Post on 31-Mar-2015
transcript
COST-IMPACTCosting the impact of demersal fisheries on marine ecosystem processes and biodiversity
Co-ordinator: Dr Mel Austen – m.austen@pml.ac.uk
Webpage: www.cost-impact.org
Contract number: Q5S-2001-00993Start date: 01 December 2001End date: 31 November 2004Duration: 36 months
Primary objectives
to provide advice to decision makers on
1. How demersal fishing impacts the biodiversity of marine benthos and the associated goods and services that they provide
2. How these impacts influence other marine ecosystem processes
3. What the likely values of marine ecosystem goods and services are and how these values are affected by fishing
COST-IMPACT PARTNERS
1. Plymouth Marine Laboratory Dr Melanie Austen UK
2. Ecological Consultancy Services Ltd (EcoServe) Chris Emblow Ireland
3. The Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA) Dr Morten Schaanning Norway
4. School of Ocean Sciences, University of Wales-Bangor, UK (UWB) Dr Mike Kaiser UK 5. Institute of Marine Biology of Crete (IMBC) Dr Chris Smith Greece
6. University of Oslo, Department of Biology, Section of Marine Chemistry and Marine Zoology (UO) Dr Frode Olsgard Norway
7. Fisheries Economics Division – Agricultural Economics Research Institute (LEI) Dr Erik Buisman The Netherlands
8. University of East Anglia (UEA) – The Centre for Social and Economic Research on the Global Environment (CSERGE) Dr Rob Tinch UK
9. PRIMER-E (PRIMER-E) Dr Bob Clarke UK
10. Sea Fisheries Institute (SFI) Dr Aleksander Drgas Poland
11. University of Gdansk Institute of Oceanography, (UG) Dr Jerzy Bolalek Poland
EU Framework 5
Cost-ImpactCost-Impact: : Costing the impact of Costing the impact of demersal fishing on marine ecosystem demersal fishing on marine ecosystem processes and biodiversityprocesses and biodiversity
Types and amounts of demersal fishing
Changes in PP and ecosystem processes
(ERSEM)
Changes in value of system goods and services
Changes in benthic biodiversity
Changes in nutrient cycling
Development of Decision Support System
• By enabling development of strategies to manage fisheries effort that will balance the environmental impact on marine benthic biodiversity and the services the benthos provides for marine ecosystem functioning against the socio-economic benefits of fishing
• By providing tools to help determine whether a balance can be achieved between the economic value of a fishery and the impacts of fishing on marine ecosystems and the economic value of the goods and services they provide
COST-IMPACT will help managers to integrate fishing policy with environment policy
WP2
Data organisation
WP4
Ecologicalmodelling
WP3
Experiments on goods and
services
WP5
Environmentaleconomics
WP8
Annual workshop
WP9
Final workshop
WP6
Project management
WP7
Dissemination
WP1
Start up workshop
COST-IMPACT - project structure
Collate existing data on the effects of demersal fishing on benthic communities inhabiting marine soft sediments
Produce database of spatially referenced faunal information, upon which models and analyses may be based
WP 2 Data Organisation
EcoServe, PML, UWB, IMBC, UO, PRIMER-E
WP3 Experiments on goods and services provided by biodiversityPML, NIVA, IMBC, UO, PRIMER-E
The relative contribution of large individual benthic organisms and the communities associated with them to nutrient cycling
The influence of large individuals and groups/patches of large benthic organisms on associated benthic biodiversity
The relationship between nutrient cycling capacity and biodiversity of benthic communities in areas subjected to different degrees of fishing
How these functions vary seasonally
Carry out seasonal (winter and summer) mesocosm and field experiments to elucidate:
Mesocosm experiment to determine effects of biodiversity of bioturbating species on ecosystem functioning: nutrient exchange
and maintenance of associated biodiversity
Norway - Oslofjord
ROV and Operators
Control (untrawled) Trawled
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
AC AT
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
BC BT
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
CC CT
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
DC DT
Nu
mb
er o
f h
oles
/m2
Study area
Core samples were collected in trawled and untrawled areas to determine nutrient flux over 3 weeks in mesocosm
Iraklion BayIraklion Bay
Aegean Sampling Sites
Side cameraSide camera Side scanSide scan
Side scan and Video Acquisition
Side scan & video
NutrientFlux
NutrientFlux
BioturbationEffects
BioturbationEffects
Cost-Impact in the Aegean
WP 4 Ecological modelling of the effects of fishing on marine ecosystems IMBC, PML, UWB, UO, PRIMER-E
Use field data collated in database (WP2) to determine the relationship between fishing effort and biodiversity of benthic communities
Hence construct empirically based predictive models of changes in benthic biodiversity likely to occur with changes in fishing effort in different European regions
Model effects of fishing on marine benthic communities and marine ecosystem processes:
Incorporate experimental data (WP3) into models to construct empirically based predictive models of changes in nutrient cycling likely to take place with changes in fishing effort in different European regions
WP 4 Ecological modelling of the effects of fishing on marine ecosystems
Model effects of fishing on marine benthic communities and marine ecosystem processes (continued):
Input predictions from models of the effects of fishing on nutrient cycling and benthic biodiversity into the European Regional Seas Ecosystem Model ERSEM
Hence construct predictions of changes in ecosystem processes (e.g. primary productivity) in response to changes in fishing effort for different European regions for which parameters are already set within ERSEM (e.g. southern North Sea, Aegean, Norwegian waters)
BioturbationEffects
NutrientFlux
Existing DataBiological
Existing DataChemical
Existing DataPhysical
EnvironmentalEconomics
EcologicalModelling
ERSEMModel
Cost-Impact in the Aegean
WP 5 Environmental Economics modellingUEA, PML, IMBC, LEI
€ Explore methods for economic valuation of fishery productivity and other ecosystem services
€ Build on the outputs of workpackages 2, 3 and 4 to model effects of different fishing regimes on fishery
productivity and other ecosystem services calculate, where possible, the economic value of
these effects conduct a constrained cost benefit analysis of
different fishing regimes€ Develop a decision support tool for incorporating
trade-offs between fishing effort and ecosystem services within management
Model the costs/benefits of changes in fishing on the value of ecosystem services and natural capital:
WP 7 Distribution and dissemination of information to user groupsEcoServe, IMBC, UO, UEA
Distribute and disseminate information concerning the project to a wide range of interested parties and end users
Co-ordination of the Reference User group
All project participants and the Reference User group will attend two workshops additional to the Start up workshop.
Project results and progress will be disseminated via the project web site, electronic newsletters and a listserver discussion group
comprises potential users of COST-IMPACT’s final outputs from both commercial and government sectors, (fisheries and aquaculture management, nature conservation)
advise on the relevance and user-friendliness of the research
advise on dissemination procedures to ensure that results from COST-IMPACT reach potential end users
Reference User Group (RUG)
WP6 Project Management
Coordinator Mel Austen PML (WP3, WP6)
Steering CommitteeMike Kendall PML (WP1)Chris Emblow ECOSERVE (WP2)Yannis Karakassis IMBC (WP4)Kerry Turner/Rob Finch CSERGE (WP5)Chris Smith IMBC (WP8)Mona McCrea ECOSERVE (WP9)Michel Kaiser UWBMorten Schaanning NIVAFrode Olsgard UOSLOErik Buisman LEI-DLOBob Clarke PRIMER-E
WP1Start up
workshopM. Kendall PML
WP2Data organisation
C. Emblow ECOSERVE(M. Kaiser UWB)
WP4Modelling
Y. Karakassis IMBC(K. Clarke PRIMER-E)
WP3Experiments on goods
M. Austen PML(M. Schaanning NIVA)
WP5Environmental economics
K. Turner CSERGE(E. Buisman LEI-DLO)
WP8Annual workshop
C. Smith IMBC
WP9Final workshop
M. McCrea ECOSERVE
WP6Project management
M.Austen PML(M.Kendall PML)
WP7Dissemination
C.Emblow ECOSERVE(R.Tinch CSERGE)