Post on 14-Dec-2015
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22 | 2Copyright © 2012 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Adjectives
• An adjective describes a noun or a pronoun• It tells which one, what kind, or how many:
o The red coat belongs to me.o He looks healthy.
22 | 3Copyright © 2012 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Adverbs
• An adverb describes a verb, an adjective, or another adverb. Adverbs often end in -ly. They tell how, to what extent, why, when, or where.o Laura sings loudly.o Lift this box very carefully.
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Confusing Adjectives and Adverbs
• Adjective– awful– bad– poor– quick– quiet– real– sure
• Adverb– awfully– badly– poorly– quickly– quietly– really– surely
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Confusing Adjectives and Adverbs
• This chair is a real antique. (adjective)• Gina really wants to win. (adverb)
• That necktie is awful. (adjective)• My brother sings awfully. (adverb)
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Good / Well
• Unlike most adjectives, good does not add -ly to become an adverb; it changes to wello Peter is a good student. (adjective) o He writes well. (adverb)
• Note, however, that well can be used as an adjective to mean in good health:o He felt well after his long vacation.
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Comparatives
• Comparatives are formed with either more or -er—not both
• Add -er to adjectives and adverbs that have one syllable:
short shorter
fast faster
thin thinner
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Comparatives
• Place the word more before adjectives and adverbs that have two or more syllables:
foolish more foolish
happily more happy
• To show the comparative of two-syllable adjectives ending in -y, change the y to i and add -er:
cloudy cloudier
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Superlatives
• Use the superlative when you wish to compare more than two people or things
• To form superlatives,
o add -est to adjectives and adverbs of one syllable:
short shortest
o place the word most before adjectives and adverbs that have two or more syllables:
foolish most foolish
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• Exception to forming superlatives:
o With two-syllable adjectives ending in y, change the y to i and add est:
happy happiest
Superlatives
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Troublesome Comparatives and Superlatives
Comparative Superlative
Adjective: good better best
Adverb: well better best
Adjective: bad worse worst
Adverb” badly worse worst
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Demonstrative Adjectives
• This, that, these, and those are called demonstrative adjectives because they point out— or demonstrate — which noun is meant
o I don’t trust that wobbly front wheel.o Those toys are not as safe as their makers
claim.
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Singular Plural
This book These books
That book Those books
• Demonstrative adjectives are the only adjectives that change to show singular and plural:
Demonstrative Adjectives
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Proofreading Strategy
• Read slowly, and highlight every adjective purple and every adverb gray (or use colors of your choice)
• Next check every purple and gray word, one by one
• Ask yourself what word each one describes, and make sure adjectives describe nouns and adverbs describe verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.