Post on 02-Jun-2018
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CONTROL & AUTOMATION ASPECTS
FOR
RELIABILITY OF SUPER-CRITICAL UNITS
SUPER CRITICAL POWER PLANTS
Sandeep M. Patel
BHEL-Electronics Divisionpatelsm@bheledn.co.in
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Market requirements
SUPER CRITICAL POWER PLANTS
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SUPER CRITICAL POWER PLANTS
Increased Plant Efficiency & Lower Heat rate
EXPECTATIONS FROM GENERATION UNITS
High Reliability and Availability of Plant
Ability to use different quality of Fuel
Ability to operate under adverse grid conditions
Minimum Pollution
Lowest cost
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SUPER CRITICAL POWER PLANTS
Increase in Main Steam Pressure
Parameters to Increase Cycle Efficiency
Increase in Superheat and Reheat Temperatures
Increase in Condenser Vacuum
Increase in Feed water Temperature
.. and many more
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SUPER CRITICAL POWER PLANTS
Measures to Improve Plant Efficiency
Overall Efficiency can be increased by
Improving internal efficiency
Adoption of advance steam parameters
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SUPER CRITICAL POWER PLANTS
Measures to Improve Plant Efficiency
As the fluid pressure increases,
Latent Heat ( Enthalpy of Steam
Enthalpy of Water) reduces.
At Critical point it becomes zero.
In physical terms, at this pressure
water transforms to steamspontaneously.
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SUPER CRITICAL POWER PLANTS
Measures to Improve Plant Efficiency
PARAMETERS ABOVE CRITICAL STATE
STEAM PRESSURE > 221.2 BAR
STEAM TEMPERATURE > 374.15 Deg C
ULTRA SUPERCRITICAL PRESSURE( 300 BAR)
INCREASE IN PRESSURE AND MAIN & REHEAT TEMP. > 537 Deg C
RESULTS IN SIGNIFICANT IMPROVEMENT IN EFFICIENCY
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
500 MW 660 MW
Sub critical
170ata / 537 C / 537 CSuper Critical
247ata / 565 C / 593 C
Improvement 4.3 %
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SUPER CRITICAL POWER PLANTS
Measures to Improve Plant Efficiency
Steam Power plant efficiency increases with
increase in steam pressure and temperature.
Power plant Cycles operating above critical
pressure (221.2 bar) are classified as Supercriticalcycles.
With higher cycle efficiency, the supercritical cycle
offers the advantage of burn less fuel for the
same output and lower emission.
Lesser Pollutants
SOX , NOX & CO2
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SUPER CRITICAL POWER PLANTS
Expectations from C&I
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SUPER CRITICAL POWER PLANTS
Power Plant Objectives
Optimum Performance
Reliable and Secure Operation
Simplicity in Operation
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SUPER CRITICAL POWER PLANTS
Power Plant Control Requirement
Efficient and Effective Control Strategy
Reliable , Precise and Flexible Execution
Well Designed Operating Aids
Ability to cover all areas of a power plant
Increased Level of Automation
Integrated Automation and Information
Management
Central Control Room for Total Power Plant
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SUPER CRITICAL POWER PLANTS
Added Features
Expert System Based Tools
Performance Analysis, Diagnosis and Optimization
System ( PADO)
Boiler Flame Analysis System for Combustion
Optimisation
Root Cause Analysis System
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SUPER CRITICAL POWER PLANTS
Responsibility of C&I
To provide a system, which is
Highly Available
Reliable
Safe
Efficient
Easy to Operate
----------------->>>>
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SUPER CRITICAL POWER PLANTS
Responsibility of C&I
To provide a system, which is
Expandable
Informative
Guide To Operator and Maintenance
Personnel
Assistant to Operator/ MaintenanceGroup
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SUPER CRITICAL POWER PLANTS
Responsibility of C&I
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SUPER CRITICAL POWER PLANTS
How it is Achieved
Highly reliable and rugged control system
Well designed Control Strategies
Fast, Accurate and Efficient Processing,Calculations and Decision making
Built-in Redundancies at every level
Easily maintainable for Minimum Down time
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SUPER CRITICAL POWER PLANTS
How it is Achieved
Better Information Management & Presentation
System
Operator Guidance
Better Diagnostic and Maintenance Tools
for Machine as well as for Control Electronics
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SUPER CRITICAL POWER PLANTS
Power Plants are either
Sub-Critical OR Super-Critical
But for C&I
Every Plan t is CRITICAL
There is no Crit ical Plan t
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SUPER CRITICAL POWER PLANTS
THANKS