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11 May 2009 IBBTWRC-07 Workshop 1
COGNITIVE AND SOFTWARE DEFINED RADIO
at WRC -07 and -11
by Chris van Diepenbeek
Radiocommunications Agency of The Netherlands
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ITU and WRC
What is ITU Why a WRC Data and mechanics Decision Process Non-radio Problems
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The International Telecommunication Union
UN Organisation in Geneva (1947) 191 Members (Administrations) 700 Sector Members (Operators,
Int. Organisations, Industry) Nearly 145 years old (17-05-1865) Worldwide harmonisation of,
co-operation in, and development of telecommunications
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Radio Regulations (RR’s)
ITU activities are based on an international treaty ( Constitution and Convention)
Binding Complementary parts: Radio Regulations International Telecommunications
Regulations Radio Regulations have treaty status
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Objectives of RR’s
Promote international co-operation for improvement of telecommunications of all kind: Allocation of spectrum Orbital Positions Allotments of frequencies Registration of Assignments both for
Terrestrial and Space Services
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RR’s: to avoid problems
Radio Regulations concern relations between countries
If no risk for interference, no need, but Radio waves don’t stop at borders One has to co-ordinate orbital positions, and Trade is international, and There is a need for common language
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RR’s: to enjoy benefits
Worldwide use, e.g. Maritime Harmonisation, e.g. IMT Common sharing criteria, e.g. UWB Common protection criteria, e.g. Passive
Services Common procedures, e.g. Satellites Common approach to new technology,
e.g. BWA or CR
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Some Data
2500 delegates 150 countries, 50 observers 6 Languages About 400 documents WRC-03: 30.000.000 copies
Now mostly electronic doc’s Plenary, Committee, Working Group, Drafting
Group 4 weeks, in general in Geneva
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7 Committees
1: Steering 2: Credentials 3: Budget 4, 5 and 6: On Substance
Each of these creates Working Groups 7: Editorial
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Negotiation process The formal process
The formal process is strictly hierarchical
Plenary
Committee
WG
DG
WG
DG
Committee
Plenary
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The informal process
Stamina: lengthy negotiation process, late night sessions
An informal process may exist in making a deal: including an issue not for ITU on issues covered by the agenda
Package deal: We give you a bit more on this item, and you get a bit less of that one !
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Some Non-technical problems
Palestine / Israel Cuba / USA State monopoly / private industry Poor / rich Culture Conservative / innovative Cost of technology /cost of labour International or national only Broadcast
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Preparing a WRC
6 Regional Organisations: CEPT (Europe) RCC (ex Sovjet) CITEL (N + S America) APT (Asia) League of ARAB States ATU (Africa)
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Agenda setting: Criteria
Worldwide or regional character Need for changes in the RR Required Studies should be completed Resources required should remain
manageable Not yet at two successive preceding
conferences
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Agenda setting: Proposals
Some standard items + CEPT 22 Arab States 15 CITEL ≈ 14 RCC ≈ 10 USA ≈ 21 Many proposals from individual admin.’s Much common, but still large variety
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CEPT: 1.17: to consider spectrum requirements and a global allocation to support cognitive radio systems in the context of heterogeneous radio networks environment, based on the results of ITU-R studies, in accordance with Resolution [EUR/10A25/12] (WRC-07)
ARAB: 1.10: to consider spectrum requirements and global allocation to support cognitive radio systems and/or radio software systems based on results of ITU-R studies
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To Negotiate
On support, and priority On text of Agenda Item and Resolution
CEPT : SDR in ITU-R Recommendations ARAB: SDR in Agenda, or no agenda
item
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Interim result
To consider spectrum related matters and regulatory measures to enable the introduction of cognitive radio systems and/or self configuring / software defined radio networks, based upon the results of ITU-R studies, in accordance with Resolution [EUR/10A25/12] (WRC-07)
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Result WRC-11 Agenda item 1.19: To consider
regulatory measures and their relevance, in order to enable the introduction of software defined radio and cognitive radio systems based upon the results of ITU-R studies, in accordance with Resolution 956 (WRC-07)
Support by CEPT, ARAB, RCC Neutral: Africa No support from APT, US, Can and Aus: can be done in SGs
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Resolution 956 (WRC-07)
resolves to invite ITU-R 1) to study whether there is a need for regulatory
measures related to the application of cognitive radio system technologies;
2) to study whether there is a need for regulatory measures related to the application of software-defined radio,
resolves further that WRC-11 considers the results of these studies and takes the appropriate actions.
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At ITU-R level – Working Party 1B of Study Group 1 Concerned groups: SG3, SG4,
SG5, SG6, SG7
At CEPT level – CPG PTA
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CEPT will actively contribute to regulatory studies within the ITU-R to investigate this issue before defining any position on this Agenda Item.
Software-defined radio and cognitive radio system are not radio services as listed in Article 1 of the Radio Regulations.
Software-defined radio and cognitive radio system may be operated under any radio services.
Europe is of the view that frequencies or frequency bands (tuning range) for specific applications can be harmonised regionally by regional telecommunications organizations or on world wide basis in ITU-R Recommendations.
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1) SDR and CRS are technologies that may allow more efficient use of the spectrum by any number of radiocommunications but are not radiocommunication services; such in accordance with RR No. 1.16; allocations are made only to radiocommunication services or the radio astronomy service;
2) SDR and CRS are two capabilities related to equipment which can be combined.
3) Comments from concerned groups.
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WP 1B: Definition SDR
A radio in which the RF parameters including, but not limited to, frequency range, modulation type, or output power can be set or altered by software, and/or the technique by which this is achieved.
NOTE 1 – Excludes changes to operating parameters which occur during normal pre‑installed and predetermined operation of a radio according to a system specification or standard.
NOTE 2 – SDR is implementation technique applicable to many technologies and standards.
NOTE 3 – SDR techniques are applicable to both transmitter and receivers.”
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WP 1B: Definition CRS (1) A radio system that has the capabilities:
– to obtain the knowledge of radio operational environment and established policies and to monitor usage patterns and users’ needs;
– to dynamically and autonomously adjust its operational parameters and protocols according to this knowledge in order to achieve predefined objectives, e.g. more efficient utilization of spectrum, and
– to learn from the results of its actions in order to further improve its performance.
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WP 1B: Definition CRS (2) NOTE 1 – Radio operational environment
encompasses radio and geographical environments, and internal states of the Cognitive Radio System.
NOTE 2 – To obtain knowledge encompasses, for instance, by sensing the spectrum, by using knowledge data base, by user collaboration, or by broadcasting and receiving of control information.
NOTE 3 – Cognitive Radio System comprises a set of entities able to communicate with each other (e.g. network and terminal entities and management entities).”
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1) Analyse submitted contributions; 2) Review the studies and responses received from WP
5A and other relevant Study Groups and Working Parties;
3) Continue discussions on any potential regulatory implications, after identifying the regulatory issues and list of possible options for regulatory measures related to the introduction of SDR and CRS;
4) Develop potential pros and cons of options in the draft CPM text;
5) Develop draft CPM text
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Milestones 4th WP 1B meeting [spring 2010]: Finalize draft CPM
text before the deadline for its submission to the CPM Chapter Rapporteur;
16 July 2010 : Submission of draft CPM text to the CPM Chapter Rapporteur
21 July 2010: Submission of draft CPM text to BR Secretariat
8 October 2010: Extracts from Draft CPM Report to Special Committee
31 January 2011: Special Committee report to CPM-11 14 – 25 February 2011: CPM-11-2 [24 Oct. – 18 Nov. 2011 or 3 – 28 Oct. 2011]: WRC-11
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1 cognitive supporting pilot channel No further details/ proposals have been
made for a CPC 2 database model
Is that an ITU task, or the operators task 3 white space model
may be a provision like: no interference, no protection
4 Probably a text to postpone the issue to WRC-15 ?
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Thank you