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CUNEIFORM TEXTS

BABYLONIAN TABLETS, &c.,IN THE

BRITISH MUSEUM.

PART XIII.

(50 Plates.)

PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES.

SOLD AT THE BRITISH MUSEUM;AND AT

LONGMANS & Co., 39, PATERNOSTER ROW;

BERNARD QUARITCH, i5, PICCADILLY;

ASHER & Co., 13, BEDFORD STREET, COVENT GARDEN;

KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUBNER & Co., PATERNOSTER HOUSE, CHARING CROSS ROAI)

HENRY FROWDE, OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS, AMEN CORNER,

LONDON.

[ALL RIGHTS RESER VED.]

LONDON:

HARRISON AND SONS,

PRINTERS IN ORDINARY TO HER LATE MAJESTY,

ST. MARTIN'S LANE.

Part XIII. of" Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets, &c.," contains textsfrom fifty-three baked clay tablets and fragments of the Kouyunjik and othercollections. The texts are mythological legends and may be divided into thefollowing classes:-

(i.) Texts belonging to the Creation series styled by the Assyrians " ENUMA

ELISH," "When in the height," from the ,two opening words of the firsttablet of the series. The poem describes the birth of the gods, the battleof the god Marduk with the monster Tiamat, and the creation of the worldby Marduk.

(2.) Miscellaneous Legends of the Creation. Under this heading are given asecond version of the battle with the Dragon, the text of a tablet referringto the creation of beasts, and a completely different version of the narrativeof the creation, in which no contest with a dragon is mentioned.

(3.) Legends of early Babylonian kings. The legends form a distinct class andinclude texts relating to Sargon, king of Agade, about B.c. 3800, and hisson Naram-Sin, about B.c. 3750; Dungi, king of Ur, about B.c. 2500;Libit-Ishtar, king of Isin, about B.c. 2300; Khammurabi, king of Babylon,about B.c. 2200; and Nebuchadnezzar I., king of Babylon, about B.C.I I20.

In the following Plates an attempt has been made to place in the hands ofstudents the whole of the Babylonian and Assyrian material preserved in the BritishMuseum relating to two important groups of legends concerning the creation of theworld and the mythical origins and deeds of some of the earliest and most famouskings of Mesopotamia. The true character of the texts inscribed upon the larger andmore clearly written Assyrian fragments containing the principal legend of theCreation was recognized by the late General Sir H. C. Rawlinson, Bart., G.C.B., asfar back as 1865, but it was not till some ten years later that the late Mr. GeorgeSmith published translations of a selection of them with brief remarks, in which hepointed out the resemblance between certain portions of the legend and passages inthe early chapters of the Book of Genesis (see Chaldean Genesis, London, I876;and Transaclions of the Society of Biblical Archeology, Vol. IV., I876). Sincethat time the fragments published by Mr. George Smith have been frequentlyexamined and commented on by Assyriologists, and several renderings of them haveappeared in English, French and German; but no collected edition of the cuneiformtexts has hitherto been made. In the present work will be found copies of arelatively large number of Creation fragments, the texts of which have remainedunpublished; among those of special interest is No 38,396 (see Plate 4), whichsupplies a large portion of the missing text of the Second Creation Tablet. An

important unnumbered fragment of a duplicate text of the last tablet of the Creation

Series, which was used by Mr. George Smith in the preparation of his published

copy referred to above, was after his death lost sight of for about twenty-five years;

during the re-examination of the collections, however, in the year I900, it was

identified, and it now bears the number K. 9267 (see Plate 28).

The legends of early Babylonian kings given on Plates 44-50 are here

published for the first time.

The copies have been made by Mr. L. W. King, M.A., Assistant in the

Department.

E. A. WALLIS BUDGE.

DEPARTMENT OF EGYPTIAN AND ASSYRIAN ANTIQUITIES,

BRITISH MUSEUM.

MAY ITTH, I901.

CONTENTS.

Plates.I. The Series of Tablets called by the Assyrians "ENUMA ELISH," describing the

Creation of the World:-

I. Tablet I. [K. 5419C, No. 93,015 (82-7-I4, 402), 81-7-27, 80, and K. 3938].

The first Tablet describes the time when the heavens and the earth were

not, and when the primeval water-gods, Apsu and Tiamat, alone existed;

subsequently the great gods were created, and Apsu and Tiamat revolted

against them. The Tablet ends with an account of the monsters which

Tiamat created to help her in the fight with the gods ... ... ... ... I-3

2. Tablet II. [No. 38,396, K. 4832, 79-7-8, I78, and K. 292].

The second Tablet records how Anshar sent Anu to appease Tiamat, but

he met with no success. Whereupon Anshar appealed to his son Marduk to

fight Tiamat on behalf of the gods and to slay her. Marduk consented to do

so, and requested that the gods should be summoned to ratify his appointment

as their champion .............. ... ... 4-6

3. Tablet III. [K. 3473 + 79-7-8, 296 - R. 615, K. 6650, No. 93,0I7 (88-4-19, I3),

K. 8575, K. 8,524, 83-1-18, 2116, 83-I-I8, 1868, and 82-9-18, I403].

The third Tablet tells how Anshar sent Gaga his minister to summon

Lakhmu and Lakhamu and the other gods to an assembly. The gods met in

Upshukkinaku, their council chamber, where they feasted at a banquet inhonour of Marduk .... .. ... ... ... .. . .. ...... 7- I 3

4. Tablet IV. [No. 93,016 (82-9-I8, 3737), K. 3437 + R. 641, R. 2, 83, No. 93,051,

79-7-8, 251, K. 5420c].

The fourth Tablet contains an account of the election of Marduk to be

the champion of the gods, who conferred supreme power upon him ; Marduk

tested the magical powers which had been given to him by making a

garment to disappear and reappear. He then armed himself for the fight andset out in his chariot, accompanied by the winds which he had created. Heslew Tiamat and routed her followers, and after the battle he cut her body inhalves, with one of which he covered the heavens .... ... ... . 4-2

Tablet V.-[K. 3567 K 588, K. 8526, and K. 3449a].

The fifth Tablet records the creation of the stars by Marduk, the

stablishing of the year, and the appointment of the Moon to determine the

days . ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. 22-23

6. Miscellaneous Fragments.-[K. 14,949, K. I2,ooob, K. 3445 + R. 396, K. 8522and K. 9267].

It is uncertain how many Tablets, or numbered sections, the Creation

Series contained. Under this section are given the texts of a number offragments which most probably belong to the Series; thus K. 8522 and its

duplicate K. 9267 are no doubt parts of the last Tablet of the Series, and they

contain a number of addresses to the god Marduk in his character of

champion of the gods and creator of the world. The text ends with anepilogue which enjoins the study of the poem and promises prosperity to

those who make known to others its contents- ... ... .. ...... 24-28

Plates

7. [K. 3364, K. 7067, K. 10,79I, K. 8572, K. I I,048, K. 2,00ooc, R. 982+80-7-18, 178,

and S. 747.]

In this section are given the texts of a number of tablets, which on

insufficient evidence have been assigned to the Creation Series. S. 747 seems

to be part of an Assyrian Commentary to the last Tablet of the Series ... 29-32

II. Other Creation Legends:-

I. Another version of the battle with the dragon. In this account the fight does

not precede the creation of the world, and details are given as to the dragon's

size [R. 282]... ... ... ... ... ... ........ 33-34

2. An account of the creation of the beasts of the field and of the cattle of the

field [D.T. 41] ... . ..... ... .. . .... 34

3. An account of the creation of the world by Marduk and the goddess Aruru.

The text is written both in Sumerian and Babylonian [82-5-22, 048] ... 35-38

III. Legends of Early Kings:-

I. Legend of an ancient king of Cuthah [K. 5418a and K. 5640] ... ... ... 39-4I

2. Legend of Sargon, king of Agade [K. 3401 + S. 2II8, K. 4470, and No. 47,449] 42-43

3. Legend of Naram-Sin, the son of Sargon [S [-2-4, 219] ... ... ...... 44

4. Legend referring to Dungi, king of Ur [K. 8508] ... ... ... .... 45

5. Legend referring to Libit-Ishtar, king of Isin [K. 2973] ... ... ... ... 45

6. Legend referring to Khammurabi, king of Babylon [lu. 9I-5-9, 221] .. *- 46-47

7. Legend of Nebuchadnezzar I., king of Babylon [K. 3426] ... ... 48

i. Legends of early kings [K. 454I and K. 7861] ... . ... ... ... 49-50

CREATION SERIES, TABLET I.

K. 5419,c.

OBVERSE.

fr~4YQ ~~t~B~p~i~wi ~ q~~~~~p~~~~~~~-p~~~~~~~~~~~g~~~~~~~~~~~i 5

10 WIF -ffvk( IV-9 -f< V q~ or W7

A-- Z:-" u. i k eLe 6 tk^ Re-el " w -4-.of tte, C14K^fr. ca-eoio-.

No. 93,015 [82-7-14,402.]OBVERSE:

"k 1-44~ I~tL T$ ' 54~·

V" ~ ~ ~

~~Vf 1~ ~ ~~ ~ [I ROKEN SUR'FACE]

FL .d'.. A7~~~~~~~~~~~~~~·..~

w'·- P ~ ~ ·; IVX.~::X,!:~~

\. \ot my lz.-Wet<We; <ete.3.

PLATaE 11,

CREATION SERIES, TABLET I. PLATE 2,

uncoSr

CREATION SERIES, TABLET I. PLATE 3.

OBVERSE.K. 3938.

No. 93,015 [82-7-14,402.]REVERSE.

1. le. CtLftd 4 Ku) ce.. a- L; c. &-,t A1 o.1 lt4-4j.Z

REVERSE.

PLATE 4.CREATION SERIES, TABLET II.

No. 38,396.OBVERSE.

DF WET < eft< w^ w^-^^ ^-<im^^[{=F f

. f S? tat~ ^^r~ iK e~p e A_ . .

A^tf tS~gr ^^ ^-^E wR .

-.i?' e'^*: [ -A ' '

fc *f^^O »- K EEE

REVERSE.

:.F K ^fn m-« - 01 vm S <w +e "r 'E m, t vv[® ..<gXf ... - [] [a0 ......r i " IO t.

'^ a <? t^^^<wrw^wtCrgE E rtffff^^ ̂ ^

^ %, ^r <f^^< ^-^K .m~~~~~~~~~~~~r ^ ^ I4-1\ iiS4 < ̂ $W^>< ^ St ^^ W\ W ̂ ,t).4 R^, ,^ W fWW S>S T ~ E tX

\ · i i~.~.~. ^.b.,.. [ . .~ i~ ~z~, :-.

Jte.. 77,e Reet€ of ti tUk ett- lteot&e L a. -,Ci~zdLeka Ltian. of tke t.Xtqof Taudetz, "ZcU n.-t k,, from ote' ° -~L-. 7te, ^L o Keu A t^ Of ., ~txs cftt"-fvYOm. t^ c<Wot€*cwAeznce&":U -Sh 4e^ of Wee en$ of^" vd ^ K.4832 (Oet

~h-S); z Te. f-.llw-'ma - Q : - ta ta c tr< z t, ,[ o : of k. t e, :[... . -. J . . . . .. . . 7 ~ . . ,[ . . . . * JM,: -,, f.t /3 - t~i -[ " '] [ .. * . ~ * J~ t' e o-.- ~ d[.. - . _ .- -to_ 1- - <J r ' .".. . ...?' .:. , J ,-.

t @ , , , ] stt , v , , J5k , "L

-. _ v m. ._. . . . .z.. v .. ,7. .v. . .4... .. . ... ... . t ' U. . 4 4 mtat- tc/.- , ,t- *ma.^i ntu.-'haa'/a^ - H

s, W ^-Su^ "T^ .~'~x.'~,,,,~,. h -.t:- U,,.L, 4, I. 4[.. . * * @(V)-i, ^>r ,t:- {;.- e* v [. . * * *J tS ti ( 4^o^^-c tt^^

t. . . * * * * J e nv-% -wk- ka -LZ - . . * * .U J4 c< ^S 1, at UZC

; iL c^-^ Lt-^m <a.H- (l-?7to-tuow. a.- ^ - ^ ^vcC d . eok I t t *4hIA /S < fA^it. -t-- it-t^_.Z-' dn-^ A -^ ^i*&t<U w d ^ x e^/ia

t<; - ttA. 2-mA tn-S--ttAn ^^- ^-t A. da-f <tl - , 6 U <.^a^ ^ ^ ^ ^

[iK 4C- --- a A-^-. t--^ ti t-^-(-- to ^^ ^ ^ ^ aa Gf..>a,>.oGL-[-@v 4. ^x 4w+ i. M t -. 4ry- A - ^ - ,aM l^^k"d it-- &+', 4

[o .~ uio-^- tx .- a. a & t^ W- - t- wo 9 > |, &t2 ^do 5 + ̂ ^ L<f ^ ^.L-~~~~~~~~~~" ,,- Q t - ;b'-sL ,ik9nocMA4y

tdh-£«.««/-1^-^ ^- *^-o^- a- Xa? b -t it

- k. l t , Ct^ d fi

[<1. fA k-, >.c .^ Ki- ?tto-C-ILka, & 4, t 'I- A TL ?

L', T cayt v [.t. s,-fz-t Qa t&4..-6^-alskjee' ... Tat-t} '7_n a- k , xk~eek.o[. . .3-7tLL-u LV*' «- '- ^ -a

T- * .] .^/ < 81 ^ <. L COQ;

* ki - ' JL T .- au-k of rk-&.-^ ct-,l tkt- "t t, S f s 46f t[. . . J-»4-i u< -di ̂ tE. <- t - ^*" "I .* . ]**t orcz

<6. teea}

A; -T a -^ s^I k-^^-4- @-fc' "7^e^^reA5H^^w<^(^ 4te^'a^^^

t lfi,; ee 2, Y 3. W.tTA 4.Vn^. v . k. D+. Lt , 6. Y.A,. a.C ut'u7

oust>'. 9. ^fdO. X~h-tvk. to. V=.,.t. i3. , ta. o.. l.$e, oft ff^ t i ^te,- -

. *Evu a^^ a^p^ ^w<(:-r .....................-k 3 .3e.-c--k>; uYht)[..................... -J;^^ k:i :

(i;^ at [sv f^ . ,*s v t ^e -u ^--a of (^ta^, < 4+ek* 9 f ^ ^8k -) 3t4^

i , Of¢4 c A x - kvo L+ ,t6J- fa41, tJ O e (t < tt r f< ? t. - A- x , ^ < a

s<^ *Ce M ww *\ 'U~ hr Itj '5^< 'J^~

CREATION SERIES, TABLET II.

K. 4832. REVERSE.

Cr"[BaROKE SURIFACE] ~ .^;\;t^

\ - '- ... w t

\ '® ...'- S

\ ';;i? -- ^tr\ ir- i

\ i ^^^a-

E X f < t^- - br F.- w ^

Tt~~r ^r ^ i r

\-< m;T .' < t.<<?f.+...^ .^ mf f .

^v [}JROKEN SURFACE] /

.'\"' ' '

�::··:·�·,��·r·' ��t·':..''';'s' r�:: ::!:· v

i.ili ·:1 ·ii· ·.2-

:·:···`..;="::· .·. jii ·:·· r, ·r.·_'· : C1· .Sr- ·��'' �

r;':'· c·;·��·�: '··�··':·· �··��r ··�(·�··:':rl- b�t�I�:�· _··�;·(·� �\· ····.(,I P----------�t�P�i :·� · ��,\· : : 3'··,. t =.,·I`-'·: � b�f·�· /�,·�··�= �f�--8 � �s gi:`··Ii'··'.-.. ·..: ·1:·I.··.\··

�··.�-..)· .. ····I·. '�· : · �-�- �A�IEE� gpA

P�pc�----- pf�--�i�YYIII I·1Y5:·:;�·:·'

�l;liOliEh' SUI(F.nCE] 1'

,··��t-F� �'� ·:·.·'.'·;: ·,�, t� aSe �be�--�·�·1 :�e a��9�1:·. :

..··,,',;·'1 · p�ipp�--- tt��B�P·::�.T

··�ti�·, �·VV--L P-4� "B�s·

;;i��':·� �r4·pgj�rY

·prL^-TT'W . .< :

4Ar= .?^ff

*· .LV"11.. NIV.'.' ·- -

OBVERSE.

PLATE 5.

. . .. . I .- -

I Y- -b-:pp(

~~~~~Wp Bf 3' <e pI

T I 0,0 r K .rtcyvI ~rPi ~P ~PEP

-",~- - _ I R l' , ro !.X

CREATION SERIES, TABLET II.79-7-8, 178.

OBVERSE.

PLATE 6.

REVERSE.

K. 292.REVERSE.

j ---- I�- b�Q

Pf�-----b�,

�ebf�-� $V�p� �-�pe -4�f

� aepWg

CREATION SERIES, TABLET III.100co "t.* <,,

PLATE 7.0LO

ceqkuCq

CO-coD

CREATION SERIES, TABLET III. PLATE 8.^~..... . . ... .. ... .----- ..

…------- … ---- …

'I.Ccv,

iiiL0I.-

co0oLI%% i,,

CREATION SERIES, TABLET

m ~~0CVI Co3Cq i

i i.eC3'-4

ai0t0~0

c~4IV )o'wO

c+ wCO uwr *_>C#) CIC

PLATE 9.IlI.

CREATION SERIES, TABLET III.

No. 93,017 [88-4-19, 13].OBVERSE.

f 4r 50.. w 'w''.*'

~~~~~· ·r• ·· ·~·~~~~~~··· ··n'IIr `50 f

55 A f-tF-++f v F 155

*1 W+Fte F offrwf w ^Kh

60 < 7 t [ ^ K^-^^ff60

65 ' t %ip^^ ti- t r 165

w^v4 < [ F4f wFf X

70 1 < K X 70

75 1 < % 7 D ^-^f- ^l t 1 75

.^ .^ . . ...^ ^^sr

PLATE 10.

CREATION SERIES, TABLET III. PLATE 11.

No. 93,017 [88-4-19, 13].REVERSE.

vT^^^^^g vS ,, yPKf @45 f ^80 v ai W v t180

9<0 fv vl rW8 iiR 9I

o tf . ~ ~ ~ t 4- t :r85 w < < ge wt+X4ff^ W ^ 85

I <<-<^^pef^^^^ <^-^ y p10

4 "fxg tv wf44r t^t w ff^ t m ^-i Im^^Tf^^-^r^^ffiS^ I

I t~4~If ~rP:H " yv vv•~~ ~r r IA

1. -s 1 - -, - » d ., t 4 U. 2. Pe. e . 3. A e k --E o)... .J -ZA ^ -I.

CREATION

OBVERSE.

SERIES, TABLET III.

K. 8575.REVERSE.

.. .·... ·' ·�·I .rr' ·· r(

��I�· �· ��· ��;·� ··�·(�� p�g�w�·a�-p�a ., ;,.,·) ·�� ·r, ··

·: ''�F� �f �p-p�e �� r, rr, t ·i?� i·,

.tl:�·:· "g ��p�$epacb�···��- �Y� � �4b��1�-6��W·e(

� PP� �i� b�i�a��·r p8�aa�iar 5�2�8� �ITWD�k

831 -18,2116.

£~.e 4 f~a~ti vi - C:' -

N 7 c 4-7 3,~&

83-1-18,1868.

I , Ike Ej,4r LA an. e'--ct 0- 6tt a

th-tet- · it- w md~3;ct3( ,e;~.0c. ~~ 26O K 34 3, et.-et .'~

PLATE 12.

K. 8524.

-W�i�88P�� P��II:'::·:r..··�:;::

··�·:�·.'.··�i.�·.;··:::��··-····-··�i:iI...:..t::·.;.·.·

i,..=: ri. wI.· ·.i. P�Q

.�: .�c�Ah.··:',c. e�a� �71 - ., . ^ -.

PLATE 13.CREATION SERIES, TABLET III.

82-9-18, 1403.OBVERSE.

REVERSE.

1. ' frTk - -t c-vt-u eeU. o fr. l £ .T7-- CL_.H: ' k if,GO- e- R os-,; 0(r. .t -, I p'I. 11 A. 4s--., ' S -RU. -. t-7 X C.! o'7< k, - .(76 t-. . t - ;It.t14'-I;.e

PLATE 14.CREATION SERIES, TABLET IV.

No. 93,016 [82-9-18, 3737].OBVERSE.

ff t-f-- 4 - 4rv lrf vg, 0w

pp~~-9~ P~ p~q b~qpA - PE W V5r -~K V R9

~ ~ PV~~ ~~p xg w P rff of ~3~ ~~ ppe- ~,~P~C~-·~tpt~B~'4-b- ~-~ bh- PL~IV *~-~P~ ,~-~ ~fw ~ ~eE~·s ~ Pb~i~Yl~~f~p~7w ~.- f PCff `~ Bf e e b

.,v s ,a;a- p~y~ ~ e4 ~P ~t~4 ~'0r$e;f~-~-t·g PE 9ff

wrf vK v ~ f 4~~< qf lwr4T- UK *I - P~T.

",X, 4

~iKT TT T . li-K ~ ~~ qf~i F9IMK f fv~f W~* 4r 9 $k PIK 4

7T WRB~ b< PT ~q Tf- M i~-r P~K 9 V--- 6v

$~~9 ~ ~197~ t~V b~~~ ip-~ s~~rt~TtPd i

~-a ~~

4~~~~$ ~

~~r~~~r'~~~~w~ A:

v4!11".:Vl..:'lI-i~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ll . .. ,t~ .~ . ..!-!k UV :. -

No. 93,016 [82-9-18, 3737].REVERSE.

I . W^rX

P^ . p Wi

^^r ^,0^r~I~<^ref~R<^-, ^~~~P~

.<<sW. ?.,)

febl*|es e^ X

I^F b" t^tw/ %=

I'-~- *--- ( 7*-1 *i r qT

B~~~p·F~~-~a~~X ~ ~ 7-R TWV-T- qY

-$T4 >-4;= r-qmPqFqFi~p~iq9 17{

~ g ~ ~8 ~j ~ ;4 r ;-i 1 7T VM- Ig~e

~~:~ ~-~~g~~~~

~g~-~~~~~p~h~~ 4

~~~p~~~-~~ f ~~ h$

~~~ f~F4~ 7W~ri~WREj/

1~ ~-~ ~·-k·~~· 66 ~f-g

n t~~~~:~n~~P ~~e p ikptt QPt~p

~~;·~;i· ' ~ F~B&6-~ ~~bd

1. 7, tek t LeatL - TE-LAL-MELA, C.e. ~4~1. 4

-1_ _ _

PLATE 16.

CREATION SERIES, TABLET IV.

K. 3437+Rm. 641.OBVERSE.

:I~~ wa " ~ pg l.f q T f p-p~T

45 ~E : 4VsF4~

-4vW~i~- ~g=~t~f ~W- ~ 4~W-- 4~f~j~p ~PW- ~-of

i~P~" L ~ ~ ~4P~l~o~-~'d~eu~ai~ag~~'~W

50 P~~~~ ~1 ~~~

i·�·' ·�-r·· �····_�. �� · �·�·I··.1

- , , Z.- . . . - '.'

1� -�' q. H ,

i. rke Aftt -'eaA . r l~e ) at 68

K. 3437+R. 641.OBVERSE. (CONTINUED)

NOV - 4L its·: ~:'··1 ·

11117 v. .·:i ··~

~ ~Wg~ p ~ s...~;· r r..::~1 ·,..·. ·~` T 1·~~!·\,·. · · r· r

'~~~~·' ·;i r ·· g

I� 1_�-4

-C -- --.-- c�-- �-, - ,,,,,, L,,

K. 3437+RM. 641.REVERSE.

g~Ur ow-, 86

6 rf ~E~~eB~f tP~ p~~bL#~~-~ 8

4[k~ <vi~~~~~Fr~ bFe~fr~~~b fP zz~r

ffw F-Ze< W^'w wa<<S m F F f S '~~~~~.TO 9~m.,X0

* *MT..' .;

< EW r < <t < 1MrtXi~

gtwW <Fmt<<95~~~~~~~~~~~.9rvo I

^^^r- ^rprfl-,rrpw-- -1Tr OralIf̂r^^^^ IK^- tff^^n^^N I

^^^^ff~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ir^^~~~~~~( =··

j<< r-r M r^^M ^vr.. e^eetreF~tW r fos·

||ir % XrKK < p ̂ -^=^fr^ g

liK.^^"^ ^ ^^r ffl^^^^r; I

IJ^^r~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~i ^^rrr ^^ f~|llB ̂ ^ ^ ^ F ̂ ^ ^ ^ IjJ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~l105~·'b'^^ Ik^ ^ i1~~~~~ ^^^w (··.(Sl 4^ wf wf- ^^ ^ ^^^ ^^i~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~i~·~

K. 3437+Rm. 641.REVERSE. (CONTINUED)

.... ,.. .,- ...

... : ·.::'. ;

Io g~r aer d'

.. , g C.wK...·. . -~a9

":'.':

1111 ·; ..· i

<^[.r r· ··

··w· · rjc

RM. 2, 83.

I ' .......

, , , ·-- (: : ..

No. 93,051.OBVERSE.

jW^,, ^feITIg.M^M ~~ " ^- L l 'i

:~ BJ~4~ ~·-g-·-d r~~4: 4y104r rf

4r~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~·...·~~Rqpg ~r'P W rgv.;pBr Wllv

.,~ .. j. ~,~~.;., · RV., RS. , .: .

.~: .~~~ , ··

REVERSE,

1. 9C .

79-7-8, 251.OBVERSE. REVERSE.

"R aw4~p

Rag""~i~

~p-f~PPI $7 rF:i;~fr Pff 4

4147F~F

VTT-~= p

V-rg·

rlR(LN AC

...·.,............:· '... :·· ·'· '".-. ··.··· .'.:.,:i'�..

PLATE 21.

CREATION SERIES, TABLET IV.

K. 5420, cOBVERSE.

-Fr ; .

REVERSE.

94: r- ,w9sPVT< pf - .... f , II . II,

W. ;f^Aw : K=4*-r tr-F 1

~~Ffrfr Lv WE

wq RF-Kzz U rLTW

PLATE 22.CREATION SERIES, TABLET V.

K. 3567+K. 8588.OBVERSE.

REVERSE.

PLATE 23.

CREATION

OBVERSE.

SERIES,K. 8526.

TABLET V.

REVERSE.

*7j~ ·Zf-47K VrTr- w

r a ·d r W

ff s _74Y ~I ~~~

rW~ ~ W <

.. I~~p~I I 4F~fff iT rt

wpi v z

K. 3449, a.OBVERSE.

f~~~~~~ ~1BROKEI

tlv ijr·:::N SUR FAN L

REVERSE.

----- ----- -----

t4SE W 57 ^rv- v-and j

tr PI .'= < apr/

.. ^N at ,trez; o2,-W iZ

~a B~f

-v --·---- ----

"f- vt-f vv - v -r v--^

PLATE 24.

CREATION SERIES,

K. 14949.

UNNUMBERED TABLETS.

K. 12000,&.

OBVERSE (CONTINUED)

nCK. Oi++O'tr"M. o;W.

REVERSE.OBVERSE.

PLATE 25.

CREATION SERIES, UNNUMBERED TABLETS.K. 3445+RM. 396.

REVERSE. (CONTINUED)

PLATE 26.

CREATION SERIES, UNNUMBERED TABLETS.

K. 8522.OBVERSE.

-- [B ROKEN SURFACE]$· gW>< (. X;. ...... "

||gF +ff <FtF>-,i7 " 8;- " ~- '- 'f " t ' - ;' -- 1^,^^.^^^' 1F ' S <f . w 4 + <' If

tti<t^^fFF* pXr^^r ^^Ft<p W ^org<g^w 4+ rr^ ff I

1 ^^^- XX =F S=FS ^rCff I1|^^r<^ ^-y ^r m · · w (. IT ^

I <e rr T^- <F ^--~i^^<^===<^p:^iHr I

,·^ ^p- ·· M^^^^rr^ rriT ^:

'rY···~~~~'· L~~~· ·· Cr

i<-- T T -rr · w·· t< I

^p-^-fl^~rrp e^wr X< r 4^r q ><F^er^^ us- rfTF4^^^ re v --wrX<X · rf ·· TW^ < I^i iwf<^^-y r^- tg

k~~~~~~~~~~~~v~~~~~ r2:u*<+Ht<~~~7 4r< N FraKtl

.. . . .4

.~~~~~T.

W '· f· · ?'«r.'t . -rr·rK.^ -^r· ^r ~rt^ ^f· r ^r^r <x

~N ·rm..,

CREATION SERIES, UNNUMBERED TABLETS.

K. 8522.

REVERSE.

vF *ffK O~T 7

w+- aT rp~c bfl$ P~W~ ~g~- ~r_( i7 T.

p~mT TO- "T q.. g. clWr-Her.~ fP~WBBbi~p~

TT. qTZN~ w~gtw· r~~~~~ ~ ~e~~-9 6t ~ I

4ppt~~Sr Tfp-T P- 4f &f 4P VK ~B f V-4 " PUT

pa •A < r

~~ ~ c~bt5~9~g~ ~F~~f~~f"~e~ bV~ r-ff r -~~ ~~ ~~- p~~C-. . ~~~~~ ~ ,~~~ ~~ ~l ,

'..�. .

~a~ ~~ ~ -~~~g VV

···�· ·· ··· ··· \···(····�··� �·Ysr, - PPPa �a ��a ·····� ···. ··1····: 0· ·· �····. ··· ···· ·:·Z·�· �· ···· .··: ····· ···· :· .· ·· r··� .. C··:..··i··.·,··�···. ·.· ·�··-"·�:." ··ri.··. r·ti�·· ··r···)lr· · ·· ··f�?t�3C�:: t�.. ·,

·r·� �·:�·\I··.·.···�` ��r .... ···.· ·· ·.�.·�.·;····· .`l�·�-·r.��·· r·, ··· 5. .� i . " ··

PLATE 28.

CREATION SERIES, UNNUMBERED TABLETS.K. 9267.

OBVERSE.

REVERSE.

I. e.t .k a e. -;tA& of .. 5-22 (scL/ oa 26f.)) t Okvee->, C..8saT2.(,0., a&. ,Ff.A ,,l etf Reve t K.8'21,, R , t .s--L

cLd L.2Af[. 2. Wrzttc- Qu ehffabuw-

K. 3364. PLATE 29.OBVERSE.

K. 3364. PLATE 30.REVERSE.

*^r r<r ̂ g rrw

r^: +- Z X

r r -rr tF

1.·CLI-rrr97-1

v < f <^ X < p===....T. <F- r?Ffir w ff P w-- rrrprrf-^--<f~~iP~ P~ ~ D~ qf qF Ol~r OT

PLATE 31.K. 1079 1.

K. 12000,0.

iK. I U10 .

RM. 982+80-7-18, 178.OBVERSE.

K.7067.

K. 8572.

PLATE 32.

LujLUIrwwIr I

Li.U)0C

PLATE 33.

OTHER CREATION LEGENDS.

RM. 282.

OBVERSE.

^t~~~~rrnf^ i~~~~~~~rrr^ ffff-rww-p,~~~~~~~~~~~~'IFW PPr P^r rr~Pt~ ffffB r-O--

ff^ ^^i~~~r^?-^ ^Mp-tfiT~~~~~~~r^^r^ <rr-t~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~r ^ vj~~~~~~~~~~~~~y'^ ̂- ̂r H' ^w~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~f~:T^·b p^r $4e ^b^.w ^-<w ^ ^r '^n|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~'w^ $appf< ^r r l^- ^-^< r~Y T' ̂ Pr ̂ i~~~~~~~~~~~r H'TF"^ y ^fti~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~'

<^r ^wf«<< i^^^^^ JH'^SI~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~r ·«^- wr ̂IL ̂ fflf 911~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~·rH- rf^^ ^fr^^ ^ w=^ li~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~'·t<^Br >t^=i^== i^K ja- ^-^n~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~:.;·,ffp *^ ^x ffl? rt t»|j|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~··,^ffg~Prra Tparr^^^rrx ^.tl^r ^r {=(KI= ^ffr w ^ -»ijll~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~·~.··.^ ̂r-^TrwF^ K-^rr ^w~~~~~~~~~~~~~~r i~~~· tir:^g|^ ^l=^|^ T^T^ "|i'~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~··:·

I· �I�Z·· ·Ei ·I'�·· r·,··r'r. I:: ·i� :··· ·; · ·· ��i'·. i.··· ·, ;· ·· i·?· :r·r \;· :�·.· ( V'6�--i3�, Y;·f'· ···: .,:=�· :I Y ·̀·;:,..i·· �· ·:,·. .... , :..)·.·· ·C;'

�:·�· :·;�? � '"'.�L�.t : �lh)C :\;:·;:::·I:.··;·

hn��. : :..·.'� YVVYW :1;.;'=:.'.·=·.':;

ri ,·.I'··.. 1

t ·. ':·'·:�k.· :·

I·'� ·::::··· '-''·':··· ·..: �·'''·-IIL · ·· �:I.:·' "':

PLATE 34.OTHER CREATION LEGENDS.

RM. 282.REVERSE,

pr -- vjM^Kbc^J :J^^

Wr^ p^r ^w^^-f rf^

nr+wXrr~^rtrv <>XXarT f Brra r= q.' .

efe. *ZS^etc.~~I.

tf rfeBg et Feti~:,,ete. ' "':~~~~~~~~~~b

D.T. 41.

.~~~~ .- .. ..

OD .)CD

oc wCiw.0g1O

OTHER CREATION LEGENDS.

f^ £ £

~~~$ ~~~~;%a: ~~~~~~~LPvn

XIFI&~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.(·

W.~~~~LO~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Ba

LLI~I~ b

----------IVYP-

.rLATE 36i

a�i�J �E�a

RZL-- · f�gas%h; b b�p

Ih1-ribIAS

d z-t-

0~1 UJ"§

LEGENDS OF EARLY KINGS.[LEGEND OF AN ANCIENT KING OF CUTHAH.]

PLATE 39.

LEGENDS OF EARLY KINGS.[LEGEND OF AN ANCIENT KING OF CUTHAH.]

PLATE 40.

PLATE 41.LEGENDS OF EARLY KINGS.[LEGEND OF AN ANCIENT KING OF CUTHAH.]

LEGENDS OF EARLY KINGS. PLATE 42.[LEGEND OF SARGON, KING OF AGADE.]

K. 3401+S. 2118.~rr4 I I hf

wiwrs • r

~ ~P~ p~I~ ~ p~eW~b~~~l ~g~b~ ~k4 ~b~~f~i· ~f PF~Pi

9p Pp ~-~ Tip Kf tape-C< 9f~~F~ ~~-

IT '.~ p

7 rvev- P-t

49rrI~E

p-Ill I 4

,~' Pff

I ,I -L T-If vr'rr1 ·' ·~~~~I .. I.· ;s5:s~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~II I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I~r-I~~~· , ·,· ;· ·· I

;IT apr "T- Tf. rg

ir VI t~~9~~DpS

KV4- .,f- 'p -

LEGENDS OF EARLY KINGS. PLATE 43.

[LEGEND OF SARGON, KING OF AGADE.]

4d,qtNqt

PLATE 44.LEGENDS OF EARLY KINGS.

[LEGEND OF NARAM-SIN, THE SON OF SARGON.]

81-2-4,219.OBVERSE.

REVERSE.

LEGENDS OF EARLY KINGS.

i-'m=,,UJ

I-ZLI-

ujuJ(/)

C4o(30

LLi0z0

PLATE 45.

[MENTION OF HAMMURABI, KING OF BABYLON.

Bu. 91-5-9, 221.

OBVERSE.

! BROKI.EN SURFACE'i

g g+ W r Wr

t T tvr W^e>

^r~ r^^

n as-.b�i�i·Y

� � �W�B� p�

�J�J�J�J�J�J�J�J��i�iii�� k �P�

PLATE 46.

qpw-- wa V" AT vlF2< v..F^t <.--

mV Av dPt ff A

:tKr< T Tr rWwe<X t tY~ tf ~

.,,.,., R- q w^^N^ "p ^ ^T

[MENTION OF HAMMURABI, KING OF BABYLON.]

Bu. 91-5-9, 221.

REVERSE.

[LEGEND OF NEBUCHADNEZZAR I., KING OF BABYLON.]

K. 3426.

OBVERSE.

; ---_

~rThr~s~b- ppr •j ~F

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~·i·

~gf~~P~f p~~~

~4~ q ~~B~W$ h

b ' Pr rPe¶r~4-"km ~Br ~-P

· p4 r~ ~g p pPP~~1W ~ Qb F

r ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ r~~~~ ~ ~ ~ ~rf ~~~4 V9 V(P-F- POTP<,Twr-~s~lIff J~~~~~~~~~~~~r r-r~ ~ ':·f:.-I~- v < q4 -bw Iy

-�ppia

''" "':··��;.;· �.·:: ":i.·:'·" �w � �af�·. .·.·..2-;'r� .· 4.'· �·;·�.p�p .-..�. ..I ��·:4 :Ii�:f

'''·. .."'''\ ·�r···'; ··"' ''·�· ··· .r .··r � ·1.·..·+·k ···:I· ·:��··�·IC_ ·I·· ···· ···-::21�--�:'··'; "····�iPPP�i�-.. ··; ·:: ' ' ....,J:,2:I1·"·''·rc·.·.·�.� ��. .�.�.�·.:�:i·

REVERSE.

PLATE 48.

rm Or qf -W ~- v t~

T KT,~47 ' vqtrpqt-Z--v - few M= ~

.v.-T -Y - 4, �( 44T .7 nql -Ir HT , . Tf.T v z, WF rr- � -f-w VWI

·-·;r"2.1�;,·:''·� ····=:: ':�·.�·::

K. 4541. PLATE 49.

[BROKEN SURFACE I

· ,,. -,'; : :,,.- .. ': 1.::: ' ,

"KZr 7

.·'·r HY

· · Q 41 'f RwY\ HM Rv -·~ Y j I f P~r\· ;C!.·.···.· ,· ~~1-V97 II,

· rr `·I i~~6 ~ W pWI~P ee~~~W~V· V

r~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~r···.~ ~ T

·· ··· ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ "KV·· ··~ ~ ~~~~47

;·)~~~~~~~~~~R~~r~~~-~~~app~~~r i~<

K. 7861.

|· ... ..

t' KW <^ h^ ff^-f ^|®

t g> e t tft·lr

I F.trt,

^'^^WTSr^^^f |i./^ w+ <p^^iF^^Wtrf|||i|^

I w mrt= <s ttSr tt ^IT eXr .

e~~~· gese~ eRSFF< +<<tr~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~' ; rr

I . .m ..mF · Cttgr ;· .'

^^^^^^^^<^^^^^ ^l .-^^^^^ ^^^>^^|^'^w r'-^^r^ ^ ^^^f~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~i^^···r^ Ww<1 .... ^^^^^WW^^^^rrM~rT^^^^C -Nl^MW^^^^W!^^^^^^<^^H||^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~·,~··,( "I t^g^^rf<r RrW^fl^f^-^-^-^r^ ^ ^^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^tI~~~~~~~~~~~~~~jIS.n^^^r ^^ t^N^^^^^^^^II^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^|g~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I · ig^ ·^~Ib ^^~ ̂ni^^i-^qr ^ ^ ^siiii~.· ··r t·rp~r ·2^-^ v^ i^lijilL·<^:rfr x^^^?^w ·8illp^r^^:^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~" K^·r^f ^ Bt^T ^r w r^^-^^^w^^ff-^ &r~Erg gil^~6

·� ···:;�··:·��:·: .:···· '·'·=�� 444444.4 ···1·g�w�ii��-m� �k��··`�. ·. 44444

��i t· ·· ·I ···' ·t�E�IV· rr�····· 4·�·· ·4 44

� bWP�p� - ··T· ···t· ·. t�· · � · ·. ········:;··(·· '·.···r ·I·.44 .. �. ' ···.··· · ··�f�� %24�.·· ·r 4'4' _·�··� · �·.'44'.4.b- ..

44 444:1

Ich�···i�·v..·'·'··u·44'

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