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Copyright © 2005SIFCO Industries, Inc.
Visual KeysVisual Keys
For Successful For Successful
Base Material PreparationBase Material Preparation
Copyright © 2005SIFCO Industries, Inc.
Base Material Identification
Obtaining good adhesion of a SIFCO Process deposit begins with proper identification of the surface being plated on.
Copyright © 2005SIFCO Industries, Inc.
Base Material Identification
Occasionally, the operator is misinformed as to the identity of the base material or is not informed or aware that a coating is present on the surface. This can lead to adhesion problems.
Copyright © 2005SIFCO Industries, Inc.
Base Material Identification
An alert operator, by carefully watching the etching operation, will frequently detect incorrect identifications or the presence of coatings.
Copyright © 2005SIFCO Industries, Inc.
Base Material Identification
This table lists some tests that may be used to verify the identity of the base material.
Copyright © 2005SIFCO Industries, Inc.
PreparationPreparation
A SIFCO Process preparatory cycle consists of a number of operations, each one performing a specific function. The number and types of operations, and the solutions used, depend on the base material and not the plating solution to be used later. Each operation should be carried out properly to ensure obtaining maximum adhesion.
Copyright © 2005SIFCO Industries, Inc.
PreparationPreparation
The operations are properly carried out when:• The proper solutions are used in the proper sequence.• The solutions are used in the proper direction of current
flow, i.e. forward current or reverse current.• The operations follow each other as rapidly as possible
and with the surface not being allowed to dry between operations.
• The desired results are obtained in each operation.
Copyright © 2005SIFCO Industries, Inc.
PreparationPreparation
• The visual tests are important and the operator should pay particular attention to them.
Copyright © 2005SIFCO Industries, Inc.
ElectrocleaningElectrocleaning
• Usually performed first • Removes the last traces of dirt, oil, and grease• Removes the light oxide films on some metals
such as copper.• Usually done in forward polarity
Copyright © 2005SIFCO Industries, Inc.
EtchingEtching
• Performed in reverse polarity • Removes oxides, corrosion products and
smeared and contaminated surface material
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DesmuttingDesmutting
• Follows the etch on some base materials • Removes loose layer of insoluble material on the
surface.• Done in reverse polarity
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ActivatingActivating
• Removes passive oxide film• No visual key (except for chrome)• Done in forward polarity• Temporary state
Copyright © 2005SIFCO Industries, Inc.
The RinseThe Rinse
In most cases, a thorough water rinse should follow each preparatory step. One of the most critical is the rinse after the electrocleaning operation. If water “breaks” on the surface, either the electrocleaning time was too short or the voltage was too low, and the operation should be repeated.
Copyright © 2005SIFCO Industries, Inc.
Water BreakWater Break
A good description of a “water break” is when a water film breaks into beads such as on a waxed car. If this occurs, the surface is not clean! Water Break
Nice Clean Surface
Copyright © 2005SIFCO Industries, Inc.
Visual KeysVisual Keys
The following series of slides shows what the operator should look for in each of the preparatory operations.
Things to consider:• Appearance of the base material before the operation.• Appearance of the base material after the operation. • Appearance of the cover and the solution in the cover
after the operation.
Copyright © 2005SIFCO Industries, Inc.
SummarySummary
• Successful adhesion hinges on correctly Successful adhesion hinges on correctly identifying the base material and performing the identifying the base material and performing the correct preparatory operations for that material correct preparatory operations for that material in the right sequence and ensuring that the in the right sequence and ensuring that the visual keys are observed for each stepvisual keys are observed for each step
Copyright © 2005SIFCO Industries, Inc.
SummarySummary
Need Help?Need Help?• SIFCO Process Instruction ManualSIFCO Process Instruction Manual• SIFCO Technical SupportSIFCO Technical Support
info@sifcoasc.cominfo@sifcoasc.com
1-216-524-00991-216-524-0099