Post on 22-Dec-2015
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Cytokine actions
• Development of cellular and humoral immune responses
• Induction of inflammation• Regulation of hematopoiesis• Control of cellular proliferation and
differentiation• Induction of wound healing• Chemotaxis
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Main classes of cytokines
• Interleukins (IL)
• Interferons (IFN)
• Chemokines (CXC, CC, C, CX3C)
• Colony stimulating factors (CSF)
• Tumor necrosis factors (TNF)
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Cytokine receptors
• Type I cytokine receptors
• Type II cytokine receptors
• IL-1 family receptors
• TNF receptor
• Chemokine receptors
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Inflammation• Function1. Deliver effector cells
2. Construct barrier
3. Repair damage
• Stages1. Recognise pathogen/damage2. Express signalling molecules3. Increase vascular diameter,
higher flow, lower velocity4. Vascular permeability5. Clothing microvessels
IL1, IL6, TNF-, INF-, IFN-, IFN-IL-8 27
Pro-inflammatory: IL-1, IL-6, TNF-, IL-12, IL-18, (IFN-, chemokines)
Anti-inflammatory: IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, TGF-
Inflammatory cytokinesInflammatory cytokines
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Th1: IL-2, IFN-
Th2: IL-4, IL-5, IL-13
Th3/Tr: IL-10, TGF-
Th17: IL-17
Th1-3 Cytokines Th1-3 Cytokines
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4040
TH0
TH1
TH3IL-2, IFN-, TNF- IL-4, IL-5,
IL-6, IL-10, IL-13
TGF-, IL-10
TH2
IFN-
IL-4, IL-10
NK
M
IL-12, IFN-, IL-18
MAST
IL-4
NK
MTC
CD4+ T helper cells
TR1
CD4+ CD25+CD4+ CD25+FOXP3+
Cellular immunity
Humoral immunity
B
IL-4IFN-
TH17IL-17
Inflammation
Regulatory actionsanti-inflammation
TGF-, IL-6, IL-1
IL-23
B
B B
IgM IgE / IgG1 IgA / IgG2b IgG2a / IgG3
Proliferation cytokinesIL-2, IL-4, IL5
IL-2, IL-4, IL5 IL-4 TGF- IFN-
Diffentiating cytokines
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Functional categories
• Mediate/regulate innate immunity– TNF, IL-1, IL-12, IFN type1, IL-10
• Mediate/regulate adaptive immunity– IL-2, IL-4/13, IFN-γ, TGF-β
• Stimulates hematopoiesis– development / differetiation / maturation– IL-3, IL-7
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IL-1
• Innate immunity
• Acute inflammation
• fever
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IL-1αIL-1α
IL-1RAIL-1RA sIL-1RsIL-1R
IL-1RIL-1R
IL-1βIL-1β