Post on 31-Dec-2015
transcript
Copyright © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc.ICND
Internet Protocol
2
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
TCP/IP and OSI
ApplicationApplication
PresentationPresentation
SessionSession
TransportTransport
NetworkNetwork
Data LinkData Link
PhysicalPhysical
ProcessApplication Layer
ProcessApplication Layer
Transport LayerTransport Layer
Internet LayerInternet Layer
Network LayerNetwork Layer
TCP/IPOSI Reference
3
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
TCP/IP Protocol
ProcessApplication Layer
ProcessApplication Layer
Transport LayerTransport Layer
Internet LayerInternet Layer
Network LayerNetwork Layer
Telnet
TFTP
FTP
SMTP NFS
DNS Ping
DHCP
TCPTCP UDPUDP
ICMP ARP RARP
IP
EthernetEthernet FastEthernet
FastEthernet
TokenRing
TokenRing FDDIFDDI
TCP/IP Reference
4
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Virtual Terminal Connections (Telnet)
Telnet 프로그램은 원거리에 있는 컴퓨터 시스템을 마치 자신의 시스템처럼 사용할 수 있는 하나의 응용 프로그램이다 .
Telnet Port 23결과
로그인 요청및 원격 호스트에 대한 명령
5
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)FTP 는 한 시스템 상에 있는 파일을 다른 시스템으로 전송하는데 사용되는 프로토콜이며 ,두 컴퓨터 간의 데이터 교환을 위한 전송 수단으로는 TCP 프로토콜을 사용함 .
FTP ClientFTP Server
Application LayerFTP
Transport LayerTCP UDP
Application LayerIP
Network Interface
Application LayerFTP
Transport LayerTCP UDP
Application LayerIP
Network Interface
FTP Protocol 의 흐름
TCP Port : 21
6
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Domain Name Service (DNS)DNS 는 Domain Name Service 의 약자로써 인터넷에서 IP 어드레스를 호스트 이름으로 서로 매핑하기 위해서 개발한 것이다 .
www.yahoo.co.krIP Address 를 알려주세요 .
www.yahoo.co.kr211.32.119.151 DNS 클라이언트 DNS Server
7
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Packet InterNet Groper (Ping)Ping 은 네트워크에서 두 호스트 사이간에 정상적으로 통신을 할 수가 있는지 확인하는 프로그램이다 .
Internet
SystemA SystemB
C:\>ping 162.20.30.10Pinging 162.20.30.10 with 32 bytes of data:Reply from 162.20.30.10: bytes=32 time=50ms TTL=247Reply from 162.20.30.10: bytes=32 time=50ms TTL=247Reply from 162.20.30.10: bytes=32 time=20ms TTL=247Reply from 162.20.30.10: bytes=32 time=70ms TTL=247Ping statistics for 162.20.30.10: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 20ms, Maximum = 70ms, Average = 82ms
C:\>ping 162.20.30.10Pinging 162.20.30.10 with 32 bytes of data:Reply from 162.20.30.10: bytes=32 time=50ms TTL=247Reply from 162.20.30.10: bytes=32 time=50ms TTL=247Reply from 162.20.30.10: bytes=32 time=20ms TTL=247Reply from 162.20.30.10: bytes=32 time=70ms TTL=247Ping statistics for 162.20.30.10: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 20ms, Maximum = 70ms, Average = 82ms
IP: 162.20.30.10IP: 162.20.10.10
8
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)TFTP 는 단순한 파일을 전송하는 프로토콜이며 , 최소한의 기능만 가지고 있어 파일을 전송하는 프로토콜로 UDP 포트번호 69 번을 사용하고 있다 .
9
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
SMTP 는 단순한 메일을 전송하는데 사용되며 , POP3 는 메일을 수신하는데 사용된다 .
Internet
SMTP Server SMTP Server
SMTP Protocol (Port 25)
10
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Network File System (NFS)NFS 는 다른 컴퓨터에 있는 파일시스템의 일부를 마치 자신의 컴퓨터에 있는 것처럼 사용할 수 있도록 해주는 것이 NFS 이다 .
11
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
Server
Switch HUB RouterA
DHCP 클라이언트 DHCP 클라이언트 DHCP 클라이언트
12
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
IP 임대 요청IP 임대 제공IP 임대 선택IP 임대 확인 응답
13
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Transport Layer
• TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
• UDP (User Datagram Protocol)
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ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
세션 설정 ( 벨 울림 )
확인 (“ 여보세요” )
확인 (“ 네 . 여보세요” )
데이터 전달 (“ 제가 전화한 이유는 ~”)
확인 (“ 네” )
세션 종결 (“ 안녕히 계세요” )
확인 (“ 네 . 안녕히 계세요” )
송신측 수신측
TCP 는 연결 지향형 (Connection Oriented) 처리를 통해 오류를 정정한다 .
15
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Internet Layer
• IP (Internet Protocol)
• ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol)
• ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)
• RARP (Reverse Address Resolution Protocol)
16
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Internet Protocol (IP)IP 는 한 번에 한 네트워크에 대해 , 한 호스트에서 다른 호스트로 데이터를 이동시키는 역할만을 수행함 .
IP: 192.168.10.10
IP: 192.168.10.20 IP: 192.168.20.10
SystemA
SystemB SystemC
RouterA
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ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
IP: 192.168.10.10 IP: 192.168.20.10
SystemA SystemB192.168.30.30 으로 전송되는 패킷
오류 : Network Unreachable
192.168.10.0 192.168.20.0
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ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
ARP 는 특정 IP 주소를 사용하는 시스템이 하드웨어 주소로 응답하도록 요청하는 하위 계층의 브로드캐스트를 네트워크에 전송하여 이 임무를 수행함 .
IP: 192.168.10.40
IP: 192.168.10.10 IP: 192.168.10.5 IP: 192.168.10.30
.10 의 하드웨어 주소는 ?
.10 은 00:00:c0:c8:b3:27
SystemA SystemB SystemC
SystemD
19
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Reverse Address Resolution Protocol
Ethernet:4523.7985.7734 IP = ???
Ethernet:4523.7985.7734 IP: 192.168.10.3
내 IP 어드레스는 뭐죠
?
당신의 IP 어드레스는 192.
168.10.3
MAC 어드레스에 할당된 IP 어드레스 정보를 요청하는 패킷을 보냄으로써 디스켓이 없는 장비의 IP 어드레스를 알수 있음 .
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ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Data 통신 절차
21
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
일대일 데이터 통신
Copyright © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc.ICND
IP Address Configuration
23
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
• IP 주소를 통한 network component 와 host component 구분
• IP 주소의 서브넷 마스크 계산법 파악
• IP 주소에서 호스트 주소의 파악
• IP 주소를 이용한 네트웍상의 라우터 주소 설정
목적
IP Address Overview
Copyright © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc.ICND
25
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
32 Bits
Network Host
IP Addressing
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ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
IP Addressing
32 Bits
Network Host
8 Bits 8 Bits 8 Bits 8 Bits
27
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
IP Addressing
32 Bits
Network Host
8 Bits
172 . 16 . 122 . 204
8 Bits 8 Bits 8 Bits
28
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Class A:
Class B:
Class C:
Class D: for multicast
Class E: for research
N = Network number H = Host number
IP Address Classes
N H H H
N N H H
N N N H
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ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
IP Address Bit Patterns
1 7 24
Class A:
# Bits
0 network # host #
30
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
IP Address Bit Patterns
1 7 24
Class A:
# Bits
1 14 161
Class B:
# Bits
0 network # host #
1 network # host #0
31
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
IP Address Bit Patterns
1 7 24
Class A:
# Bits
1 14 161
Class B:
# Bits
1 21 811
Class C:
# Bits
0 network # host #
1 network # host #0
1 network # host #1 0
32
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Recognizing Classes in IP Addresses (First Octet Rule)
High OrderBits
Octet inDecimal
AddressClass
0
10
110
1 – 126
128 – 191
192 – 223
A
B
C
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ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: IP Address Classes
Address Class Network Host
10.2.1.1
128.63.2.100
201.222.5.64
192.6.141.2
130.113.64.16
256.241.201.10
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ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Address Class Network Host
Written Exercise: IP Address Classes
10.2.1.1
128.63.2.100
201.222.5.64
192.6.141.2
130.113.64.16
256.241.201.10
A
35
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: IP Address Classes
Address Class Network Host
10.2.1.1
128.63.2.100
201.222.5.64
192.6.141.2
130.113.64.16
256.241.201.10
A 10.0.0.0
36
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: IP Address Classes
Address Class Network Host
10.2.1.1
128.63.2.100
201.222.5.64
192.6.141.2
130.113.64.16
256.241.201.10
A 10.0.0.0 0.2.1.1
37
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: IP Address Classes
Address Class Network Host
10.2.1.1
128.63.2.100
201.222.5.64
192.6.141.2
130.113.64.16
256.241.201.10
A
B
10.0.0.0 0.2.1.1
38
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: IP Address Classes
Address Class Network Host
10.2.1.1
128.63.2.100
201.222.5.64
192.6.141.2
130.113.64.16
256.241.201.10
A
B
10.0.0.0
128.63.0.0
0.2.1.1
39
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: IP Address Classes
Address Class Network Host
10.2.1.1
128.63.2.100
201.222.5.64
192.6.141.2
130.113.64.16
256.241.201.10
A
B
10.0.0.0
128.63.0.0
0.2.1.1
0.0.2.100
40
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: IP Address Classes
Address Class Network Host
10.2.1.1
128.63.2.100
201.222.5.64
192.6.141.2
130.113.64.16
256.241.201.10
A
B
C
10.0.0.0
128.63.0.0
0.2.1.1
0.0.2.100
41
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: IP Address Classes
Address Class Network Host
10.2.1.1
128.63.2.100
201.222.5.64
192.6.141.2
130.113.64.16
256.241.201.10
A
B
C
10.0.0.0
128.63.0.0
201.222.5.0
0.2.1.1
0.0.2.100
42
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: IP Address Classes
Address Class Network Host
10.2.1.1
128.63.2.100
201.222.5.64
192.6.141.2
130.113.64.16
256.241.201.10
A
B
C
10.0.0.0
128.63.0.0
201.222.5.0
0.2.1.1
0.0.2.100
0.0.0.64
43
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: IP Address Classes
Address Class Network Host
10.2.1.1
128.63.2.100
201.222.5.64
192.6.141.2
130.113.64.16
256.241.201.10
A
B
C
C
10.0.0.0
128.63.0.0
201.222.5.0
0.2.1.1
0.0.2.100
0.0.0.64
44
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: IP Address Classes
Address Class Network Host
10.2.1.1
128.63.2.100
201.222.5.64
192.6.141.2
130.113.64.16
256.241.201.10
A
B
C
C
10.0.0.0
128.63.0.0
201.222.5.0
192.6.141.0
0.2.1.1
0.0.2.100
0.0.0.64
45
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: IP Address Classes
Address Class Network Host
10.2.1.1
128.63.2.100
201.222.5.64
192.6.141.2
130.113.64.16
256.241.201.10
A
B
C
C
10.0.0.0
128.63.0.0
201.222.5.0
192.6.141.0
0.2.1.1
0.0.2.100
0.0.0.64
0.0.0.2
46
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: IP Address Classes
Address Class Network Host
10.2.1.1
128.63.2.100
201.222.5.64
192.6.141.2
130.113.64.16
256.241.201.10
A
B
C
C
B
10.0.0.0
128.63.0.0
201.222.5.0
192.6.141.0
0.2.1.1
0.0.2.100
0.0.0.64
0.0.0.2
47
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: IP Address Classes
Address Class Network Host
10.2.1.1
128.63.2.100
201.222.5.64
192.6.141.2
130.113.64.16
256.241.201.10
A
B
C
C
B
10.0.0.0
128.63.0.0
201.222.5.0
192.6.141.0
130.113.0.0
0.2.1.1
0.0.2.100
0.0.0.64
0.0.0.2
48
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: IP Address Classes
Address Class Network Host
10.2.1.1
128.63.2.100
201.222.5.64
192.6.141.2
130.113.64.16
256.241.201.10
A
B
C
C
B
10.0.0.0
128.63.0.0
201.222.5.0
192.6.141.0
130.113.0.0
0.2.1.1
0.0.2.100
0.0.0.64
0.0.0.2
0.0.64.16
49
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: IP Address Classes
Address Class Network Host
10.2.1.1
128.63.2.100
201.222.5.64
192.6.141.2
130.113.64.16
256.241.201.10
A
B
C
C
B
Nonexistent
10.0.0.0
128.63.0.0
201.222.5.0
192.6.141.0
130.113.0.0
0.2.1.1
0.0.2.100
0.0.0.64
0.0.0.2
0.0.64.16
Configuring IP Addresses
Copyright © 1998, Cisco Systems, Inc.ICRC_revision_11.3
51
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Host Addresses172.16.2.1
172.16.3.10
172.16.12.12
IP: 172.16.2.1
10.1.1.1
10.250.8.11
10.180.30.118
IP: 10.6.24.2
E0 E1
172.16 12 12
Network Host
. . Network Interface
172.16.0.0
10.0.0.0
E0
E1
Routing Table
52
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Network 172.16.0.0
172.16.0.0
Addressing without Subnets
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ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Network 172.16.0.0
Addressing with Subnets
172.16.1.0 172.16.2.0
172.16.3.0
172.16.4.0
54
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Subnet Addressing172.16.2.200
172.16.2.2
172.16.2.160
172.16.3.5
172.16.3.100
172.16.3.150
E0 E1
Network Interface
172.16.0.0
172.16.0.0
E0
E1
Routing Table
55
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Subnet Addressing172.16.2.200
172.16.2.2
172.16.2.160
IP: 172.16.2.1
172.16.3.5
172.16.3.100
172.16.3.150
IP: 172.16.3.1
E0 E1
172.16 2 160
Network Host
. . Network Interface
172.16.0.0
172.16.0.0
E0
E1
Routing Table
Subnet
56
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Subnet Addressing172.16.2.200
172.16.2.2
172.16.2.160
IP: 172.16.2.1
172.16.3.5
172.16.3.100
172.16.3.150
IP: 172.16.3.1
E0 E1
172.16 2 160
Network Host
. . Network Interface
172.16.2.0
172.16.3.0
E0
E1
New Routing Table
Subnet
57
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Subnet Mask
172 16 0 0IPAddress
Network Host
58
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Subnet Mask
172 16 0 0
255 255 0 0
IPAddress
DefaultSubnet
Mask
Network Host
Network Host
59
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Subnet Mask
172 16 0 0
255 255 0 0
255 255 255 0
IPAddress
DefaultSubnet
Mask
8-bitSubnet
Mask
Network Host
Use host bits, starting at thehigh order bit position
Network Host
Network Subnet Host
60
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Decimal Equivalents of Bit Patterns
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 = 128
1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 = 192
1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 = 224
1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 = 240
1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 = 248
1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 = 252
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 = 254
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 = 255
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
61
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Network Host
172.16.2.160
255.255.0.0
172 16 0 0
10101100
11111111
10101100
00010000
11111111
00010000
00000000
00000000
10100000
00000000
00000000
Subnets not in use—the default
00000010
Subnet Mask without Subnets
62
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Network Host
172.16.2.160
255.255.255.0
172 16 2 0
Subnet
11111111 11111111 0000000011111111
Network number extended by eight bits
10101100
10101100
00010000
00010000 00000010
10100000
00000000
00000010
Subnet Mask with Subnets
63
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: Subnet Masks
Address Subnet Mask Class Subnet
172.16.2.10
10.6.24.20
10.30.36.12
255.255.255.0
255.255.0.0
255.255.255.0
64
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: Subnet Masks
Address Subnet Mask Class Subnet
172.16.2.10
10.6.24.20
10.30.36.12
255.255.255.0
255.255.0.0
255.255.255.0
B
65
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: Subnet Masks
Address Subnet Mask Class Subnet
172.16.2.10
10.6.24.20
10.30.36.12
255.255.255.0
255.255.0.0
255.255.255.0
B 172.16.2.0
66
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: Subnet Masks
Address Subnet Mask Class Subnet
172.16.2.10
10.6.24.20
10.30.36.12
255.255.255.0
255.255.0.0
255.255.255.0
B
A
172.16.2.0
67
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: Subnet Masks
Address Subnet Mask Class Subnet
172.16.2.10
10.6.24.20
10.30.36.12
255.255.255.0
255.255.0.0
255.255.255.0
B
A
172.16.2.0
10.6.0.0
68
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: Subnet Masks
Address Subnet Mask Class Subnet
172.16.2.10
10.6.24.20
10.30.36.12
255.255.255.0
255.255.0.0
255.255.255.0
B
A
A
172.16.2.0
10.6.0.0
69
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: Subnet Masks
Address Subnet Mask Class Subnet
172.16.2.10
10.6.24.20
10.30.36.12
255.255.255.0
255.255.0.0
255.255.255.0
B
A
A
172.16.2.0
10.6.0.0
10.30.36.0
70
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Subnet 의 계획
Other subnets
20 subnets
5 hosts per subnet
Class C address:
201.222.5.0
20 subnets
5 hosts per subnet
Class C address:
201.222.5.0
201.222.5.16
201.222.5.32 201.222.5.48
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ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
IP Host Address: 172.16.2.120Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
Subnet Address = 172.16.2.0Host Addresses = 172.16.2.1–172.16.2.254Broadcast Address = 172.16.2.255Eight bits of subnetting
Network Subnet Host
172 16 2 0
172.16.2.120:
255.255.255.0:
10101100
11111111
Subnet: 10101100 00010000
00010000
11111111
00000010
00000010
11111111
01111001
00000000
00000000
Class B Subnet Planning Example
72
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
IP Host Address: 201.222.5.121Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.248
Network Subnet Host
201 222 5 120
201.222.5.121: 11001001
11111111
Subnet: 11001001 11011110
11011110
11111111
00000101
00000101
11111111
01111 001
11111 000
01111 000
255.255.255.248:
Class C Subnet Planning Example
Subnet Address = 201.222.5.120Host Addresses = 201.222.5.121–201.222.5.126Broadcast Address = 201.222.5.127Five Bits of Subnetting
73
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Broadcast Addresses
172.16.1.0
172.16.2.0
172.16.3.0
172.16.4.0
74
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Broadcast Addresses
172.16.1.0
172.16.2.0
172.16.3.0
172.16.4.0
255.255.255.255(Local network broadcast)
XX
75
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Broadcast Addresses
172.16.1.0
172.16.2.0
172.16.3.0
172.16.4.0
172.16.3.255(Directed broadcast)
255.255.255.255(Local network broadcast)
XX
76
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: Broadcast Addresses
Address Class Subnet Broadcast
201.222.10.60 255.255.255.248
Subnet Mask
15.16.193.6 255.255.248.0
128.16.32.13 255.255.255.252
153.50.6.27 255.255.255.128
77
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: Broadcast Addresses
Address Class Subnet Broadcast
201.222.10.60 255.255.255.248 C
Subnet Mask
15.16.193.6 255.255.248.0
128.16.32.13 255.255.255.252
153.50.6.27 255.255.255.128
78
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: Broadcast Addresses
Address Class Subnet Broadcast
201.222.10.60 255.255.255.248 C 201.222.10.56
Subnet Mask
15.16.193.6 255.255.248.0
128.16.32.13 255.255.255.252
153.50.6.27 255.255.255.128
79
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: Broadcast Addresses
Address Class Subnet Broadcast
201.222.10.60 255.255.255.248 C 201.222.10.63201.222.10.56
Subnet Mask
15.16.193.6 255.255.248.0
128.16.32.13 255.255.255.252
153.50.6.27 255.255.255.128
80
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: Broadcast Addresses
Address Class Subnet Broadcast
201.222.10.60 255.255.255.248 C 201.222.10.63201.222.10.56
Subnet Mask
15.16.193.6 255.255.248.0 A
128.16.32.13 255.255.255.252
153.50.6.27 255.255.255.128
81
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: Broadcast Addresses
Address Class Subnet Broadcast
201.222.10.60 255.255.255.248 C 201.222.10.63201.222.10.56
Subnet Mask
15.16.193.6 255.255.248.0 A 15.16.192.0
128.16.32.13 255.255.255.252
153.50.6.27 255.255.255.128
82
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: Broadcast Addresses
Address Class Subnet Broadcast
201.222.10.60 255.255.255.248 C 201.222.10.63201.222.10.56
Subnet Mask
15.16.193.6 255.255.248.0 A 15.16.199.25515.16.192.0
128.16.32.13 255.255.255.252
153.50.6.27 255.255.255.128
83
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: Broadcast Addresses
Address Class Subnet Broadcast
201.222.10.60 255.255.255.248 C 201.222.10.63201.222.10.56
Subnet Mask
15.16.193.6 255.255.248.0 A 15.16.199.25515.16.192.0
128.16.32.13 255.255.255.252 B
153.50.6.27 255.255.255.128
84
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: Broadcast Addresses
Address Class Subnet Broadcast
201.222.10.60 255.255.255.248 C 201.222.10.63201.222.10.56
Subnet Mask
15.16.193.6 255.255.248.0 A 15.16.199.25515.16.192.0
128.16.32.13 255.255.255.252 B 128.16.32.12
153.50.6.27 255.255.255.128
85
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: Broadcast Addresses
Address Class Subnet Broadcast
201.222.10.60 255.255.255.248 C 201.222.10.63201.222.10.56
Subnet Mask
15.16.193.6 255.255.248.0 A 15.16.199.25515.16.192.0
128.16.32.13 255.255.255.252 B 128.16.32.15128.16.32.12
153.50.6.27 255.255.255.128
86
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: Broadcast Addresses
Address Class Subnet Broadcast
201.222.10.60 255.255.255.248 C 201.222.10.63201.222.10.56
Subnet Mask
15.16.193.6 255.255.248.0 A 15.16.199.25515.16.192.0
128.16.32.13 255.255.255.252 B 128.16.32.15128.16.32.12
153.50.6.27 255.255.255.128 B
87
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: Broadcast Addresses
Address Class Subnet Broadcast
201.222.10.60 255.255.255.248 C 201.222.10.63201.222.10.56
Subnet Mask
15.16.193.6 255.255.248.0 A 15.16.199.25515.16.192.0
128.16.32.13 255.255.255.252 B 128.16.32.15128.16.32.12
153.50.6.27 255.255.255.128 B 153.50.6.0
88
ICND Copyright © 2002, Systems, Inc.
Written Exercise: Broadcast Addresses
Address Class Subnet Broadcast
201.222.10.60 255.255.255.248 C 201.222.10.63201.222.10.56
Subnet Mask
15.16.193.6 255.255.248.0 A 15.16.199.25515.16.192.0
128.16.32.13 255.255.255.252 B 128.16.32.15128.16.32.12
153.50.6.27 255.255.255.128 B 153.50.6.127153.50.6.0