Post on 20-Jan-2016
transcript
Cultural DiversityLaw Enforcement I
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Cultural Diversity
Cultural Diversity –differences in age, ethnic heritage, gender, physical ability/qualities, and sexual orientation
Cultural Diversity – Tips for communicating with cultural awareness Video
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Key Terms
Culture: an integrated pattern of learned human behavior traits including thoughts, communication, actions, beliefs, and values; the institutions of an ethnic, religious, or social group; a body of learned beliefs, traditions, principles, and guides for behavior that are shared among members of a particular group
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Key Terms (continued)
Ethnicity: sharing a strong sense of identity with a particular religious, racial, or social group
Race: a biological concept that defines groups of human beings based on a set of genetic characteristics 5
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Key Terms (continued)
Cultural sensitivity: the ability to be open to learning about and acceptance of different cultural groups
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Key Terms (continued)
Racism: a belief that racial differences produce an inherent superiority in a particular race
Stereotypes: a generalization of characteristics that is applied to all members of a cultural group
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Key Terms (continued)
Internalized oppression: a subconscious belief in negative stereotypes about a group that results in an attempt to fulfill those stereotypes and a projection of those stereotypes onto the members of that group
Heterosexism: a belief in the inherent superiority of heterosexuality over all other patterns and thereby the right to dominance
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Key Terms (continued)
Discrimination: to make a difference in treatment on a basis other than individual character
Prejudice: an attitude, opinion, or feeling formed without adequate prior knowledge, thought, or reason
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Key Terms (continued)
Multiculturalism: the recognition and acknowledgement that society is pluralistic. In addition to the dominant culture, there are many other cultures based around ethnicity, sexual orientation, geography, religion, gender, and class
Ethnocentrism: to judge other cultures by the standards of one’s own, and beyond that, to see one’s own standards as the true universal way and the other culture in a negative way
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Key Terms (continued)
Sexism: the belief in the inherent superiority of one sex (gender) over the other and thereby the right to dominance
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Dimensions of Culture
Primary Dimensions – there are five dimensions that form the core of cultural identity. Social scientists believe that NONE of these dimensions can be changed. AgeGenderPhysical abilities/qualitiesRaceSexual orientation
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Dimensions of Culture (continued)
Secondary Dimensions of culture can be alteredEducational backgroundGeographic locationIncomeMarital statusParental statusReligious beliefsWork experience
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Theories of Prejudice
Cultural Transmission TheoryStereotypes and social distance
Children are taught stereotypesSocial distance: the desired distance
that their group sets on contact with other groups. Social distance begins when certain traits are identified as “good” or “bad” and then linked with stereotypes or particular groups
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Theories of Prejudice (continued)
Personality TheoryFrustration and aggression
Asserts that social frustration caused by struggles for power within society causes aggression by members of one social group against members of another group
Social scapegoat: lower level of power structure
Cognitive dissonance: thoughts (social/moral) that sharply conflict with each other 15
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Theories of Prejudice (continued)
Group Identification TheoryEthnocentrism causes people to
gather in groups that view outside groups as different and inferiorStrong communities through familial
and social ties based on intimacyEthnocentrism causes prejudice
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Theories of Discrimination
How can discrimination cause prejudice? Children learn to discriminate
before they learn to be prejudicedPreexisting discrimination can
create a “vicious circle” of discrimination
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Theories of Discrimination (continued)
Situational Pressure TheoryPeople’s actions under pressure in
particular situations do not always match their professed beliefs and attitudes
The gap between belief and action is called creed/deed discrepancy
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Theories of Discrimination (continued)
Group Gains TheoryDominant social groups
discriminate against subordinate groups because the individual members of the dominant groups enjoy concrete gain as a result
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Theories of Discrimination (continued)
Institutional Structure TheorySteady decline in the living
standards of racial and ethnic minorities
Shame combined with prejudice results in discrimination
Segregated schools/neighborhoods emerge
Built into the structure of society
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Culture vs. Subculture
Culture: the sum total of the learned behavioral traits, values, beliefs, language, laws, and technology characteristics of the members of a particular society
Cultural relativity: belief that no culture can be judged by the standards of another and that every culture must be approached on its own terms
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Culture vs. Subculture (continued)
Subcultures: small groups of people within a society whose values differ from those of the majority
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Culture vs. Subculture (continued)
Counter-Culture: made of subcultures that sharply challenge and reject some of the norms and expectations of the dominant culture
Contracultures: social groups that have developed values and models of behaviors which are in continual conflict with prevailing culture 23
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Resources North Texas Council of Governments (Cultural Sensitivity Course)
http://www.nctcog.org/ Texas Commission on Law Enforcement Officer Standards and Education
(TCLEOSE) http://www.tcleose.state.tx.us/ Arlington Police Academy
http://www.arlingtonpd.org/index.asp?nextpg=academy/default.htm 0887441858, Nature of Communication Disorders in Culturally and
Linguistically Diverse Populations, O.L. Taylor, San Diego, CA: College-Hill Press, 1986
Do an Internet search for the following: 80's Trailers - "The Breakfast Club" (1985)
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