentil no line sowing has been observed either
in seed production or demonstration on lentil.
Very high seed rate in both the pulses was used which adversely affected the
flowering and podding in these crops.
In most of the demonstrations and seed production fields the weed infestation was
noticed.
In lathyrus, off types were frequently observed.
Non availability of certified seed of released varieties of lentil and lathyrus has
discouraged the farmers to increase the area under these pulses.
At Malda, we visited some of the villages in Ratua block where lentil project has been
implemented. Here, implementing agency is a NGO, ‘Madhyamgram Eco Friendly
Sustainable Agricultural Development Mission. Here the project is implemented for past
two years. Visiting the fields and discussing with farmers following points emerged;
The crop of lentil in the farmers’ field was very good.
Mostly the variety HUL-57, Moitree and Subrata were planted. HUL-57 was
introduced for the first time under the project last year.
Farmers like very much the Moitree and HUL-57.
Most of the lentil sowing has been done after the harvest of paddy. Few plots of
utera cultivation with Moitree were also observed.
All the inputs have been provided to the farmers and seed treatment with rhizobium
and fungicide was to be popularised under the project.
Foundation stage 1 seed of Moitree procured from oil seed and pulses Research
Stattion, Morshidabad has been taken up in foundation stage II production
programme in most of the places. The fields have been registered by the Seed
Certificate Agency. One inspection has already been done. Most of the seed will be
purchased by the project under buy back system for next year’s distribution. Rest of
the seed will be procured by the State Seed Corporation for further sale.
Some of the seeds were procured by the MESADM under buy back system from the
seeds produced last year by the farmers.
Out of the allocation of Rs. 11.97 lakhs to MESADM, approximately, funds have been
utilized in fully.
Monitoring team at Murshidabad 2011-12
116
However, following deficiencies were observed which needs improvement:
No line sowing has been observed either in seed production or demonstration on
lentil.
Very high seed rate in both the pulses was used which adversely affected the
flowering and podding in these crops.
In most of the demonstrations and seed production fields the weed infestation was
very high. In the lentil, the Vicia sativa (Akra) was noticed, which is an objectionable
weed.
Non availability of certified seed of released varieties of lentil and lathyrus has
discouraged the farmers to increase the area under these pulses.
Although, certified seeds were produced by farmers which were procured by
MESADM, still farmers were provided only truthful seeds for demonstration.
The reporting of variety i.e. in field and in register did not match, which showed that
visit of scientists have not been frequent. This may be because; the NGO’s Reg.
Office is located in Howrah and Project Office in Nadia district.
117
Annexure- xi
Notional Monitoring Team Report for the Year 2012-13
Monitoring Tour Report of Mr. Lalit Sharma, Asstt. Director, Directorate of Jute
Development, Kolkata: Monitoring in West Bengal
Under the Pilot project entitled “Enhancing grasspea production for safe human food, animal
feed and sustainable rice-based production system in India” and also Pilot project entitled
“Enhancing lentil production for Food, Nutritional Security and Improved Rural Livelihood”
funded by DAC-ICARDA-ICAR, the visit has been undertaken to Nadia, Murshidabad and
Malda districts of West Bengal as per details indicated hereunder:
02-03-2013: Nadia
The grasspea project is being implemented in the district by Bidhan Chandra Krishi
Viswavidalaya, Directorate of Research, Kalyani. The visit was undertaken to Birnagar,
Paharpur and Hatpukar villages of Nadia district of West Bengal where the fields of grasspea
inspected. It was observed during the field visits after interaction with the farmers that the
Ratan variety of the crop was sown in the field which was distributed among them under the
programme and majority of the sowing was done during the 1st week of November, 2012.
Besides, it was gathered that the inputs like fertilizer (N:P:K @ 20:40:40/ha) and Rhizobium
culture for seed treatment @ 300 gm/bigha were also distributed to the beneficiaries under
the programme. During field visits, it was gathered that the farmers used two foliar sprays of
2% Urea (one before flowering and another before pod formation) in their grasspea crop. In
village Paharpur, it was observed in few fields of grasspea that some patches of the field
have been dried/damaged due to incessant rain during mid November, 2012 which creates
seepage of water in the field from nearby field resulted in stagnation of water in the field. The
crop was found at maturity stage during field visits in the mentioned villages. In village
Hatpukar, the farmer’s field day was organized and interaction was held with the
participating farmers on performance of grasspea crop in their fields. During field visits, it
was gathered that the farmers seems to be pleased with the way the crop is performing and
expecting better yield from the crop than normal crop and will continue to grow the same in
future.
03-03-2013: Murshidabad
Both lentil and grasspea projects are being implemented in the district by the Pulses and
Oilseeds Research Station, Department of Agriculture, Government of West Bengal. The
visit was made to Ramna Sekhpara and Khoyramari villages of Murshidabad district of West
Bengal. Besides, the participation was also made in the farmer’s field day organized in the
Ramna Sekhpara and Khoyramari villages. In the farmers’ field day, the interaction was held
with the farmers participated in the programme and it was gathered that four HYVs of lentil
namely, WBL-77 (Moitree), Subrata, PL-6 and NDL-1 were being cultivated by the farmers
and out of them ,PL-6 and NDL-1 have been introduced first time for cultivation. It was also
118
gathered after interaction with farmers that PL-6 and Moitree are giving higher yield than rest
of the two varieties. Besides, the beneficiary farmers informed that the inputs like like
fertilizer (N:P:K @ 20:40:40/ha) and Rhizobium culture for seed treatment @ 300 gm/bigha
for raising grasspea while fertilizer (N:P:K @ 30:60:60/ha) and Rhizobium culture for seed
treatment @ 200 gm/bigha for raising lentil crop were also distributed to them under the
programme. In Ramna Sekhpara village, some fields of lentil crop cultivating therein breeder
seed of the aforesaid four HYVs was visited
and it was observed that the majority of
sowing of the crop was done in the first
week of November, 2012 while in some
fields, the crop was also sown in third and
fourth week of November, 2012. In
Khoyramari village, the sowing of breeder
seed of Moitree and Subrata HYVs of lentil
crop and also Ratan, Nirmal variety of
grasspea crop was done in fields during the
month of November, 2012. The breeder
seed of both lentil and grasspea crops was
used from their own source. It was gathered
after interaction with the beneficiary farmers
of the programme that the expected harvesting of both lentil and grasspea crops will be
around mid March, 2013. It was also gathered that some of the farmers has cultivated the
lentil crop first time in their fields after the persuasion by the concerned officials related to the
programme. Both lentil and grasspea crops were found at maturity stage in fields. During the
field visits, the infestation of stem phyllium blight disease was observed in a patch of nearby
field wherein the local variety of lentil crop was sown. As a whole, the beneficiary farmers
informed during discussions in the field visits that they are getting benefits by cultivating
these crops under the programme and would like to continue to grow these crops in future in
their fields.
04-03-2013: Malda
The lentil project is being implemented in the
district by NGO namely Madhyamgram
Ecofriendly Sustainable Agriculture
Development Mission. The visit was
undertaken to Narharipur, Chandipur and
Madia villages of Malda district of West Bengal.
During field visits, it was gathered after
interaction with the farmers that the foundation
seed of Moitree variety of lentil crop was used
for sowing in the field. Moreover, the inputs like
fertilizer (urea – 5 Kg/ bigha, SSP – 35 Kg/
bigha and MOP – 5 Kg/ bigha) and plant
protection chemicals like Bavistin/ Thiram @
15 gm/ bigha with Rhizobium culture for seed
Monitoraing Team at Malda 2012-13
Monitoring Team at Murshidabad 2012-13
119
treatment @ 200 gm/bigha for raising lentil crop was also distributed to the beneficiaries
under the programme. It was observed during field visits that the farmers have sown their
crop during the month of November, 2012 and few farmers have sown the crop as
intercropping with linseed and wheat crop in their fields. In Narharipur village, the infestation
of stem phyllium blight disease was observed in some area of a field where the foundation
seed of Moitree variety of lentil crop was cultivated on 17th November, 2012. In Chandipur
village, the farmers have sown the Breeder seed of Subrata variety of lentil crop in the first
week of November. In Madia village, the farmers have sown the Foundation seed of Moitree
variety in few fields and the Breeder seed of Subrata variety in few other fields. The crop
was found at maturity stage in fields. During discussions with the farmers in field visits, the
farmers informed that they are likely to get better yield from the crop than normal crop and
will continue to grow the lentil crop in future.
05-03-2013: Malda
The visit was made to Bandhakuri, Saharatala, Harekestopur and Pindaltala villages of
Malda district of West Bengal. It was gathered during field visit at the village Bandhakuri after
interaction with the farmers that the truthfully labelled seed of HUL-57 variety and the
Breeder seed of Asha variety of lentil crop was used for sowing in the field. In Saharatala
village, the foundation seed of Moitree variety of lentil crop was also used for sowing. In
Harekestopur village, the breeder seed of Asha variety of lentil crop was used as utera for
sowing. In Pindaltala village, the breeder seed of HUL-57 variety and the breeder/foundation
seed of Moitree variety of lentil crop were used for sowing in the field. Moreover, the inputs
like fertilizer (urea – 5 Kg/ bigha, SSP – 35 Kg/ bigha and MOP – 5 Kg/ bigha) and plant
protection chemicals like Bavistin/ Thiram @ 15 gm/ bigha with Rhizobium culture for seed
treatment @ 200 gm/bigha for raising lentil crop was also distributed to the beneficiaries
under the programme. Generally, the farmers have sown their crop in the first fortnight of
November and some farmers have also sown the lentil crop in the third week of November. It
was observed in Bandhakuri village that the farmers have sown the crop as intercropping
with linseed and wheat crop in few fields. The crop was found at maturity stage in fields.
During field visits, the farmers expressed happiness over the performance of the crop
expecting better yield than normal crop and will continue to grow the lentil crop in future.
Summary of the observations recorded during the visit are indicated hereunder
1. Both grasspea and lentil crops were grown in the farmer’s field as seed innovation
program i.e. to mutiply seed and establish seed hub in a village under the above-mentioned
DAC-ICARDA-ICAR pilot projects.
2. For cultivation of grasspea under the project, mainly seed of Ratan and Nirmal variety was
distributed among the beneficiaries and other inputs like fertilizer (N:P:K @ 20:40:40/ha) and
Rhizobium culture for seed treatment @ 300 gm/bigha was also distributed. For cultivation of
lentil under the project, mainly seed of Moitree, Subrata, PL-6 and NDL-1 variety was
distributed among the beneficiaries and other inputs like fertilizer (N:P:K @ 30:60:60/ha) and
Rhizobium culture for seed treatment @ 200 gm/bigha was also distributed.
120
3. During the field visits, the crop condition of both grasspea and lentil crops was good and
found at maturity stage.
4. The minor incidence of infestation of stem phyllium blight disease was observed in a field
of lentil crop in Narharipur village of Malda district. In village Paharpur of Nadia district, it was
observed that some patches of the field of grasspea have been dried/damaged due to
incessant rain during mid November, 2012 which creates seepage of water in the field from
nearby field resulted in stagnation of water in the field. It is suggested that selection of plot
may be done at suitable location for the crop to avoid such problems.
5. During the field visits, the beneficiary farmers were very happy with the growth of the crop
in their field under the above-mentioned DAC-ICARDA-ICAR pilot projects and expected
better yield than normal crop and would like to continue to grow these crops in future. During
discussions with the farmers in farmer’s field day, some of the beneficiary farmers impressed
upon providing the seed of PL-6 and Moitree varieties of lentil crop to them for cultivation for
the next crop season.
Monitoring Tour Report of Dr. Shashi Bhushan Sharma, Scientist, CRIJAF,
Barrackpore, Kolkata: Monitoring in West Bengal
Under the Pilot project entitled “Enhancing grass pea production for safe human food, animal
feed and sustainable rice-based production system in India” and also Pilot project entitled
“Enhancing lentil production for Food, Nutritional Security and Improved Rural Livelihood”
funded by DAC-ICARDA-ICAR, the visit has been undertaken to Nadia, Murshidabad and
Malda districts of West Bengal as per details indicated hereunder:
02-03-2013: Nadia
In Nadia district we visited Birnagar, Paharpur and Hatpukur village were grass pea project
is being implemented by Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidalaya, Directorate of Research,
Kalyani. During field visit and farmers interactions it was found that under the project several
scientific interventions in grass pea have helped farmers to rediscover its nutritional and
ecological advantages in the area. Introduction of low neurotoxin containing grasspea
varieties like Ratan and Nirmal got popular among farmers in the area for both grain (pulse)
and fodder. Such high biomass producing varieties with low neurotoxins have helped
farmers to meet their nutritional as well as fodder requirement in the area were previously
cereal based crops being grown on subsistence basis. The crop has also carved a niche in
the mind of farmers due to its ability to sustain soil fertility and rejuvenate rice-based
production system in the area. Production interventions like sowing during 1st week of
November, application of fertilizer (N: P: K @ 20:40:40/ha) and Rhizobium culture for seed
treatment @ 300 gm/bigha and two foliar sprays of 2% Urea (one before flowering and
another before pod formation) in their grasspea field has helped farmers to realize the
potential yield of these varieties which was hitherto not experienced by farmers in the area.
In village Paharpur, the crop was found at maturity stage. During field visit it was observed
that some patches of the field have been dried/damaged due to incessant rain during mid
November, 2012 which creates seepage of water in the field from nearby field resulted in
121
stagnation of water in the field. In village Hatpukar, the farmer’s field day was organized and
interaction was held with the participating farmers on performance of grasspea crop in their
fields. Overall, farmers in the area were found to be enthusiastic of crop performance and
expecting better yield from the crop than local landraces under subsistence cultivation
practices.
03-03-2013: Murshidabad
Both lentil and grasspea projects are being implemented in the district by the Pulses and
Oilseeds Research Station, Department of Agriculture, Government of West Bengal. The
visit was made to Ramna Sekhpara and Khoyramari villages of Murshidabad district of West
Bengal. Besides, the participation was also made in the farmer’s field day organized in the
Ramna Sekhpara and Khoyramari villages. In the farmers’ field day, the interaction was held
with the farmers participated in the programme and it was gathered that four HYVs of lentil
namely, WBL-77 (Moitree), Subrata, PL-6 and NDL-1 were being cultivated by the farmers
and out of them ,PL-6 and NDL-1 have been introduced first time for cultivation. It was also
gathered after interaction with farmers that PL-6 and Moitree are giving higher yield than rest
of the two varieties. Besides, the beneficiary farmers informed that the inputs like fertilizer
(N:P:K @ 20:40:40/ha) and Rhizobium culture for seed treatment @ 300 gm/bigha for
raising grasspea while fertilizer (N:P:K @ 30:60:60/ha) and Rhizobium culture for seed
treatment @ 200 gm/bigha for raising lentil crop were also distributed to them under the
programme. In Ramna Sekhpara village, it was observed that the majority of sowing of the
crop was done in the first week of November, 2012 while in some fields; the crop was also
sown in third and fourth week of November, 2012. In Khoyramari village, the sowing of
breeder seed of Moitree and Subrata HYVs of lentil crop and also Ratan, Nirmal variety of
grasspea crop was done in fields during the month of November, 2012. The breeder seed of
both lentil and grasspea crops was used from their own source. It was gathered after
interaction with the beneficiary farmers of the programme that the expected harvesting of
both lentil and grasspea crops will be around mid March, 2013. It was also gathered that
some of the farmers has cultivated the lentil crop first time in their fields after the persuasion
by the concerned officials related to the programme. Both lentil and grasspea crops were
found at maturity stage in fields. During the field visits, the infestation of stem phyllium blight
disease was observed in a patch of nearby field wherein the local variety of lentil crop was
sown. As a whole, the beneficiary farmers informed during discussions in the field visits that
they are getting benefits by cultivating these crops under the programme and would like to
continue to grow these crops in future in their fields.
04-03-2013: Malda
The lentil project is being implemented in the district by NGO namely Madhyamgram
Ecofriendly Sustainable Agriculture Development Mission. The visit was undertaken to
Narharipur, Chandipur and Madia villages of Malda district of West Bengal. During field
visits, it was gathered after interaction with the farmers that the foundation seed of Moitree
variety of lentil crop was used for sowing in the field. Moreover, the inputs like fertilizer (urea
– 5 Kg/ bigha, SSP – 35 Kg/ bigha and MOP – 5 Kg/ bigha) and plant protection chemicals
122
like Bavistin/ Thiram @ 15 gm/ bigha with Rhizobium culture for seed treatment @ 200
gm/bigha for raising lentil crop was also distributed to the beneficiaries under the
programme. It was observed during field visits that the farmers have sown their crop during
the month of November, 2012 and few farmers have sown the crop as intercropping with
linseed and wheat crop in their fields. In Narharipur village, the infestation of stem phyllium
blight disease was observed in some area of a field where the foundation seed of Moitree
variety of lentil crop was cultivated on 17th November, 2012. In Chandipur village, the
farmers have sown the Breeder seed of Subrata variety of lentil crop in the first week of
November. In Madia village, the farmers have sown the Foundation seed of Moitree variety
in few fields and the Breeder seed of Subrata variety in few other fields. The crop was found
at maturity stage in fields. During discussions with the farmers in field visits, the farmers
informed that they are likely to get better yield from the crop than normal crop and will
continue to grow the lentil crop in future.
05-03-2013: Malda
The visit was made to Bandhakuri, Saharatala, Harekestopur and Pindaltala villages of
Malda district of West Bengal. It was gathered during field visit at the village Bandhakuri after
interaction with the farmers that the truthfully labelled seed of HUL-57 variety and the
Breeder seed of Asha variety of lentil crop was used for sowing in the field. In Saharatala
village, the foundation seed of Moitree variety of lentil crop was also used for sowing. In
Harekestopur village, the breeder seed of Asha variety of lentil crop was used as utera for
sowing. In Pindaltala village, the breeder seed of HUL-57 variety and the breeder/foundation
seed of Moitree variety of lentil crop were used for sowing in the field. Moreover, the inputs
like fertilizer (urea – 5 Kg/ bigha, SSP – 35 Kg/ bigha and MOP – 5 Kg/ bigha) and plant
protection chemicals like Bavistin/ Thiram @ 15 gm/ bigha with Rhizobium culture for seed
treatment @ 200 gm/bigha for raising lentil crop was also distributed to the beneficiaries
under the programme. Generally, the farmers have sown their crop in the first fortnight of
November and some farmers have also sown the lentil crop in the third week of November. It
was observed in Bandhakuri village that the farmers have sown the crop as intercropping
with linseed and wheat crop in few fields. The crop was found at maturity stage in fields.
During field visits, the farmers expressed happiness over the performance of the crop
expecting better yield than normal crop and will continue to grow the lentil crop in future.
Summary of the observations recorded during the visit are indicated hereunder:
During the field visits, the crop condition of both grasspea and lentil crops were good
and found at maturity stage.
For both crop namely lentil and grasspea newly developed HYVs have been
disseminated and those variety performed well compare to local landraces in field.
Hence, under the project newly released varieties reached to unreached people of
remote rural part of the state.
Farmers have been motivated and mobilized for adopting pulse crops like lentil and
grasspea to meet their food and fodder requirement at sustainable basis in the
region.
123
Dissemination of low neurotoxin producing varieties of grasspea like Ratan and
Nirmal in the region is not only helping in realizing more profit but also replacing local
poor yielding landraces producing very high neurotoxins . Therefore reducing
neurotoxin burden in farmer’s diet.
Stem phyllium blight disease is one of the serious problems for lentil in the area.
Varieties like PL-6 identified as resistance in field against the disease. Dissemination
of such variety helps to restore farmer’s confidence in pulse crop’s profitability in the
area.
For cultivation of grasspea under the project, production interventions like fertilizer
(N: P: K @ 20:40:40/ha) and Rhizobium culture for seed treatment @ 300 gm/bigha
recommended. Similarly, for cultivation of lentil under the project inputs like fertilizer
(N: P: K @ 30:60:60/ha) and Rhizobium culture for seed treatment @ 200 gm/bigha
was recommended. These interventions helped farmers to increase their pulse
production and farm profitability.
The minor incidence of infestation of stem phyllium blight disease was observed in a
field of lentil crop in Narharipur village of Malda district. In village Paharpur of Nadia
district, it was observed that some patches of the field of grasspea have been
dried/damaged due to incessant rain during mid November, 2012 which creates
seepage of water in the field from nearby field resulted in stagnation of water in the
field. It is suggested that selection of plot may be done at suitable location for the
crop to avoid such problems.
In Murshidabad district, some fields had relatively higher weed pressure. That may
be due to late sowing of crops which should be avoided.
In lentil field (Malda district), higher seed rate compare to recommended dose has
been applied. This resulted in dense vegetative growth of the crop and increased
their susceptibility to stem phyllium blight in the region.
Overall, during the field visits, the beneficiary farmers were very happy with the
growth of the crop in their field under the above-mentioned DAC-ICARDA-ICAR pilot
projects and expected better yield than normal crop and would like to continue to
grow these crops in future. During discussions with the farmers in farmer’s field day,
some of the beneficiary farmers impressed upon providing the seed of PL-6 and
Moitree varieties of lentil crop to them for cultivation for the next crop season.
Monitoring Tour Report of Dr. S.K.Singh, Pr. Scientist, ICAR Res. Complex,
Patna: Monitoring in Bihar
Name of Officer : Dr. S. K. Singh
Duration of tour : 2 days from 8.00 am of 07.03.12 to 8.30 pm of 08.03.13
Project under which : D.L.W.M
124
Tour was proposed
Objective of the tour: To monitor the farmers field in Patna & Nalanda districts for
the two projects, one on the Lentil & other
Lathyrus, sponsored by DAC-ICARDA-
ICAR, in the name of project on Lentil is
“Enhancing Lentil Production for food,
Nutritional security & Improved Rural
Livelihoods” and other Project on
Lathyrus is “Enhancing Grass pea
Production for safe human food, Animal
feed & sustainable rice-based cropping
system in India”
Place of visit: Farmers field in the village
of Sihi & Jawarpur-Koraiya, Block –
Dulhin Bazar in Patna district. And farmer
field visit in village, Tharthari dih, PS & Block Tharthari, Kooruth and Dayalpur in Chandi
Bkock of Nalanda district.
Farmers field visit district Patna: Name of farmers of Sihi village, were Shri Birendra
Kumar S/O, Late Janardan Singh, Sidhnath Sharma S/O, Late Raghuvash Pd. Singh,
Akhilanand Sharma S/O, Late Balbhadra
Narayen Sharma, Shri Rambinay Sharma
S/O, Rajbalam Sharma & Ranjit Kumar S/O,
Shri Arun Sharma. The other village was
Jawarpur – Koraiya and the farmers whose
field was visited were Ramnarayen S/O, Shri
Vinda Yadav & Rabindranath S/O, Shri
Bharat Prasad.
Farmers field visit district Nalanda:
Farmers viz. Bipin Kumar S/O, Late Harihar
Prasad, Rajkishor Prasad S/O, Shri Jowala
Prasad, Sadan Prasad S/O, Late Harihar
Prasad & Vinay Kumar S/O, Rajkishor
Prasad in Tharthari dih, village Kooruth
farmers viz. Tezbali S/O, Laldev Prasad, Nawal Gop S/O, Panchbadan Yadav & village
Dayalpur farmers viz. Rambiranjan Singh & Shashikant Kumar in Nalanda district.
Specific observation of farmers field visit Patna district (07.03.2013): 28 farmers of Sihi
were doing the Lentil demonstration and seed production from last two years sponsored by
DAC-ICARDA-ICAR & 12 Farmers have conducted demonstration and seed production of
Lathyrus. Prior to the interventions by DAC-ICARDA-ICARthe farmers were doing the Lentil
cultivation with there own local varities in traditional way. This year seven varities of Lentil
i.e. PL-6, PL-8, IPL-406, NDL-1, HUL-57, KLS-218 & IPL-81 have been introduced, along
with two varities of Lathyrus with low ODAP i.e. Ratan & Prateek provided to the farmers.
Rambinay sharma & Sidhnath Sharma has grown PL-6 variety of Lentil in 1.0 ha & 0.5 ha
respectively, Akhilanand Sharma has grown PL-8 variety of Lentil 0.8 ha birendra Kumar has
Monitoring team at Nalanda 2012-13
Monitoring team at Patna 2012-13
125
grown IPL-406 in 0.8 ha. Ranjit Singh of the same village has grown Ratan variety of
Lathyrus in 0.6 ha as a Paira crop. All the selected farmaers have done the seed treatment
with Rhizobium culture and Bavestin. Some of the farmers have applied DAP @ 1kg / Kattha
they have also applied NPK solution at foliage stage. For the protection of Stem phyllium
blight they have also applied SAAF (Carbendazim + Mancozeb). No foliage disease and
insect damaged there observed the crop condition is excelent & Farmers are expecting a
good yield of 1.5 to 1.8 ton/ha. Some of the farmers have sown Lentil & Lathyrus crop late as
water recieded from there plot very late. Some small patches of wilt were also observed
specially in PL-6 of Lentil variety. The other village visited by us dated 07.03.13 was
Jawarpur – Koraiya . Here Rabindranath & Ramnarayen Yadav has also done the Lathyrus
cultivation as a Paira crop in 1.25 ha each. Ramnarayen has cultivated NDL-1 variety of
Lentil in Fallow & Rabindra nath has sown PL-6 variety of Lentil in Rice fallows. They have
also followed the instruction provided by the DAC-ICARDA-ICAR project i.e. seed treatment
& latest technology. The crop condition is good and the farmers happy with there crop
condition. After the field visit was over the members of monitoring team also participated in
the field day organized by SPARK in local High School premises. About 50-60 farmers from
these two villages particpated on the occasion. Farmers intracted freely and frankly with the
members of the team and asked many questions regarding cultivation of Lentil & Lathyrus.
The farmers were informed regarding latest information pertaining to cultivation of Lentil &
Lathyrus. They were also adviced to the grow Lathyrus variety with low ODAP i.e. Ratan,
Prateek & Nirmal etc. As good as for human food & animal feed.Specific observation of
farmers field visit Nalanda district (08.03.2013) : The village viz. Tharthari dih, Block –
Tharthari, Kooruth & Dayalpur, Block – Chandi were visited by the monitoring team the plots
four farmers Rajkishor Prasad, Vinay Kumar, Sadan Prasad & Bipin kumar have Rajkishor
Prasad & Vinay Kumar has grown IPL-406 variety of Lentil in 0.75 & 0.5 ha respectively
where as Sadan Prasad & Bipin Kumar has sown NDL-1 variety of Lentil in 1.0 & 0.5 ha
respectively. All the demonstrations were sown in Normal sown situation in between 9th Nov.
to 28th Nov. 2012. In village Kooruth the field of Nawal gop & Tezbali Kumar there visited
both of them have planted PL-6 in 1.0 ha each. In this village sowing have done is Rice
fallows. In Dayalpur village of Chandi Block the field of Shashikant Kumar & Rambiranjan
Singh there visited. Rambiranjan Singh has sown NDL-1 & Shashikant grew PL-8 variety of
Lentil in Normal sown situation. All the 8 Lentil growing farmers have followed the package
of practices i.e. seed treatment Rhizobium & Fungicides along with protection for disease &
Insect pest infestations. The crop condition was excellent with traces of any disease & insect
attacked. The farmers here happy with the crop condition and expecting a good harvest of
1.5 to 1.8 ton/ha.
The fields of Lathyrus were also visited in kooruth village of Chandi Block. Here
Nawal Gop & Tezbali Kumar has sown Ratan variety of Lathyrus with low ODAP content.
Other Lathyrus variety viz. Prateek was also grown by five farmers. Crop condition are
excellent and farmers are expecting a good yield 1.6 to 2.0 ton/ha.
After the field visit was conducted with the farmers at two location i.e. Tharthari dih &
Dayalpur. Some ladies farmers also interacted with with monitoring team specially about
nutritional aspect of Lentil and advantage that may be obtained from the cultivation of
Lathyrus varieties i.e. Ratan & Prateek with low ODAP content. At both the group meeting all
together 40- 50 farmers were present and participated.
126
Considering the present price of lentil, the receipt from such pulses will be Rs.
45,000-54,000/ha for grain alone and Rs.4, 500 to 5, 400 for bhusha. The cost of cultivation
for lentil crop was assessed to o be only 15,000 to 17,000/ha. Similarly the Ratan and Pratik
grass pea has proved to be promising. Thanks to ICARDA’s efforts in this direction, which
may easily lead these districts to climb up on the pressing needs of second green revolution
in time.
Follow up-action: Seeing the good progress, ICARDA has decided to shift such
interventions to new sites from next year.
Monitoring Tour Report of Vipin Kumar, STA, Directorate of Rice Development, Patna
of the State of Bihar during 7th to 9th March, 2013
I visited Patna on 7th March, 2013 and
Nalanda on 8th March, 2013 with Dr. Ashutosh
Sarkar, Regional Coordinator and Food Legume
Breeder, ICARDA, South Asia and China Program
and Dr. S. K. Singh Senior Scientist ICAR
Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna. I
also visited Muzaffarpur district with Dr. Ashutosh
Sarkar and Dr. I.S. Solanki, Head of Regional
Centre of IARI, Pusa, Samastipur on 9th March
2013, a monitoring team of field evaluation of
DAC- ICARDA- ICAR collaborative projects under
NFSM Pulses.
General observation at Patna, Nalanda and Muzaffarpur districts:
Crop: Lentil.
i. Inputs of various components i.e. seeds, Bavistin & Rhizobium culture were supplied to the
farmers in Patna, Nalanda districts. In Muzaffarpur district various components i.e. Seeds,
Pendamethalin, Bavistin & Rhizobium culture were supplied to the farmers under
Enhancing Lentil Production for Food,
Nutritional Security and Improved Rural
Livelihoods scheme.
ii. Seeds of IPL-406, PL-06 &PL-08 lentil
varieties were given to the farmers in
Patna district. In Nalanda district seeds
of IPL- 406, NDL-1, PL-06 lentil
varieties were given to the farmers.
However, in Muzaffarpur district seeds
of HUL- 57, PL-06, KLS-218 lentil
varieties were also given to the
farmers or seed production during Rabi
2012-13.
Monitoring team at Muzaffarpur
Monitoring Team at Nalanda 2012-13
127
iii. Better performance of new varieties of lentil in the field of seed production in
comparis to old varieties was observed.
iv. Farmers sowed lentil seed by broadcast method. They have not preferre line sowing.
v. Some farmers have delayed sowing i.e after 15th November, the optimum sowing
period is from 15th Oct. to 15th Nov. Delay in sowing causes reduction in yield but the
magnitude of reduction was large after 15th Nov. day to day.
vi. Crop condition was very good in the seed production plot. Crop was at poding stage
but some plants were in flowering to pod filling stage.
vii. Farmers told that if new varieties of lentil show better performance, then they will
replace the old varieties with the new varieties in the next season.
viii. Crop rotation have been used by the farmers i.e. Rice- Lentil ,Fallow- Lentil,
ix. Other Crop should not mix for Seed production programme.
Details of field visited of lentil crop given as under:
(i) District: Patna, Name of Block: Dulhin Bazar Crop: Lentil Sl No.
Name of farmers
Father’s name Village & Panchayat
Name of variety
Date of sowing
Crop Condition
1 Virendra Kumar
Late Janardhan Sharma
V. & P.- Sihi IPL-406 11.11.12 Very good and pod filling stage
2 Ashok Kr. Sharma
Shri Rajballam Singh
-do--
IPL-406 21.11.12 Very good and pod filling stage
3 Akhila Nand Sharma
Late Balbhadra Prasad Sharma
-do- PL-08 11.11.12 -do-
4 Rabindra Nath Prasad
Bharat Prasad Jwarpur – Koraiya &Sihi
PL-06 13.11.12 good and pod filling stage
5 Shidhnath Sharma
Late Yadvant Prasad Singh
V. & P.- Sihi PL-06 14.11.12 good and pod filling stage
(ii) District: Nalanda, Name of Block: Tharthari Crop: Lentil Sl No.
Name of farmers
Father’s name
Village & Panchayat
Name of variety
Date of sowing
Crop Condition
1 Bipin Kumar Harihar Prasad
Tharthari Dih
NDL-1 9.11.12 good and pod filling stage
2 Rajkishor Prasad Jwala Prasad
-do- IPL-406 12.11.12 -Do-
3 Sadan Prasad Harihar Prasad
-do- NDL-1 20.11.12 wilt disease
4 Vinay Kumar Rajkishor Prasad
-do- IPL-406 15.11.12
-Do-
(b) Name of Block: Chandi Crop: Lentil Sl
No. Name of farmers
Father’s name Village & Panchayat
Name of variety
Date of sowing
Crop Condition
1 Tezbali Kumar Late Laldev Yadav
Kooruth & Chandi
PL-06 15.11.12 good and pod filling stage
2 Nawal Gop Panch Badan Yadav
-do- PL-06 19.11.12 -Do-
3 Rambiranjan Lt. Ram Dayalpur & NDL-1 20.11.12 -Do-
128
Singh Lakhan Singh Hasani
iii. District : Muzaffarpur
(a) Name of Block : Mouroul Crop: Lentil
(b) Name of Block: Bochahan Crop: Lentil
Dated: 8.4.2013 (Vipin Kumar)
S.T.A.
Monitoring Report of Dr. Arunav Pattanayak, Principal Scientist, ICAR Res.
Complex, Shillong: Monitoring in Assam and Meghalaya
Report of monitoring trip on 13-16 March, 2013, Submitted by A. Pattanayak
On the first day (13.3.2013) visited the plots at Moukhuli, Halapara (Cheohamukh) under
block Khagarijan.
At the first site there were two plots of Md. Khalil where he had grown lentil varieties Moitree
as pure crop. He followed seed priming. Crop was grown without any irrigation. The crop
growth was very good, number of pods per plant was high and pod filling appeared more
than 95%. There were very isolated instances of wilt. Two plots together were about 0.5 ha.
The farmer was expecting nearly 12-13 q/ha yield. At the second site, there were five plots of
different farmers among whom we met Shri Jadav Sharma. Total area was about 1.1 ha in
which HUL-157 (pure and relay), IPL-81 and KLS-218 (relay) were grown. Seed priming and
Rhizobium application was done for both the crops. For the pure crop, fertilizer was also
applied (urea 3 kg/bigha; SSP-30 kg/bigha; MOP-3 kg/bigha). Seed rate was approx. 40
kg/ha for pure crop and 60kg/ha for relay crop one irrigation at pod filling stage was given.
Sl No.
Name of farmers
Father’s name Village & Panchayat
Name of variety
Date of sowing
Crop Condition
1. Shambhu Narayan
Lt. Raghubansh Narayan Singh
Pilkhi & Gajpath
KLS- 218 20.11.12 Good and flowering to pod filling stage
Sl No.
Name of farmers
Father’s name Village & Panchayat
Name of variety
Date of sowing
Crop Condition
1. Md. Khaleel Ansari
Lt. Md. Nabbu Gurmi & Authar Jagdishpur
HUL-57 15.11.12 Inter cropping with linseed
2. Ram Bhajan Singh
Lt. Rajkumar Singh
-do- PL-06 15.11.12 Infestation of weeds
3. Dinesh Kumar Ram Bhajan Singh
-do- HUL-57 15.11.12 Mixed with linseed
4. Jiya lal Roy -do- KLS-218 15.11.12 Good condition and pod filling stage
129
In Sri Sharma’s plot, the crop was excellent, uniform and the farmer expected
approx. 10q/ha. However, in the pure crop, expected yield is about 12 q/ha.
During discussion with the
farmer’s group several of them
expressed their desire to take up
lentil in rice fallow. Many of them
were earlier growing local lentil and
then left it because of poor return.
Observing the performance of these
new varieties and the simple
agronomic practice, they were again
willing to take up lentil cultivation. It
appeared that there is no problem of
accepting lentil in the rice fallow.
More technological backstopping in
terms of new varieties, packages, demonstrations and training is required.
On the second day, the visit was to Sologuri in the Batadrava block.
First plot was of Mr. Tulsi Das where he had grown IPL-81 in about 0.13 ha. Seed
treatment and soil application of fertilizer (NPK) was practiced. The farmer also applied
Rhizobium. The crop was good, no wilt problem was seen. However, there was some
problem of weed. The farmer was very happy about the performance of the variety and
expected about 12-13 q/ha yield.
We also visited the plot of Mr. K. Hazarika, who grew IPL-81 as a pure crop. The
crop was ready for harvest. Pod filling was very good and maturity was uniform. Plant
population was also optimum. The farmer used seed treatment, Rhizobium, fungicide and
soil application of fertilizer. Expected yield from the plot was 12 q/ha. Interestingly the farmer
was a traditional lentil and linseed grower. He was growing the improved variety for the first
time. In the next plot belonging to Mr. P.K. Das, the var. was HUL-57, which was nearing
maturity. Pod formation and pod filling was very good. No wilt was observed. The crop is
expected to yield more than 11 q/ha. In the nearly plot he grew his local lentil. The crop was
very poor and expected yield was less than 2 q/ha. This combination of plots was a good
demonstration of the potential of new varieties and farmers at the village were really
convinced about HUL-57 and IPL-81.
We also visited the plot of Mr. H. Rahaman where he was harvesting IPL-81. The plot
was somewhat upland type, and the crop faced some moisture stress at flowering stage.
Even then it appeared that the farmer would harvest in excess of 9 q/ha. Then we visited the
house of Mr. N. Das where he stacked harvested crop of HUL-57. Mr. Das was growing
HUL-57 for the second year. Pod number and pod filling was very good. He was expecting
about 12 q/ha yield. In the current year, his crop faced some moisture stress. As he
narrated, in the previous year, his crop was still better as rainfall in winter was adequate. His
harvest was 15 q/ha.
Monitoring team at Nagaon 2012-13
130
At Gandhibori (Palasguri), we visited two plots. In both the plots, ‘Moitree’ variety was
grown. Each plot was about 0.25 ha. Both the farmers used seed priming, bavistin treatment
and used Rhizobium. Soil application of fertilizer was practiced. The crop was ready for
harvest. Crop growth, pod number and pod filling were good. In both the fields, at last 12
q/ha yield was expected.
At Palashguri, we also took part in a field day where 68 farmers attended the
programme. The farmers were convinced that lentil has a good potential in the rice fallow,
and the crop does not compete with any of their main crops like rice and jute. In the question
answer session, farmers cleared several of their doubts about lentil cultivation. Questions
varied from varieties to weed management to disease management to dal mill, etc.
From the field visits and the group meetings, the following things were very clear.
1) Farmer is convinced that lentil is a potential crop for their rice fallow.
2) They want some improved varieties of suitable duration so that their traditional main crops
are not disturbed.
3) They also require some more demonstration and training on the cultivation package.
4) A small dal mill in the area would improve farm gate price as the produce (so far) is sold
without processing.
5) Lentil has a great potential in other parts of Assam, especially in North Lakhimpur,
Dhemaji and parts of Sonitpur districts where the main crop of rice is severely affected by
flood and the filed remains fallow after the flood water recedes towards the end of
September.
We also visited some plots in Meghalaya at heights ranging from 950 m (Umroi, Ri-
Bhoi district) to 300 m (Dangar, West Khasi Hills dist.) where varieties NDL 1, PL 8, PL-6,
HUL-57 and Moitree were planted. Except PL6, all other varieties were found performing
well. In the seed production plots at ICAR Complex, the yield was 12.9 q/ha. The most
important point to note here that the crop sown in the first week of November matured before
the first rain in March.
Yields reported from Farmer’s field - (Dangar- 9.8 q/ha (Moitree)), (Mawlasnai -10.2 q/ha
(Moitree)), Saiden-10.8 q/ha (NDL-1)).
The results of last two years trials conducted by ICAR Research Complex and KVK, East
Khasi Hills indicate that even for hills of Meghalaya lentil is a potential crop for the rice
fallow.
131
Monitoring Tour Report of Dr. D. V. Singh, National Consultant (Plant
Protection) for Assam in March, 2013
The tour was under taken to Nagaon district of Assam as a member of the team to monitor
the DAC-ICAR-ICARDA Collaborative project on “Enhancing lentil production for food,
nutritional security and improved rural livelihood”. The project is being conducted under the
supervision of Dr. Idrish Ali Sheikh, Principal Scientist (Pulses), RARS, Nagaon (Assam
Agricultural University, Jorhat). The team members were as follows:-
1. Dr. D. V. Singh, National Consultant (Plant protection), DAC, NFSM, Beej Bhavan, New
Delhi
2. Dr. A. Pattanayak, Principal Scientist (Pulse Breeding) ICAR Complex for NEH region,
Barapani, Assam
3. Dr. Rajendra Choudhary, Consultant, South Asia and China Regional Office, ICARDA,
New Delhi
The team visited three villages, where the project is being implemented along with
Dr. I. A. Sheikh and officials of State Department of Agriculture from Guwahati and Nagaon
on 13th and 14th March, 2013. The lentil is being grown in this area after the harvest of rice
crop and total area in the Nagaon district is about 2000 ha.
The details about the farmers contacted in 3 villages along with inputs provided to
them are given in Table 1, A, B and C.
Table 1 A – Village: Mahkhuli (Chechamukh), Block: Khagarijan (13-03-2013) Farmer
Syst.
Var. Area sown (ha)
Date of sowing
Seed rate (kg/ha)
Urea (kg/ha)
SSP (kg/ha)
MOP (kg/ha)
Rhizobium
*Bavistine
**Irrigation
Expected yield (q/ha)
Md. Khalil
Pure Moitree
0.13 18.11.12
30 22.5 220 22.5 20g/kg seed
2g/kg seed
Nil 14
Taru Mia
Pure HUL-57
0.13 18.11.12
30 22.5 220 22.5 -do- -do- Nil 12
Ghana Sharma
Relay
HUL-57
0.27 11.11.12
45 - - - -do- -do- One 8
Jadav Sharma
Relay
IPL-81
0.40 11.11.12
45 - - - -do- -do- One 10
Yusuf Ali
Relay
KLS-218
0.27 11.11.12
45 - - - -do- -do- One 9
* Carbendazim (Bavistine) as seed treatment; **one irrigation at pod filling stage Seed priming for 6-7 hours was done in both the systems
Table 1 B- Village: Sologuri, Block: Batadrava (14-03-2013) Farmer
Syst. Var. Area sown (ha)
Date of sowing
Seed rate (kg/ha)
Urea (kg/ha) **
SSP (kg/ha)
MOP (kg/ha)
Rhizobium
*Bavistine
**Irrigation
Expected yield (q/ha)
Talsi Das
Pure IPL-81
0.13 15.11.12
30 32 220 22.5 20g/kg seed
2g/kg seed
Nil 13
132
Purna Kt. Das
Pure HUL-57
0.13 30.11.12
30 32 220 22.5 -do- -do- Nil 12
Akkas Ali
Pure HUL-57
0.27 29.11.12
30 32 220 22.5 -do- -do- Nil 14
Nomal Das
Pure HUL-57
0.20 13.11.12
30 32 220 22.5 -do- -do- Nil 12
Khiteswar Hazarika
Pure IPL-81
0.27 08.11.12
30 32 220 22.5 -do- -do- Nil 12
* Carbendazim (Bavistine) as seed treatment; **Rhizobium was not applied Seed priming for 6-7 hours was done in both the systems
Table 1- C. Village: Gandhibori (Palashguri); Block: Raha (14-03-2013)
Farmer
Syst. Var. Area sown (ha)
Date of sowing
Seed rate (kg/ha)
Urea (kg/ha) **
SSP (kg/ha)
MOP (kg/ha)
Rhizobium
*Bavistine
**Irrigation
Expected yield (q/ha)
Kumud nath
Pure Moitree
0.20 17.11.12
30 22.5 220 22.5 20g/kg seed
2g/kg seed
Nil 12
Jyoti Pd. Nath
Pure Moitree
0.27 22.11.12
30 22.5 220 22.5 -do- -do- Nil 12
*Carbendazim (Bavistine) as seed treatment Seed priming for 6-7 hours was done in both the systems
Officials interacted with the team and farmers:
1. Dr. P. K. Das, Principal Scientist (Breeding) RARS, AAU, Shillongoni, Nagaon
2. Dr. Idrish Ali Sheikh, Principal Scientist (Pulse Breeder) RARS, AAU, Shillongoni,
Nagaon
3. Mr. Rahul Kumar Das, Joint Director Agri (Central Zone), Nagaon
4. Dr. Robin N. Chutia, Dy. Director Agric (T & P), Deptt.of Agric. Khanapara (Guwahati)
5. Sri Upen Borah, Dy. Director Agric. (Pulse & Oil Seeds), Deptii of Agric. Khanapara
(Guwahati)
6. Sri Lalit Chaudra Das, Sub-Divisional Agric. Officer (Sugarcane), Shillongani, Nagaon
7. Mr. Tarun Hazarika, Sr. ADO and Nodal Officer (NFSM-Nagaon, District), Nagaon,
Assam
8. District Agriculture Officer, Nagaon
Observations:-
1. In Nagaon district, lentil is being grown in Rice-fellow land as pure (normal) or relay
crop with rice. In relay cropping, the sowing was done 4-10 days before harvesting of
rice to take the advantage of soil moisture for germination.
2. The sowing of lentil crop was mainly sown from middle of November to first week of
December due to late harvesting of rice and pre preparation of field. Due to late
sowing, the maturity of the lentil crop coincide with rains in March which is
responsible for damage to the crop,
3. Weeds are the major problem in the fields as the farmers do not aware about the
losses caused by weeds and how to manage them.
133
4. There was a long dry spell without rains from November to February. Therefore, most
of fields were under water stress which resulted poor stand of the crop.
5. The seed supply by the State Department of Agriculture in the name of K75 was not
in flowering stage even in middle of
March.
6. The crop condition of lentil was good in
those fields where inputs were provided
by the ICARDA program. In general, the
farmers were happy to grow lentil as a
bonus crop with additional income from
rice-fellow land.
7. After harvest, marketing is the major
problem as farmers are not getting
proper price for their produce.
Suggestions and Actions Points:-
1. The early sowing of lentil should be advocated by October and or early November to
utilize the residual moisture and the crop will mature by the middle of March to
escape the rains.
2. The short duration varieties such as IPL-81 and Moitree, should be promoted which
can mature within 100-120 days to avoid damage from rains and gave higher yields.
3. Sometimes, there was a problem of proper germination in the rice-fellow field dur to
less moisture. It was suggested that there should be minimum tillage to conserve the
moisture for germination of lentil crop.
4. It was suggested that application of one spray of 2% urea or NPK spray formulation
before 10 days of flowering and second spray after flowering will support good
growth of the crop and gave higher yields.
5. When lentil crop suffers from long dry spell due to no rains, the farmers should give
at least one irrigation preferably by sprinkler to get good yields.
6. The awareness should be created amongst the farmers about the weeds and their
management in lentil crop by mechanical weeding or applying weedicides according
to type of weeds.
7. The Fusarium wilt of lentil was very common in the fields from Traces to 5%. The
farmers should be advised to treat the seeds with Carbendazim @ 2gm/kg of seed.
The infection of wilt was high in some fields where lentil is grown continuously for
more then 2-3 years. The farmers should not grow lentil in those fields and can be
rotated with non-host crop like linseed, which is commonly grown in this area.
8. Marketing of lentil after harvest is a major problem. Farmers are not getting
remunerative price of their produce. The state should take initiative in establishing
some small Pulse (Dal) Mills in this area.
Conclusion -
1. The farmers of visited villages were happy with the program as they are getting
additional bonus crop in their rice fellow fields. In normal conditions, they are
Monitoring Team at Nagaon 2012-13
134
expecting to get 10-15 q/ha yield of lentil, which is additional income. Mostly the
farmers wanted to grow pulses particularly lentil in future also. The State Department
of Agriculture Officials from district and blocks were also shown interest in the
program and were keen to have more districts of the State under this project.
2. A large area under rice-fellow is available for pulses production, if proper guidance
and inputs are given to the farmers they will adopt lentil as pulse crop to increase are
and production in this region.
3. Lathyrus can also be promoted in this because some famers are growing this crop.
The varieties grown at present are local with high content of toxin. If the farmers are
given proper guidance to grow new high yielding varieties with low content of toxin,
the crop can cover more area and increase the pulse production.
135
Annexure- xii
Center wise economic gain (2010-13)
Nagaon, AAU, Assam
Year Addl. Yield from demonstration (q)
Addl. yield from improved area expansion (q)
Total addl. Yield (q)
Value in Rs. Lakh
Quality seed Production (q)
Value in Rs. Lakh
Production of Addl. straw
Value of straw
Total economic gain to Society in Rs. lakh
2010-11 41.5 - 41.5 1.25 - - 66.0 0.20 1.45
2011-12 135.0 33.6 168.6 6.43 - - 272 1.08 7.51
2012-13 142.88 53.4 196.28 8.83 403.3 20.16 959 4.79 33.78
Total 319.38 87.0 406.38 16.51 403.3 20.16 1297 6.07 42.74
Muzaffarpur, Rau, Bihar
Year Addl. Yield from demonstration (q)
Addl. yield from improved area expansion (q)
Total addl. Yield (q)
Value in Rs. Lakh
Quality seed Production (q)
Value in Rs. Lakh
Production of Addl. straw
Value of straw
Total economic gain to Society in Rs. lakh
2010-11 117.6 - 117.6 3.5 57.8 1.99 280 0.85 6.34
2011-12 235.5 136.8 372.3 14.15 474.5 20.5 1356 5.42 40.07
2012-13 147.3 421.4 568.7 25.59 608.9 37.66 1884 9.42 72.67
Total 500.4 558.2 1058.6 43.24 1141.2 60.15 3520 15.69 119.08
SPARK, Patna, Bihar
Year Addl. Yield from demonstration (q)
Addl. yield from improved area expansion (q)
Total addl. Yield (q)
Value in Rs. Lakh
Quality seed Production (q)
Value in Rs. Lakh
Production of Addl. straw
Value of straw
Total economic gain to Society in Rs. lakh
2010-11 140.2 - 140.2 4.2 165.4 8.27 489 1.46 13.93
2011-12 237.9 272.3 510.2 19.39 646.3 28.7 1850 7.4 55.49
2012-13 353.9 437.9 791.8 35.64 1639.9 86.64 3891 19.45 141.73
Total 732.0 710.2 1442.2 59.23 2451.6 123.61 6230 28.31 211.15
136
Nalanda, Bihar, ICARDA- SACRP, New Delhi
Year Addl. Yield from demonstration (q)
Addl. yield from improved area expansion (q)
Total addl. Yield (q)
Value in Rs. Lakh
Quality seed Production (q)
Value in Rs. Lakh
Production of Addl. straw
Value of straw
Total economic gain to Society in Rs. lakh
2010-11 125.6 - 125.6 3.77 146.0 5.30 435 1.3 10.37
2011-12 190.0 174.7 364.7 13.86 441.5 20.4 1290 5.16 39.42
2012-13 363.7 347.6 711.3 32.0 1836.9 98.24 4077 20.38 150.62
Total 679.3 522.3 1201.6 49.63 2424.4 123.94 5802 26.84 200.41
Chandauli, UP, ICARDA-SACRP, New Delhi
Year Addl. Yield from demonstration (q)
Addl. yield from improved area expansion (q)
Total addl. Yield (q)
Value in Rs. Lakh
Quality seed Production (q)
Value in Rs. Lakh
Production of Addl. straw
Value of straw
Total economic gain to Society in Rs. lakh
2010-11 98.5 - 98.5 2.96 221.0 6.63 512 1.53 11.12
2011-12 228.4 134.4 362.8 13.79 249.8 11.6 980 3.92 29.31
2012-13 - - - - 58.42 3.55 93 0.46 4.01
Total 326.9 134.4 461.3 16.75 529.2 21.78 1585 5.91 44.44
Ballia, IIPR, Kanpur, UP
Year Addl. Yield from demonstration (q)
Addl. yield from improved area expansion (q)
Total addl. Yield (q)
Value in Rs. Lakh
Quality seed Production (q)
Value in Rs. Lakh
Production of Addl. straw
Value of straw
Total economic gain to Society in Rs. lakh
2010-11 29.9 - 29.9 0.90 136.0 4.08 266 0.79 5.77
2011-12 342.6 600.6 943.2 35.85 393.0 15.72 2138 8.58 60.15
2012-13 410.2 860.2 1270.4 57.17 2030.6 105.44 5282 26.4 189.01
Total 782.7 1460.8 2243.5 93.92 2559.6 125.24 7686 35.77 254.93
137
Fatehpur, IIPR, Kanpur, UP
Year Addl. Yield from demonstration (q)
Addl. yield from improved area expansion (q)
Total addl. Yield (q)
Value in Rs. Lakh
Quality seed Production (q)
Value in Rs. Lakh
Production of Addl. straw
Value of straw
Total economic gain to Society in Rs. lakh
2010-11 295.7 - 295.7 8.87 148.0 4.44 710 2.13 15.44
2011-12 281.6 38.44 320.0 12.16 186.0 8.94 810 3.24 24.34
2012-13 110.0 - 110.0 4.95 376.0 22.63 777 3.88 31.46
Total 687.3 38.44 725.7 25.98 710.0 36.01 2297 9.25 71.24
Malda, MESADM, West Bengal
Year Addl. Yield from demonstration (q)
Addl. yield from improved area expansion (q)
Total addl. Yield (q)
Value in Rs. Lakh
Quality seed Production (q)
Value in Rs. Lakh
Production of Addl. straw
Value of straw
Total economic gain to Society in Rs. lakh
2010-11 101.6 - 101.6 3.05 20.4 0.79 195 0.59 4.43
2011-12 172.1 38.0 210.1 7.98 350.0 17.56 896 3.58 29.12
2012-13 284.6 81.34 365.9 16.46 716.2 43.28 1731 8.66 68.4
Total 558.3 119.34 677.6 27.49 1086.6 61.63 2822 12.83 101.95
Murshidabad, PORS, West Bengal
Year Addl. Yield from demonstration (q)
Addl. yield from improved area expansion (q)
Total addl. Yield (q)
Value in Rs. Lakh
Quality seed Production (q)
Value in Rs. Lakh
Production of Addl. straw
Value of straw
Total economic gain to Society in Rs. lakh
2010-11 62.8 - 62.8 1.88 257.2 11.0 511 1.54 14.42
2011-12 133.5 282.48 416.0 15.8 519.0 29.71 1496 5.98 51.49
2012-13 283.3 151.9 435.2 19.59 785.3 47.25 1953 9.76 76.6
Total 479.6 434.38 914.0 37.27 1564.5 87.96 3960 17.28 142.51
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138