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Introduction, selection and editorial matter © Jill Nelmes and Jule Selbo 2015Individual contributions © Contributors 2015
All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of thispublication may be made without written permission.
No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmittedsave with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of theCopyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licencepermitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency,Saffron House, 6–10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS.
Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publicationmay be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages.
The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
First published 2015 byPALGRAVE MACMILLAN
Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited,registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke,Hampshire RG21 6XS.
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ISBN 978–1–137–31236–5
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v
List of Figures ix
Acknowledgments x
Notes on Contributors xi
Foreward by Cari Beauchamp xxvii
Introduction 1Jill Nelmes and Jule Selbo
Part I Africa
Burkina Faso 7Jule Selbo
Egypt 9Koen Van Eynde
Ghana 18Jule Selbo
Kenya 21Jeremy B. Warner
Morocco 23Stefanie Van de Peer
Namibia 29Jule Selbo
Nigeria 30Noah Tsika
South Africa 39Haseenah Ebrahim
Tunisia 45Ouissal Mejri
Part II Asia
China and Hong Kong 55Cristina Colet, Jule Selbo and Jeremy B. Warner
India 69Alexis Krasilovsky, Debashree Mukherjee, Jule Selbo and Anubha Yadav
Iran 87Debbie Danielpour
Contents
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vi Contents
Israel 104Jule Selbo
Japan 108Lauri Kitsnik, Jule Selbo and Michael Smith
Korea 131Jeremy B. Warner and Brian Yecies
Palestine 143Jule Selbo
Russia 145Michele Leigh, Jule Selbo and Tatiana Tursunova-Tlatov
Part III Australasia
Australia 163Nicolette Freeman, Lisa French, Margot Nash and Mark Poole
New Zealand 194Hester Joyce
Part IV Europe
Armenia 209Carl Wilson
Austria 214Robert Dassanowsky
Belgium 238Ronald Geerts
Czech Republic 249Alice Nemcová Tejkalová, Filip Šára and David Sorfa
Denmark 266Eva Novrup Redvall
Estonia 288Margit Keerdo-Dawson
Finland 302Riikka Pennanen and Raija Talvio
France 311Kelley Conway, Kath Dooley, Mary Harrod, Susan Hayward, Florence Martin, Jule Selbo, Alison Smith, Isabelle Vanderschelden and Elena Von Kassel Siambani
Germany 363Andrew Kenneth Gay, Alexis Krasilovsky, Ervin Malakaj, Juliane Scholz and Carl Wilson
Greece 398Tonia Kazakopoulou
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Contents vii
Ireland 410Susan Liddy and Díóg O’Connell
Italy 433Mariapia Comand, Alexis Krasilovsky, Bernadette Luciano, Paolo Russo, Jule Selbo and Bridget Tompkins
Malta 488Monika Maslowska
Netherlands 493Thomas van den Berg, Erik Buikema, Gert Jan Harkema, Annelies van Noortwijk, Jennifer O’Connell, Rianne Pras, Vincent Ros, Johanna Seelbach, Steven Willemson and Jauke van Wonderen
Norway 516Kyja Kristjansson-Nelson
Poland 523Jule Selbo
Romania 526Monica Mitarca
Serbia and Yugoslavia 533Olga Dimitrijevic
Spain 538Natalia Sanjuan Bornay, Julia Sabina Gutiérrez and Jeremy B. Warner
Sweden 550Johanna Forsman and Kjell Sundstedt
Switzerland 578Michael Burri
Turkey 586Jule Selbo
United Kingdom 591Lavinia Brydon, Marcella Forster, Christine Gledhill, Stella Hockenhull, Susan Liddy, Nathalie Morris, Jill Nelmes, Jamie Sherry and Paul Wells
Part V North America
Canada 685Michael Coutanche, Jule Selbo and J. T. Velikovsky
Cuba 693Michelle Leigh Farrell
Jamaica 700Tanya Gail Davies
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viii Contents
Mexico 714Maria-Teresa DePaoli and Felipe Pruneda Sentíes
United States of America 726Jean Ansolabehere, Robert Arnett, Kristiina Hackel, Helen Jacey, Warren Lewis, Sam Lively, Victoria Lucas, Bettina Moss, Claudia Myers, Megan Reilly, Dorin Schumacher, Jule Selbo, Anne Slatton, Tom Stempel, Anna Weinstein and Rosanne Welch
Part VI South America
Argentina 859Linda Craig and Felipe Pruneda Sentíes
Brazil 870Camila Malagolini Gama
Chile 875Carmen Sofia Brenes
Venezuela 889Belkis Suárez Faillace
Index 901
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1
IntroductionJill Nelmes and Jule Selbo
In this study of female screenwriters, from the first film scenarios produced in 1896 to the present day, we highlight the work of more than 300 writers from over 50 nations. Each entry gives an overview of the history and background of women screenwriters in that country, highlighting its most influential females in individual entries.
The scope and range of the book is ambitious and there is no existing work that gives such coverage of the subject. The guide is divided into six sections by continent: Africa, Asia, Australasia, Europe, North America and South America. There are entries for the more frequently written about nations such as the US, the UK, France and Australia, as well as countries like Malta, Romania, Korea, Poland, South Africa and Switzerland where we have found a rich but rarely discussed tradition of female screenwriting. Indeed the entries for individual countries show how varied the experience of female screenwriters is – experiences that are very dependent on historical, social and political factors. We have tried to include entries on all the film-producing countries, although unfortunately it has not been possible to do this where there is very little information available or where we were unable to find a contributor. We hope that publication of the book will encourage discussion of these omissions as well as promoting the subject further. In subsequent editions, we hope to include information on more females who have used their talents as screenwriters in the feature film industry.
Women screenwriters were at the forefront of the film industry in its earliest days in many nations around the world. The sudden popularity of early film-making created opportunities for women in key creative positions; early screen-writers and filmmakers such as the Frenchwoman Alice Guy, Americans Gene Gauntier and Lois Weber, Australian Lottie Lyell, and Fatma Begum in India were writing, directing, producing and creating their own film companies.
In most countries the myriad opportunities for women in the film industry changed after a relatively short period. By the coming of sound in 1928, it had become evident how much money might be made in the industry. This meant that corporate interests (dominated by males) began to dictate, more males were drawn to the industry and the ranks of female screenwriters diminished. Even in Sweden, a country with a strong tradition of female writers, women only wrote
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2 Women Screenwriters
6.5 per cent of the 240 films made during the 1930s. In the UK, for instance, a small number of talented women writers such as Muriel Box and Janet Green were very successful in the 1940s and 1950s, but most women only wrote one or two films. The decline of the studio system in the 1950s in Hollywood and parts of Europe did little to help women writers and, as audiences fell, fewer films were made. At the same time, television began to attract millions of viewers and some female screenwriters moved their careers to the new medium, not only in the United States but wherever television programmes were produced. In Sweden, Astrid Lindgren adapted her very popular Pippi Longstocking children’s books for film and television in a career that lasted 33 years.
More recently there are grounds for optimism; in countries such as Sweden, the Netherlands and Denmark the gender balance is now almost even. In South Africa, for example, television has provided a platform for women writers like Sara Blecher (Zero Tolerance, 2011); she has gone on to make feature films and documentaries. Indeed it is noticeable how many women now move from film to television with ease. However, there are still nations that pose restrictions and strong censorship; Iran levies severe constraints on women’s freedom, yet some of its female writers and filmmakers, like Rakhshan Bani-Etemad and Samira Makhmalbaf, have received worldwide acclaim for their films. In the Soviet Union, after World War II, countries like Estonia, Czechoslovakia and Romania had strict censorship imposed on the content of screenplays. Greater freedom following Stalin’s death in 1953 allowed women writers and directors to work, and Perestroika, in 1985, ended state control of the studios. When Estonia gained independence in 1991, it took some time for women screenwriters to gain a foothold, but by the 2000s a new generation of women had emerged.
The late 20th and early 21st centuries brought a greater awareness of gender inequity in the film industry, particularly regarding writing and directing. Many countries are now trying to redress this imbalance and some have initiated quotas to ensure there are more women film writers; in the Netherlands many of their most successful films are written and directed by women. In Argentina, of 64 films made in 2005, 13 were by women; however, the numbers have not remained this high; in 2012, of 51 films produced, only five were by women. Unfortunately, for every success, or partial success, there are other countries, such as Romania, where very few scripts written by women are produced.
Despite difficulties along the way, a great many outstanding women screen-writers from across the world have emerged in the last 110 years and there is rea-son for celebration. Poland boasts award-winning screenwriters such as Agnieszka Holland, Italy celebrates Suso Cecchi d’Amico and others, and China claims Li Yu and Ann Hui among their talents. Women screenwriters in the Middle East are exploring difficult narratives of identity and freedoms, and female filmmakers in Africa are contributing stories that are shining lights on social and political situations.
There is still a need to encourage the film industry in the majority of nations to be more receptive to women writers and women’s stories. We hope this volume will inform and inspire and point to the fact that women screenwriters have
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Introduction 3
shown their creativity, capabilities and value from the beginning of cinema into contemporary times.
We thank all the contributors who have been so diligent in their research and helped to illuminate these women’s lives and work.
Enjoy!
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901
Index: List of Screenwriters
Part I: Africa
Burkina FasoBouyain, Sarah, 8Nacro, Fanta Régina, 7, 8
EgyptAbdallah, Hanan, 15Amir, Aziza, 9–11, 15 Bakr, Inas, 13El Din, Mona Noor, 13Eldegheidi, Inas, 13, 15Hafez, Bahiga, 9, 11, 15Hamza, Nadia, 13, 14Kamel, Nadia, 15Khairy, Wafiya, 12Khalil, Hala, 13–14Lotfy, Hala, 15Mohamed, Amina, 9, 11–12Mohsen, Samira, 13Na’oum, Maryam, 13–14Noujaim, Jehane, 15Rushdy, Fatma, 9Shah, Hosn, 12–13Soliman, Wessam, 14, 16
GhanaBadoe, Yaba, 18Busia, Akosua Cyamama, 18–20Djansi, Leila Afua, 20Nyoni, Rungano, 18Quaashie, Veronica, 18Sara-Wiwa, Zina, 18
KenyaKahiu, Wanuri, 21Kinyanjul, Wanjuri, 22Munene, Matrid, 22
MoroccoBenlyazid, Farida, 23–7Bitton, Simone, 27Kassari, Yasmine, 28Marrakchi, Laila, 28Nejjar, Narjiss, 28
NamibiaHiveluah, Oshosheni, 29
Pickering, Bridget, 8, 29 Stoffels, Krischka, 29
NigeriaAkindele, Funke, 32–4, 36, 37Anyaene, Chineze, 37Anyiam-Osigwe, Peace, 34–7Isong, Emem, 32Jombo, Uche, 31–2, 33, 34, 36–7Okereke, Stephanie, 37–8Onwurah, Ngozi, 8, 38Saro-Wiwa, Zina, 38Ukpabio, Helen, 34
South AfricaBeukes, Lauren, 41Blecher, Sara 2, 40–1Brewer, Thandi, 40, 41Frederikse, Julie, 41Goldsmid, Margaret, 41Hall, Julie, 40, 41Jacobs, Rayda, 41–2Jansen van Vuuren, Anna Marie, 42Johnston, Shirley, 42Loots, Justine, 42Mitchell, Beverly, 42–3, 44Mohamed, Raeesa, 42Moodley, Jayan, 42Nogueira, Helen, 43Otto Sallies, Zulfah, 8, 43Proctor, Elaine, 43Schutte, Hanneke, 43Turner, Jann, 44Van Eeden, Janet, 44Vaughn, Sandra, 44Williams, Weaam, 42, 44
TunisiaAmari, Raja, 8, 45, 50–1Baccar, Salma, 45, 47, 51Ben Mabrouk, Néjia, 45, 48, 51Bornaz, Kalthoum, 45, 50, 51Chikly Tamzali, Haydée, 45–7, 51Nallouti, Aroussia, 47Tlatli, Moufida, 45, 49–50, 51
ZimbabweIngrid Sinclair, 8
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902 Index
Part II: Asia
China and Hong KongAi, Xia, 56–7Chan Bo Wa (Chen Bao Hua/
Ella Chan Bo Wa), 66Chan Suk-Yin (Susan Chan Suk-Yin), 67Chan Wan Man, Joyce, 66Cheuk, Wan Chi (Chi See Goo Bi/Vincci
Cheuk Wan Chi), 67Cheung Yueng Ting, Mabel (Zhang Wan
Ting/Mabel Cheung), 66Cheung, Ai-chai (Sylvia Ngai-ga Chang/
Sylvia Chang), 66Chun Siu-Jan, Janet (Chun Siu Jan/Janet
Chin), 66Chun Chun, Barbara Wong, 67Ho Sai-Hong, Ivy, 66Hui, Ann, 2, 56, 66, 67Hui, Sharon, 66Kao, Pao Shu (Go Bo Shu), 65Lam Oi Wah, Aubrey, 66, 67Law Cheuk Yu, Clara (Clara Law), 66, 168Liang, Xiao (Josephine Siao Fong-Fong), 65Mak, Hei-yan Heiward, 67Peng, Xiaolian, 56, 60–2Qin, Yifu (Nellie Chin Yu), 63–4Shaw Lai King, Sandy, 66Tang Shuxuan (Cecile Tang Shu
Shuen), 64–5To, Chi Long (Christine T), 67Yam, Yi Ji (Yi Zhi Ren), 63Li Yu, 2, 56Zhang, Ailing (Eileen Chang), 57–60,
63, 64, 68
IndiaBai, Jaddan, 70–80, 84, 85, 86Begum, Fatma, 1, 69, 70, 72Irani, Honey, 82–4Lajmi, Kalpana, 70Sen, Aparna, 70Taraporevala, Sooni, 81–2, 86
IranBani-Etemad, Rakshan, 2, 92–5, 102Derakh’shandeh, Poura n, 89, 95–6Hekmat, Manijeh, 91Kosari, Baran, 95Makhmalbaf, Samira, 2, 96–101, 102, 103Milani, Tahmineh, 92, 98–101, 102Nabili, Marva, 90 Riahi, Shahla, 90Sadi, Kobra, 90
IsraelAlmagor, Gila, 106 Bat-Adam, Michal, 105–6Burshtein, Rama, 104–5Elkabetz, Ronit, 106Geffen, Shira, 106Kedar, Veronica (Ronni), 107Lavie, Talya, 106Menahemi, Ayelet, 106Recanati, Mira, 106Silverman, Yuta, 107Yedaya, Keren, 106
JapanHashida, Sugako, 116Hayashi, Yoshiko, 110, 114, 115Inukai, Kyoko, 124Kusuda, Yoshiko, 116Mishima, Yukiko, 124 Mizuki, Yoko, 113, 116–19, 123Mizushima, Ayame, 110, 114–15, 129Nishikawa, Miwa, 116, 124–6Ogigami, Naoko, 116, 126–9Ohishi, Michiko, 129Omori, Mika, 116, 129Sakane, Tazuko, 109–13, 130Suzuki, Noriko, 110, 114–16, 130Tanaka, Sumie, 116, 117, 118, 119–20, 123Tanaka, Akiko, 116, 129Wada, Natto, 115, 117, 118, 120–4
KoreaByun, Young-joo, 133, 136–7, 140, 142Hong, Ji-young, 136, 139, 142Hung, Eun-won, 132Hwang, Hye-mi, 132Lee, Jeong-hyang, 132, 133, 135–6,
138, 139Park, Nom-ok, 132Roh, Deok, 133, 137, 141
PalestineDabis, Cherien, 143–4Jacar, Annemarie, 143Sansour, Leila, 144Masri, Mai, 144Mara’ana, Ibtisam, 144Tawil-Souri, Helga, 144
RussiaAgadzhanova Shutko, Nina, 146, 150Barantsevich, Zoia, 146–50, 159Bondarchuk, Natalya, 151Brumberg, Zinaida, 151
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Index 903
Brumberg, Valentina, 151Khmelik, Maria, 152Kudrya, Zoya, 151–2Muratovna Litvinova, Renata, 146, 152Loktev, Julia, 153Muratova, Kira, 153Rand, Ayn, 154–5Rayskaya, Elena, 153, 154Ryazantseva, Natalya, 146, 153, 155–6Smirnova, Avdotya (Dunya), 156–7Smirnova, Maria, 146, 157–8, 290Tokareva, Viktoriya, 146, 153–4Vinogradskaya, Ekaterina, 158
Part III: Australasia
AustraliaArmstrong, Gillian, 164, 165, 185, 186 Banks, Imogen, 166Barrett, Shirley, 165, 166Bell, Alice, 166Campion, Jane, 163–6, 179–85, 186, 192,
193, 194, 201, 204Castrique, Sue, 164Chobocky, Barbara, 164Christian, Beatrix, 164Coffey, Essie, 167Cox, Deborah, 164, 166De La Ruze, Juliet, 164Foulkes, Mirrah, 163Gavin, Agnes, 170Glynn, Erica, 167Grace, Helen, 165Grace-Smith, Briar, 203Haywood, Claire, 164Hellier, Trudy, 163Howarde, Kate, 164Johnson, Darlene, 167, 200Jones, Laura, 165, 182, 184, 185–6, 194, 609Kelly, Margaret, 166Kennedy, Jane, 163 Kokkinos, Ana, 165, 166, 167Leigh, Julia, 164Long, Joan, 164, 165, 192Lovely, Louise, 170, 171, 191, 193Lyell, Lottie, 1, 164, 169, 171–5, 192, 193 Mallon, Mary, 164Marchetta, Melina, 163, 166McDonagh, Paulette, 164, 169, 170,
175–9, 192, 193McDonagh, Phyllis, 164, 169, 170,
175–9, 193McDonagh, Isobel, 164, 169, 170,
175–9, 193
Moffatt, Tracey, 165, 167Monticelli, Anna-Maria, 166 Moorhouse, Jocelyn, 165Morris, Judy, 163, 166O’Brien, Kathleen, 163Olsen, Christine, 163, 166Oswald, Debra, 164Pellizzari, Monica, 167Perkins, Rachel, 163, 167, 191Rayson, Hannie, 164Riley, Sally, 163, 167Riley, Gina, 166Robertson, Mira, 166Seres, Fiona, 166Shortland, Cate, 165, 166, 182, 191Smith, Sue, 164Szubanski, Magda, 166Thomson, Katherine, 164Tilson, Alison, 166, 186–91, 192, 193Turkiewicz, Sophia, 168Turner, Jane, 166Ward, Rachel, 163, 165Watt, Sarah, 165White, Erin, 163Witcombe, Eleanor, 166
New ZealandBoyens, Philippa, 201, 204Brown, Riwia, 200, 202Caro, Niki, 194Jeffs, Christine, 203Lang, Rachel, 200Mita, Merata, 197–8Preston, Gaylene, 195–8, 202 Rodriga, Melanie, 195–8, 201, 205Walsh, Fran, 194, 201, 202, 204
Part IV: Europe
ArmeniaMelikyan, Anna, 210–13
AustriaAlbert, Barbara, 219, 231–2, 234, 235,
236, 237Arlamovsky, Maria, 218Baum, Vicki, 214, 215, 314, 364, 365,
367, 375–6Beckermann, Ruth, 219, 230–1, 236Brandauer, Karin, 218, 229–30Covi, Tizza, 220Derflinger, Sabine, 219Dusl, Andrea Maria, 220Eder, Barbara, 221
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904 Index
Export, Valie, 217, 228–9Freund, Susanne, 219Georgiou, Penelope, 217Gräftner, Barbara, 219Hausner, Jessica, 219, 234–5, 236, 237 Grossmann, Gerda E., 219 Heinrich, Margareta, 218Jenbach, Ida, 216, 224–6 Kino, Kitty, 217Knilli, Maria, 218Kolm-Fleck, Louise, 214, 221–4, 225,
226, 236Kratz, Käthe, 217Kreutzer, Marie, 221Kusturica, Nina, 220, 232Lassnig, Maria, 218, 219Mader, Ruth, 232, 235–6Mattuschka, Mara, 219Neudecker, Gabriele, 220Pezold, Friederike, 218Resetarits, Kathrin, 219, 232Sagan, Leontine, 227–8, 237Salomonowitz, Anja, 221Scharang, Elisabeth, 220Stephan, Maria, 216Unger, Mirjam, 220, 233–4Viertel, Salka, 214, 215, 597Wachtel, Rosa, 216Winiewicz, Lida, 218Zanke, Susanne, 217
BelgiumAkerman, Chantal, 238, 242–4,
245, 247, 248Chagoll, Lydia, 238d’Alcantara, Vanja, 245Frijters, Anna, 238, 239–40Hänsel, Marion, 238, 244–5Kiel, Edith, 238, 240–1, 247, 248Levy-Morelle, Anne, 238Navarra, Aimée, 239Schoukens, Sophie, 245Somers, Ilse, 245Strubbe, Caroline, 245, 248Toye, Patrice, 238, 245–6Troch, Fien, 238, 245, 246–7, 248Van Den Berghe, Dorothée, 245Van Mieghem, Hilde, 245
Czech RepublicBabinská, Karin, 253Bernášková, Alena, 251Boková, Jana, 253Bouc ková, Tereza, 253
Cervenková, Thea, 249Chytilová, Vera, 251Dovská, Beatrice, 250Hejdová, Irena, 253Hofman, Ota, 252Janovská, Zorka, 249–50Jelinek, Milena, 253Jelínková, Monika, 250Kmínková, Jarmila, 250Knitlová, Jana, 252Konášová, Lucie, 252Krumbachová, Ester, 251, 253–62, 265Majerová, Marie, 251Marwille, Suzanne, 249–50Nellis, Alice, 253, 264–5 Pavlásková, Irena, 253Pavlátová, Michaela, 253Pawlowská, Halina, 253Pelleová-Czivišová, Ada (Milada), 250, 265Pírková, Svatava, 250Plívová Šimková, Vera, 251–2Polednáková, Marie, 252, 263–4Prišc áková, Katerina, 252Renáková Králová, Drahomíra, 251, 252Sedlác ková, Anna, 250Sedlác ková, Gill (Julie), 250Semonická, Kvetoslava, 250Smolová, Zdena, 249, 250Svatá, Jarmila, 250Temná, Hana, 250Turnovská, Jarmila, 251, 252Týrlová, Hermína, 252Vihanová, Drahomíra, 251Zinnerová, Markéta, 252
DenmarkBloch, Harriet, 268–9, 285, 551Fischer Christensen, Pernille, 267Frische, Grete, 269, 270, 271, 285Gylling, Iben, 281Heeno, Mette, 278, 280Henning-Jensen, Astrid, 271–3, 285, 287Høgh, Dorthe W., 278, 280Hovmand, Annelise, 273–4Ilsøe, Maya, 267, 278, 281, 287Ipsen, Bodil, 269, 270Knudsen, Mette, 274Leona, Kim, 278, 280Lundblad, Hanna, 281Nørgård, Lise, 277Nulle Nykjær, Elith, 282O’Fredericks, Alice, 269–71, 554Olesen, Annette K., 267, 582Reenberg, Annelise, 269, 271
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Index 905
Rex, Jytte, 276–7, 282Ryslinge, Helle, 275–6, 286Scherfig, Lone, 266, 282–3, 287Smith, Karen, 277Svendsen, Lotte, 281, 282Von Prangen, Agnete, 268, 552
EstoniaAdamian, Nora, 290Aruoja, Virve, 289, 290Aun, Anu, 292, 297–9Beekman, Aimée, 289–90Ehala, Olav, 298, 291, 300Karis, Helle, 290–2, 297–9, 300Kiik, Silvia, 289Kõusaar, Kadri, 292, 299-300Laius, Leida, 289, 295–7, 300Laur, Katrin, 292Lintrop, Renita, 291Luts, Aksella, 288, 292–5, 300, 301Niit, Ellen, 289Oidermaa, Helgi, 290–1, 298Pervik, Aino, 289Promet, Lilli, 290Ruus, Karin, 290Sheptunova, Marina, 291, 297Smirnova, Maria, 146, 157–8, 290Tust, Elo, 294Tungal, Leelo, 292Zvereva, Maria, 291
FinlandBergholm, Eija Elina, 305Bergroth, Kersti, 303–4Hintze, Gerda, 302–3Honkasalo, Pirjo, 306Idström, Tove, 306Joutseno, Lea, 303–4, 310Kaarna, Kaarina, 302Linnanheimo, Regina, 303, 310Mantila, Auli, 306Mikkola, Marja Leena, 305Salminen, Seere, 303–4Soini, Elsa, 303–4Talvio, Raija, 306–7Tattari, Tauno, 303Valtonen, Hilja, 303Vuoksenmaa, Johanna, 306Wuolijoki, Hella, 304–5, 307–9, 310
FranceAudry, Jacqueline, 311, 315, 360Audry, Colette, 315, 320Balasko, Josiane, 339, 340–6, 358, 360, 361
Bellon, Yannick, 315–16Breillat, Catherine, 321Bruni Tedeschi, Valeria, 322, 346Bussi, Solange, 314Colette, 311–12, 314, 315, 316,
347, 357, 360Companeez, Nina, 318–19, 321, 362Corsini, Catherine, 346De Van, Marina, 353–6, 359, 360, 361Delpy, Julie, 322Denis, Claire, 322, 338, 356Dubreuil, Charlotte, 321Dulac, Germaine, 311–14, 357, 360, 509Duras, Marguerite, 188, 316–18, 320, 321, 499Epstein, Marie, 313–14, 357Ferran, Pascale, 322Garcia, Nicole, 322, 346Guy, Alice, 1, 221, 311–12, 322–6,
357, 361, 844Hansen-Løve, Mia, 356–7, 358Hillel-Erlanger, Irène, 311Issermann, Aline, 321Jaoui, Agnès, 346, 351–3, 359, 360, 361, 362Kaplan, Nelly, 318, 319–21, 346, 357, 718Karina, Anna, 278, 318Kurys, Diane, 321, 346Labrune, Jeanne, 321, 346Lange, Monique, 318Lemercier, Valérie, 339, 344–6, 358, 360Lvovsky, Noémie, 322, 346Marshall, Tonie, 311, 322, 346Musidora, 311–14, 360, 361Pascal, Christine, 321, 322Pisier, Marie-France, 318, 320, 337–8,
358, 361Roussopoulos, Carole, 320Sagan, Françoise, 317–18, 320, 360Schiffman, Suzanne, 318, 330–6, 358,
360, 361, 362Serreau, Coline, 321, 322, 339–41, 343,
344–6, 358, 361Seyrig, Delphine, 243, 317, 320Thompson, Danièle, 339, 342–6, 360, 361Trintignant, Nadine, 320, 321, 322Trividic, Anne-Louise, 322Varda, Agnès, 318, 321, 326–30, 360, 362,
718, 732Vedrès, Nicole, 315, 316
GermanyAladag, Feo, 373Baum, Vicki, 214, 215, 314, 364, 365,
367, 375–6Bergmann, Bärbl, 370
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906 Index
Brückner, Jutta, 373 390–1Carlsen, Fanny, 365–6Del Zopp, Louise, 364–5Dörrie, Doris, 373, 394–6Droop, Marie Luise, 363–5Fechner, Ellen, 368–9Fentsch, Erna, 369–70Fröhlich, Pea, 372Goetz, Ruth, 364, 365, 374, 396Gronenborn, Esther, 374Grosse, Nina, 373Gusner, Iris, 370Henning, Hanna, 366Link, Caroline, 373Moja, Hella, 366–7Neumann, Lotte, 368Ottinger, Ulrike, 372–3Porten, Rosa, 367Riefenstahl, Leni, 367–8, 377, 378,
380–3, 396, 397Samdereli, Yasemin and Nesrin, 374Sander, Helke, 371Sanders-Brahms, Helma, 371–2Schmidt, Evelyn, 370Stobrawa, Renée, 369Stöckl, Ula 370, 383–90Treut, Monika, 373Von Harbou, Thea, 368, 376–80, 396Von Trotta, Margarethe, 372, 391–4, 396,
397, 499Wolff, Victoria Claudia, 375
GreeceAngelidi, Antouanetta, 399Antoniou, Angeliki, 400–1, 403–5, 408Bei, Katerina, 400, 401Detzortzi, Katy, 399Evangelakou, Katerina, 403Galani, Rena, 399Gavala, Maria, 399Hadjisofia, Anna, 402Handari, Maria, 399Hristinaki, Inta, 399, 408Karali, Malvina, 400Karystiani, Ioanna, 401Liappa, Frieda, 400Malea, Olga, 400, 407Marketaki, Tonia, 399–400, 402Mavili, Eleni, 402Nikolakopoulou, Maria, 402Pantazoni, Elena, 402Papadopoulou, Dimitra, 402Papaoikonomou, Mirella, 402, 405–6, 409Passari, Maritina, 400
Paxinou, Eleni and Maria, 402Pierakkou, Soula, 402Plyta, Maria, 398, 399Psykou, Elina, 401Rikaki, Lucia, 400Romas, Haris, 402Segditsa, Kiki, 399, 402Theodoraki, Stella, 403Tsangari, Athena Rachel, 401, 408, 409Yourgou, Laya, 400, 401, 403Zarokosta, Melpo, 399Zoumboulaki, Manina, 400, 406–7, 408
IrelandBhride, Eoin MacGiolla, 424Binchy, Maeve, 417, 423Bruce, Nichola, 420Collins, Pat, 424Corkery, Margaret, 418, 424Creed, Geraldine, 418, 423Cullen, Colette, 415, 416Daly, Rebecca, 418, 424, 426Dhuibhne, Éilis Ní, 417Dowling, Clare, 415English, Stephanie, 414Enright, Anne, 417Gauntier, Gene, 1, 411, 420–2, 431, 726,
791–3, 849, 852Geraghty, Finola, 424, 427, 428Gill, Liz, 418, 423Green, Steph, 420 Harkin, Margo, 414Ingoldsby, Maeve, 416, 417Johnston, Jennifer, 417Keogan, Ailbhe, 420, 423Laverty, Maura, 416Lynch, Claire, 415MacAdam, Trish, 418Mackenzie, Lauren, 416, 423Manning, Mary, 411, 412, 413McGettigan, Norah, 424McGuckian, Mary, 418McGuinness, Alexandra, 424, 426Molloy, Christine, 418, 420, 424Murphy, Pat, 414, 419, 423Murphy, Maeve, 423Noble, Janet, 418O’Brien, Edna, 417O’Carroll, Harriet, 416, 417Pasley, Jean, 423Patton, Mrs N. F., 411, 412Quinn, Marian, 424, 427, 428Scott-Speer, Deborah, 419Sheridan, Kirsten, 419, 424, 426, 431
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Index 907
Swift, Carolyn, 416Thompson, Kate, 416Twomey, Siobhan, 415De Venuto, Rossella, 420Walsh, Orla, 415Whooley, Sharon, 424Wilson, Juanita, 418, 424, 432Winters, Carmel, 418, 424, 426
ItalyAlberti, Barbara, 435, 442Amoruso, Elisa, 437, 464, 465Apruzzo, Carla, 436Archibugi, Francesca, 436, 437–9, 462,
463, 484, 485, 486Argento, Asia, 351, 437Bertini, Francesca, 433, 714Carell, Lianella, 435, 439, 485Carrère, Nelly, 433Cavani, Liliana, 435, 439–44, 482, 483,
484, 486, 487, 718Cecchi d’Amico, Suso, 2, 435, 444–50,
453, 454, 483Cecere, Giorgia, 437Ceselli, Daniela, 437, 450–1, 484Colagrande, Giada, 451–2, 484, 486Colautti, Ofelia, 433Comencini, Cristina, 437, 449, 453–5,
462, 466Comencini, Francesca, 449, 453, 455–7,
475, 485Corda, Luciana, 435D’Angara, Vera, 434De Liot, Renée, 433De Canalis, Suzanne, 433Deledda, Grazia, 434Femder, Lara, 436Ferraris, Lina, 433Ferri, Linda, 457–9, 476, 486, 487Filastri, Iaia, 435Fougez, Anna, 434Giorgi, Eleonora, 437, 459Golino, Valeria, 437, 466Gramatica, Irma, 433Infascelli, Fiorella, 459–61, 484, 486Izzo, Simona, 437Jacobini, Maria, 434Leondeff, Doriana, 437, 438, 461–3, 484, 485Malatesta, Gloria, 436, 437, 438, 463–4Manieri, Francesca, 437, 464–5Marciano, Francesca, 436, 437, 465–7,
483, 484, 486Mazzoni, Roberta, 436, 441, 443Melato, Maria, 433
Monti, Adriana, 467Napolitano, Silvia, 436Nicolodi, Daria, 467Notari, Elvira, 433, 468–72, 484, 486, 487Nuccetelli, Maria, 437 Pavignano, Anna, 436, 472–4, 485Pontremoli, Federica, 437, 456, 474–6, 484Ramondino, Fabrizia, 437Randi, Paola, 437Rohrwacher, Alice, 437Sandrelli, Stefania, 437Sbarigia, Claudia, 436, 437, 438, 463–4Schleef, Heidrun, 437, 451, 457, 474–7,
484, 487Serao, Matilde, 434Tognazzi, Maria Sole, 466, 477Torre, Roberta, 437, 476, 478–9Tozzi, Chiara, 436Vitti, Monica, 437Vivanti, Annie, 434Wertmüller, Lina, 435, 465, 479–82,
485, 487, 718
MaltaAnastasi, Rebecca, 490 Azzopardi, Clare, 490Briguglio, Marie, 490Calleja, Sharon, 490Camilleri, Cassi, 490, 491Cremona, Rebecca, 488–9, 490, 491, 492Maslowska, Monika, 490, 492Montesin, Eileen, 490Muller, Angelique, 490, 491Spiteri, Simone, 490
NetherlandsAlonso Casale, Nathalie, 496, 509–10, 513Apon, Annette, 494, 497–9, 513Goos, Maria, 495, 505–6, 513, 514Gorris, Marleen, 495, 499–500, 514Honigmann, Heddy, 495, 502–4, 514Leopold, Nanouk, 496, 508–9Rots, Esther, 496, 510Sinke, Digna, 494, 500–1, 514Van Brakel, Nouchka, 494, 496–7, 515Van der Meulen, Helena, 496, 502, 504–5,
513, 514Van der Oest, Paula, 496, 506–8, 513Van Kooten, Kim, 496, 511–12, 514
NorwayBreien, Anja, 516, 517, 518, 519, 522Carlmar, Edith, 516Løkkeberg, Vibeke, 516, 517, 519–20, 522
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908 Index
Mikkelsen, Laila, 517Straume, Unni, 516, 517, 520–1, 522Ullmann, Liv, 516, 517
PolandAntoniak, Urszula, 525Holland, Agnieszka, 2, 523–4, 525Kedzierzawska, Dorota, 524, 525Roslaniec, Katarzyna, 525Szumowska, Malgorzata, 525
RomaniaAgopian, Ana, 530Anghel, Anastasia, 529Beligan, Marica, 526Boldur, Anda, 526Bostan, Elisabeta, 527Busuioceanu, Eugenia, 526Caraman, Geo, 531Catana , Andreea, 531Chiriacescu-Constantiniu, Melania, 529Constantinescu, Ileana, 530Damian, Anca, 530Eliad, Ioana, 530Farkas, Ecaterina, 527Gra dinariu, Anca, 531Icsari, Aurora, 527Ioachim, Oana, 530Istrate, Vasilica, 527Mesina , Viorica, 526Mueller, Herta, 526Nichitus, Cristina, 529Nicolae, Cristiana, 529, 530Nicolescu, Mara, 530Novak, Loredana, 531Ojog-Brasoveanu, Rodica, 526Olteanu-Matei, Draga, 529Padina, Rodica, 527, 528, 529Pana , Roxana, 526Pistiner, Ada, 530Popescu Doreanu, Paula, 530–1Postelnicu, Ioana, 526Ra suceanu, Oana, 530Robe, Camelia, 529Rugina , Iulia, 530Sadoveanu, Valeria and Profira, 526Sîrbu, Eva, 527, 528, 530Soradi, Loredana Ca lina, 530Ursianu, Malvina, 527, 529, 531–2Voiculescu, Marioara, 526
Serbia and YugoslaviaBalaž, Eva, 536Baletic, Hajdana, 536
Borisavljevic, Stanislava, 535Boškov, Gordana, 536Car, Ana Marija, 534Dirnbach, Zora, 534, 535Filipovic, Frida, 534Flis, Irma, 536Jovanovic, Darinka, 533Jovanovic, Sofija Soja, 534Jovanovic, Soja, 536Kapic, Suada, 536Kostadinovic, Aleksandra, 536Lazic, Mirjana, 536Leskovar, Deana, 535, 536Maksic, Biljana, 536Maric, Marija, 536Marjanovic, Zaga, 536Markovic, Milena, 537Miloš, Maja, 537Pavic, Ljiljana, 535Pejovic, Katarina, 536Ranc ic, Alenka, 535Srbljanovic, Biljana, 536Stojanovic, Svetlana, 536Ugrešic, Dubravka, 534, 535Vojnovic, Vladislava, 537Volk, Maja, 535
SpainBollaín, Icíar, 538, 539–40, 549Coixet, Isabel, 538, 540, 549Mariscal, Ana, 548Miró, Pilar, 540–1París, Inés, 538, 539, 542–8, 549Querejeta, Gracia, 543, 548Salvador, Lola, 541–2
SwedenAhrne, Marianne, 526, 563Alving, Barbro, 556, 564Arrhenius, Karin, 566, 567August, Pernilla, 567Bergman, Stina, 552, 555, 570–3Bernburg, Hanna, 551Berthels, Greta, 552, 554Björlind, Cecilia, 556Bloch, Harriet, 268, 269, 285, 551Broberg, Ragnhild E. Ch., 554Byström, Margaretha, 561Calamnius, Sigrid, 551Colfach, Elsa, 559, 560Cullborg, Majken, 557Dahlgren, Lotten, 552De Geer Bergenstråhle, Marie Louise, 561,
563, 567
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Index 909
Drago, Nathalie, 566Edqvist, Dagmar, 556Ehnmark, Loka, 559Ekström, Margareta, 559Fabik, Teresa, 566Fagerström-Olsson, Agneta, 562, 564Fallenius, Ella, 556Floyd, Yvonne, 560Fredén, Sofia, 566Fredriksson, Anna, 567Gamble, Nita, 560Garpe, Margareta, 563Gottfridsson, Linn, 566Gradvall, Pia, 566, 567Gripe, Maria, 561Hegeler, Inge, 560, 561Heldt, Sara, 562, 564Hellwig, Hilda, 563Herrström, Christina, 566Hoffman-Uddgren, Anna, 550Hollander, Judith, 564Isaksson, Ulla, 557–8, 560, 562Jackert, Cilla, 567Julin, Ester, 551–3, 567–70, Kadefors, Sara, 566Kåge, Ulla, 554, 555Karlsson, Maria, 566, 567Keining, Alexandra-Therese, 567Kleen, Else, 556, 557Koppel, Lena, 567Langseth, Lisa, 567Larsson, Linda, 557Lemhagen, Ella, 567Liewen, Eva, 556Lindblom, Gunnel, 562, 563Linde, Gunnel, 559, 564Lindgren, Astrid, 2, 558–61, 564, 573–5, 577Lindin, Ester, 556Löfhagen, Lovisa, 567Magner, Ingela, 564Maharaj, Grace, 567Mallik, Gita, 564Moberg, Eva, 559Nevander, Malin, 567O’Fredericks, Alice, 269, 270, 271, 554Øberg, Edit, 554Ohlin, Lisa, 562–3, 567Oljelund, Pernilla, 566Olofsson, Christina, 567Osten, Suzanne, 562, 563, 564, 567Peratt, Börje, 567Pichler, Gabriella, 567Prim, Ragnhild, 555Pyk, Antonia, 566, 567
Ramnefalk, Marie-Louise, 559Ray, Lolita, 567 Revenue, Petra, 567Rolfner, Monica, 563Sköld, Hanna, 566Skram Knudsen, Johanne, 551Stenberg, Birgitta, 559–60Stevens, Gösta, 554, 555Svensson, Birgitta, 564Ternström, Solveig, 561Thor, Annika, 566Thulin, Ingrid, 563Trotzig, Birgitta, 559Von Prangen, Agnete, 268, 552Wadell, Sara, 566Wägner, Elin, 550, 554, 556Wulff, Caja, 551Zacharias, Gun, 557Zacharias, Ann, 563Zetterling, Mai, 557, 559–60, 562, 604, 732
SwitzerlandBoss, Sabine, 584Faessler, Lisa, 582Gisinger, Sabine, 584Hesse-Rabinovitch, Isa, 581–2, 585Jaeggi, Danielle, 582Kovach, June, 582Lips-Mattler, Marie, 580Luif, Anna, 584Maillart, Ella, 580Main, Elizabeth, 579Meier, Ursula, 584Mertens, Reni, 580, 581Miéville, Anne-Marie, 583Oberli, Bettina, 584, 585Olesen, Muriel, 582Perincioli, Cristina, 582, 583Pletscher, Marianne, 584Pool, Léa, 583Roy, Tula, 686Simon, Maya, 582Štaka, Andrea, 232, 584Stöcklin, Tania, 583Tamm, Ernette, 579, 580Veuve, Jacqueline, 581–2, 585Waltz, Jeanne, 584Werenfels, Stina, 584
TurkeyArslan, Mizgin Mujde, 587Basarir, Ilksen, 588Esmer, Pelin, 587, 588, 590Kilickiran, Ceyda Asli, 588, 590
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910 Index
Okay, Meral Kati, 588Oraloglu, Lale, 588Özge, Asli, 587–9, 590Sonku, Cahide, 586Soray, Turkan, 586Soylemez, Belmin, 587Ustaoglu, Yesim, 587, 589–90
UKAlleyne, Muriel, 591–2Arnold, Andrea, 283, 609, 670–1, 679Barratt, Lezli Ann, 604Barrie, Evelyn, 596Batchelor, Joy, 648–53Bennett, Margot, 603Blizzard, Helen, 592Box, Muriel, 2, 413, 596, 603, 624–32,
633, 634, 681, 849Bristow, Billie, 592, 677Brunel, Adey, 592Buffini, Moira, 609Burnaby, Anne, 596Carter, Angela, 605Chadha, Gurindar, 70, 606Craigie, Jill, 596, 639–46, 678, 679–82Dane, Clemence, 596–7Deans, Marjorie, 597Delaney, Shelagh, 604, 654–62, 679,
681, 682Dell, Ethel M., 592Drabble, Margaret, 604Dunbar, Andrea, 604, 605Dunn, Nell, 604Dunn, Jan, 609, 667–9, 680, 682English, Jane, 609Fairhurst, Lyn, 603Farnum, Dorothy, 597–8Forster, Margaret, 604Gaffney, Marjorie, 597Gibb, Andrea, 608Glyn, Elinor, 592–3Goldman, Jane, 609Green, Janet, 2, 596, 597, 603, 632–9, 678Gurney, Kate, 593Hardy, Eva, 604Harvey, Lola, 598Hayward, Lydia Elizabeth, 593, 595, 610–19Henry, Joan, 596, 602–3, 604Hepworth, Margaret, 593Isitt, Debbie, 609Kennedy, Margaret, 597, 598, 622, 647La Plante, Lynda, 606MacIntosh, Blanche, 593, 677Meeham, Elizabeth, 598
Mellor, Edith, 593Mellor, Kay, 606Miller, Irene, 593–4Moggach, Deborah, 606Montgomery, Doreen, 598–9, 646–8Morgan, Diana, 599Morgan, Joan, 600Morgan, Abi, 185, 608–9Murillo, Mary, 594Potter, Sally, 153, 604, 609, 662–7, 680, 681Powell, Violet E., 594Prawer Jhabvala, Ruth, 604, 605Ramsay, Lynne, 604, 609, 671–7, 682Ramsey, Alicia, 595 Reville, Alma, 595, 596, 597, 598, 619–24,
752, 760Scott Rogers, Jean, 603Sagay, Misan, 608Shurey, Dinah, 595, 615, 616, 619, 680Sisson, Rosemary Anne, 604–5, 653–4Slovo, Shawn, 607Smith, Sarah, 609Storm, Lesley, 601–2, 677Strueby, Katherine, 600–1Thomas, Heidi, 608Thompson, Emma, 606, 607Thurston, Rita Temple, 595Towhidi, Juliet, 608Turnbull, Margaret, 595, 621Unsell, Eve, 595, 621Zetterling, Mai, 557, 559–60, 562, 604, 732
Part V: North America
CanadaBasen, Leila, 689Bingeman, Alison Lea, 690Cameron, Tassie, 689Chellas, Semi, 689Doron, Anita, 689Elliott Testar, Coralee, 689Esterhazy, Danisha, 689Gendron, Emma, 685Gibson, Rebecca, 689–90Harron, Mary, 686–7, 692MacLean, Alison, 689Marquis, Marguerite, 685Mehta, Deepa, 70, 686, 687–8Polley, Sarah, 686, 688Pool, Lea, 583, 686Rozema, Patricia, 688Schechter, Rebecca, 689Shipman, Nell, 627, 685–6Stopkewich, Lynn, 689
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Index 911
Tatchell, Terri, 690Vardalos, Nia, 690–2Walton, Karen, 689Wheeler, Anne, 688–9
CubaAlmira, Milena, 695, 698Ávila, Ivette, 695Barriga, Susana, 695, 698Castellanos, Adriana F., 695Chávez, Rebeca, 695, 697Fajardo, Arigna, 698Gómez, Sara, 694–7, 699González, Yanelvis, 695Hassan, Heidi, 698Ochoa, Marina, 695, 698Pardo, Yaima, 698Portieles, Vanesa, 695Rodríguez, Jessica, 695Rodríguez Abreu, Alina, 695, 698Rolando, Gloria, 695, 696–8Segura, Mayra, 695Solaya, Marilyn, 695Trujillo, Marisol, 695Vilásis, Mayra, 695
JamaicaBishop-Williams, Audrey, 705–10Chevannes, Amba, 705–9Latchman, Alison, 705–9Perkins, Elaine, 703–4Wells, Mary, 705–9
MexicoAbud, Liliana, 715Cortés, Busi, 715–16Cortes, Carmen, 715Garciadiego, Paz Alicia, 715, 716Garrido, Consuelo, 716Landeta, Matilde, 715, 717–18, 720Novaro, Maria, 718Peñaloza, Beatriz Novara, 718Pérez-Grovas, Cecilia, 715, 716–17, 718Rivera, Carolina, 715Violante, Marcela Fernandez, 715
USAAllen, Jay Presson, 732–3, 750–4,
854, 855Akins, Zoe, 727, 759, 833Anders, Allison, 754–7Anderson, Jane, 733, 757Angelou, Maya, 732Anhalt, Edna, 758
Arzner, Dorothy, 110, 215, 759, 834, 839, 854
Barzman, Norma, 731, 759–60Beecher, Elizabeth, 741Bendinger, Jessica, 762Benedek, Barbara, 760Benson, Sally, 623, 744, 760–1Beranger, Clara, 729, 761–2, 854Bergstein, Eleanor, 762Bertsch, Marguerite, 762–3Bigelow, Kathryn, 182, 733, 763–4,
852, 853Blackton, Marian Constance, 764, 852Borden, Lizzie, 733, 764Bostwick-Singer, Eugenia, 733, 765Brackett, Leigh, 731, 740–1, 765, 849Brown, Rita Mae, 765Buckley, Kristin, 766Burbridge, Betty, 741, 742Caspary, Vera, 731, 744, 766Chapman, Brenda, 733Chester, Lilian Christy, 766Cholodenko, Lisa, 745–50, 766, 780Clarke, Shirley, 732Cody, Diablo, 766–8Coffee, Lenore J., 727, 737, 768–73,
849, 851Collins, Suzanne, 773Comden, Betty, 742, 774Cooper, Olive, 741Coppola, Sofia, 351, 734, 774–6, 851Dash, Julie, 734, 776Davenport, Dorothy, 727Delmar, Vina, 776–7Deutsch, Helen 740, 777DeWolf, Karen, 731, 745, 777Didion, Joan, 777–8, 852Dixon, Leslie, 733, 734, 778–9, 851,
853, 854, 855Drew, Mrs. Sidney, 779–80, 852Dunham, Lena, 745–50, 780, 850, 851, 854Ephron, Delia, 780, 781, 854Ephron, Nora, 86, 349, 733, 758, 781, 853Ephron, Phoebe, 780, 781–3 Fairfax, Marion, 783Fey, Tina, 783–4Fink, Rita M., 784Fisher, Carrie, 784, 852Flagg, Fannie, 784–5, 852Foner, Naomi, 785–6Fox, Dana, 786Frank Jr, Harriet, 786Frings, Ketti, 744Froelich, Anne, 731
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Copyrighted material – 978–1–137–31236–5
912 Index
Gardiner, Becky, 727Gardner, Helen, 787–91, 842Gauntier, Gene, 1, 411, 420–2, 431, 726,
791–3, 849, 852Goodrich, Frances, 742Grant, Susannah, 793Greenwald, Maggie, 734Hammer, Barbara, 732, 851Harrison, Joan, 623, 738–9, 794Hart, Julia, 794Heckerling, Amy, 794–5, 854, 855Henley, Beth, 795Holofcener, Nicole, 734, 795–7, 851, 692Houston, Drusilla Dunjee, 797–8, 851Hovey, Tamara, 731Howell, Dorothy, 727Hunt, Bonnie, 798Jenkins, Patty, 798–9Kanin, Fay, 799–800, 849Katz, Gloria, 800Kavanaugh, Frances, 741Kazan, Zoe, 800Kellogg, Virginia, 744, 800Kerr, Laura, 800, 850Khouri, Callie, 733, 800–1, 852King, Bradley, 801–2, 855Kingsley, Dorothy, 802Lake, Diane, 802Lemmons, Kasi, 734, 802–3Lennart, Isobel, 740, 803Levien, Sonya, 803–4, 833, 851, 854Likke, Nnegest, 734Loden, Barbara, 732Loos, Anita, 15, 114, 727, 729, 804–8, 829,
830, 851, 853, 855Lupino, Ida, 718, 737, 754, 808–17,
853, 855Maas, Frederica Sagor, 834–5Macpherson, Jeanie, 450, 727, 770,
817–19, 824, 850Marion, Frances, 80, 85, 86, 114, 727–9,
818–21, 850, 853Martin, Darnell, 734, 821Mason, Sarah Y., 821–2, 829Mathis, June 80, 114, 822–3, 852, 855Mathison, Melissa, 823May, Elaine, 718, 733, 823–4McCall Jr, Mary C., 744–5, 759, 817, 832McKenna, Aline Brosh, 734 Mecchi, Irene, 733, 824, 848, 849Meredyth, Bess, 818, 824–7Meriwether, Elizabeth, 827Meyers, Nancy, 733, 827–8, 850Miller, Susan, 733
Mumolo, Annie, 828, 848Moncrieff, Karen, 734Murfin, Jane, 828–9Murray, Mae, 727 Myers, Claudia, 726, 829Park, Ida May, 830Park, Lottie Blair, 727Parker, Dorothy, 731, 778, 830–1, 838Parsons, Louella, 727, 761Perelman, Laura, 729Perlman, Nicole, 831Raphael, June Diane, 831Rees, Dee, 832Reichardt, Kelly, 832, 850Reinhardt, Elizabeth, 832Richards, Silvia, 832–3Roberts, Marguerite, 731, 741, 829,
833, 855Robinson, Sally, 733Rose, Ruth, 833Rothman, Stephanie, 732Rouverol, Jean, 833–4Salt, Jennifer, 835Sandler, Susan, 835Savoca, Nancy, 835–6, 852, 855Scafaria, Lorene, 836Schacter, Beth, 836Schiff, Robin, 836–7Schroeder, Doris, 804, 837Scola, Kathryn, 598, 837Selbo, Jule, 837Seros, Alexandra, 838Silver, Amanda, 838Silver, Joan Micklin, 733Slesinger, Tess, 759, 838–9, 849, 854, 855Sloan, Holly Goldberg, 839Spewack, Bella, 743Spheeris, Penelope, 733, 839, 841Stevens, Dana, 734St John, Adela, 728, 829Swicord, Robin, 800, 839–40Taffel, Bess, 731, 840Tewkesbury, Joan, 840Thomas, Anna, 802, 840–1Thomas, Diane, 841Thompson, Caroline, 841, 849Troche, Rose, 841–2Turney, Catherine, 736–8, 842, 855Underhill, Harriete, 842, 850Van Upp, Helen, 842Van Upp, Virginia, 737, 738, 842–3Verducci, Pat, 843Wagner, Jane, 843Ward, Luci, 843
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Copyrighted material – 978–1–137–31236–5
Index 913
Weber, Lois, 1, 326, 594, 726, 783, 820, 837, 844–5
Weiss, Lizzie, 845Wells, Audrey, 845West, Mae, 727, 728, 730, 731, 807,
846–8, 850, 855White, Noni, 733, 766, 848Wiig, Kristen, 828, 848Wilder, Margaret Buell, 743Woolverton, Linda, 733, 841, 848–9
Part VI: South America
ArgentinaBemberg, María Luisa, 859, 865–9Berneri, Anahí, 862Bortnik, Aida, 859, 863–5Carri, Albertina, 860, 861Chen, Verónica, 861Gugliotta, Sandra, 862Guido, Beatriz, 859, 862–3Katz, Ana, 862Marshall, Niní, 859Martel, Lucrecia, 860, 861Meerapfel, Jeanine, 860Murga, Celina, 862Puenzo, Lucía, 861, 864–5Schua, Ana María, 860Silvestre, Susana, 861Stantic, Lita, 859–60, 861, 866
BrazilDe Abreu, Gilda, 871Bengell, Norma, 871Camurati, Carla, 872–3
Lóes, Dilma, 872Magalhães, Ana Maria, 872Muylaert, Anna, 873Santos, Carmen, 870–1Soárez, Elena, 873, 874
ChileCastillo, Carmen, 877–8Del Fierro, Paula, 879, 885–6Fernandez, Josefina, 879Fernandez, Nona, 879Fernández, Patricia Paola ‘Nona’, 879Gaviola, Tatiana, 878–9, 882–3, 887Gómez, Carolina ‘Coca’, 879Mallet, Marilú, 877, 887Rivas, Marialy, 879, 887Rodríguez de la Serna, Rosario, 875Sarmiento, Valeria, 876, 878, 880–2, 887Scherson, Alicia, 879, 884–5Sotomayor, Dominga, 879, 880Vázquez, Angelina, 877Von Bussenius, Gabriela, 875, 887Yankovic, Nieves, 876–7
VenezuelaBenacerraf, Margot, 889–92, 899, 900Cárdenas, Margarita, 896–7, 900Dendiouk, Irina, 899Hoogesteijn, Solveig, 892–4, 899Paez, Gabriela Rivas, 899Paiz, Carolina, 899Rodriguez, Milagro, 899Rondón, Mariana, 897–9, 900Torres, Fina, 893, 894–5, 899, 900Ugas, Martie, 899
Copyrighted material – 978–1–137–31236–5
Copyrighted material – 978–1–137–31236–5