Post on 07-Apr-2018
transcript
8/3/2019 Daftar Isi Fred R David 12th Edition
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/daftar-isi-fred-r-david-12th-edition 1/5
twel f th edi t ion
Strategic Management® CONCEPTS AND CASES
Fred R. DavidFRANCIS MARION UNIVERSITY
FLORENCE, SOUTH CAROLINA
PEARSON
PrenticeHall
PEARSON EDUCATION INTERNATIONAL
8/3/2019 Daftar Isi Fred R David 12th Edition
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/daftar-isi-fred-r-david-12th-edition 2/5
C o n t e n t s
Preface 12
Acknowledgments 22
About the Author 27
Part 1
Overv iew of Strateg ic Management 34
Chapter 1
The Nature of S t r a t e g i c Ma n a g e m e n t 34
W h a t IsS t r a t e g i c M a n a g e m e n t ? 36
Defining Strategic Management 36 • Stages of Strategic
Management 37 • Integrating Intu ition and Analysis 38
D Adapting to Change 39
Key Terms in S t r a t e g i c M a n a g e m e n t 39
Competitive Advantage 39 • Strategists 42 • Vision and Mission
Statements 43 Q External Opportunities and Threats 43
• Internal Strengths and Weaknesses 44 • Long-Term Objectives 44
• Strategies 44 • Annual Objectives 45 O Policies 45
Th e S t r at e g i c- M an a g e m e n t M o d e l 45
B e n e f i t s of S t r a t e g i c M a n a g e m e n t 47
Financial Benefits 48 • Nonfinancial Benefits 48
Why Some F irms Do No S t r a t e g i c P l a n n i n g 49
Pi t fal ls in S t r a t e g i c P l a n n i n g 49
G u i d e l i n e s for E f f e c t i v e S t r a t e g i c M a n a g e m e n t 50
B u s i n e s s E t h i c s a n d S t r a t e g i c M a n a g e m e n t 51
C o m p a r i n g B us in e s s a n d M i l i t a r y S t r a t e g y 54
T h e N a t u r e of G l o b a l C o m p e t i t i o n 55
Advantages and Disadvantages of International Operations 57
COHESION CASE 200 8: WALT DISNEY C OMPAN Y—
2007 62
EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISES 76
Experiential Exercise 1A: Ge tting Familiar With Strategy Terms 76
Experiential Exercise 1B: Developing Codes ofBusiness Ethics 76
Experiential Exercise 1C:The Ethics of Spying on Competitors 77
Experiential Exercise 1D: Strategic Planning for My University 77
Experiential Exercise 1E: Strategic Planning at a Local Company 78
Experiential Exercise 1F: Does My University Recruit in Foreign
Countries? 78
Experiential Exercise 1G: Getting Familiar with SMCO 79
Parti
Strategy Formulation 80
Chapter 2
The Business Vision and Mission 80
W h a t D o W e W a n t to B e c o m e ? 82
W h a t Is Our Business? 83
Vision versus Mission 85 • The Process ofDeveloping Vision and
Mission Statements 85
I m po r t a n c e ( Be n e f i t s ) ofV i s i o n a n d M i s s i o n
S t a t e m e n t s 86
A Resolution ofDivergent Views 86
Character ist ics of a M i s s i o n S t a t e m e n t 88
A Declaration of Attitude 88 D A Customer O rientation 90
• A Declaration ofSocial Policy 90
M is si o n S t a t e m e n t C o m p o n e n t s 93
W r i t i n g a n d E v a l u a t i n g M i s s i o n S t a t e m e n t s 94
EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISES 98
Experiential Exercise 2A: E valuating M ission Statements 98
Experiential Exercise 2B: Evaluating W alt Disney's Vision and
Mission Statement 99
Experiential Exercise 2C: Writing a Vision and Mission Statement
for My University 99
Experiential Exercise 2D: Conducting Mission Statement
Research 100
C h a p t e r 3
The External Assessment 102
T h e N a t u r e of a n E x t e rn a l A u d i t 104
Key External Forces 104 • The Process of Performing an
External Aud it 105
T h e I n d u s t ri a l O r g an i z a t i o n ( I/ O ) V i e w 106
Economic Forces 106
Social , Cul tural , Demo graphic, and Environ men tal Forces 108
P o l i t i c a l , G o v e r n m e n t a l , a n d L e ga l Fo r ce s 109
T e c h n o l o g i ca l F o r ce s 112
C o m p e t i t i v e F o r c e s 114
Competitive Intelligence Programs 115 • Cooperation
Among Competitors 117 D Market Commonality
and Resource Sim ilarity 118
C o m p e t i t i v e A n a l ys i s: P o r t e r 's F i v e -F o r ce s M o d e l 118
Rivalry Among C ompeting Firms 120 • Potential Entry ofNew
Competitors 120 • Potential Development of Substitute
Products 120 • Bargaining Power ofSuppliers 121 •
Bargaining Power ofConsumers 121
Sources of E x t e r n a l I n f o r m a t i o n 122
F o r e c a st i n g T o o l s a n d T e c h n i q ue s 122
, Making Assumptions 123
T h e G l o b a l C h a l l e n g e 123
Multinational Corporations 124 • Globalization 125
8/3/2019 Daftar Isi Fred R David 12th Edition
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/daftar-isi-fred-r-david-12th-edition 3/5
8 CONTENTS
Industry A nalysis: The External Factor Eva luation (EFE)
Matrix 125
The Com petitive Profile Matrix (CPM) 127
EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISES 131
Experiential Exercise 3A: Developing an EFE Matrix for Walt Disney
Company 131
Experiential Exercise 3B:The External Assessment 131
Experiential Exercise 3C: Developing an EFE Matrix for
My University 132
Experiential Exercise 3D: Developing a Com petitive Profile Matrix
for Walt Disney Company 132
Experiential Exercise 3E: Developing a Competitive Profile Matrix
for My University 132
Chapter 4
The In te rnal Assessmen t 134
The Nature of an Internal Au dit 136
Key Internal Forces 136 I I The Process of Performing an Internal
Audit 137
The Resource-Based Vie w (RBV) 138
I n t e g r a t i n g S t r a t e g y a n d C u l t ur e 1 3 9
Domestic versus Foreign Cultures 141
M a n a g e m e n t 1 4 3
Planning 143 B Organizing 145 S3 Motivating 145 B Staffing
146 D Controlling 147 E3 Management Audit Checklist of
Questions 147
M a r k e t i n g 1 4 8Customer Analysis 148 B Selling Products/Services 148
Q Product and Service Planning 149 13 Pricing 149
• Distribution 150 B Marketing Research 150 B Opportunity
Analysis 150 B Marketing Audit Checklist of Questions 151
F i n a n c e / A c c o u n t i n g 1 5 1
Finance/Accounting Functions 151 O Basic Types of F inancial
Ratios 152 B Finance/Accounting Audit Checklist 157
P r o d u c t i o n / O p e r a t i o n s 1 5 8
Production/Operations Audit Checklist 161
R e se a rc h a n d D e v e l o p m e n t 1 6 1
Internal and External R&D 161 B Research and DevelopmentAudit 162
M a n a g e m e n t I n f o r m a t io n S ys te m s 1 6 2
Strategic-Planning Software 163 B Management Information
Systems Audit 163
Value Chain Analysis (VCA) 164
Benchmarking 166
The Int ern al Factor Evaluat ion ( IFE) Mat r ix 166
EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISES 17 2
Experiential Exercise 4A: Performing a F inancial Ratio Analysis
for Wa lt Disney Company 172
Experiential Exercise 4B: Constructing an IFE Matrix
for Wa lt Disney Company 173
Experiential Exercise 4C: Constructing an IFE Matrix for
My U niversity 173
Chapter 5
Strategies in Act ion 174
Long-Term Objec tives 176
The Nature of Long-Term Objectives 176 D Financial versus
Strategic Objectives 177 O Not Managing by Objectives 177
T h e B a l a n c e d S c o r e c a r d 1 7 8Types of Strateg ies 178
B Levels of Strategies 180
I n t e g r a t i o n S t ra t e g i e s 1 8 0
Forward Integration 181 O Backward Integration 182
B Horizontal Integration 182
I n t e n s i v e S t r a t e g i e s 1 8 3
Market Penetration 183 BJ Market Development 183
B Product Development 184
D i v e r s i f i ca t i o n St r a t e g i e s 1 8 4
Related Diversification 185 B Unrelated Diversification 187
D e f e n s i v e S t r a t e g i e s 1 8 9
Retrenchment 189 B Divestiture 190 D Liquidation 192
M i c h a e l P o rt e r 's Fi ve G e n e r i c S t r a t e g i e s 1 9 2
Cost Leadership Strategies (Type 1 and Type 2) 193 B Differentiation
Strategies (Type 3) 194 B Focus Strategies (Type 4 and Type 5) 195
B Strategies for Competing in Turbulent, High-Velocity Markets 196
M e a n s f o r A c h i e v i n g S t r at e g i e s 1 9 7
Joint Venture/Partnering 197 B Merge r/Acquisition 199
B Private-Equity Acqu isitions 200 B First Mover Advantages 203
B Outsourcing 203
S t ra t e gi c M an a g e m e n t in N o n p ro f i t a n d G o v e r n m e n t a l
O r g a n i z a t i o n s 2 0 6
Educational Institutions 206 B Medical Organizations 206
B Governmental Agencies and Departments 207
S t r a t e g i c M a n a g e m e n t i n S m a ll Fi rm s 2 0 7
EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISES 21 3
Experiential Exercise 5A: What Strategies Should Walt Disney
Pursue in 2008-2009 ? 213
Experiential Exercise 5B: Examining Strategy Articles 214
Experiential Exercise 5C: Classifying Some Year 2007 Strategies 214
Experiential Exercise 5D: How Risky Are Various Alternative
Strategies? 215
Experiential Exercise 5E: Developing Alternative Strategies for MyUniversity 215
Experiential Exercise 5F: Lessons in Doing Business Globally 216
Chapter 6
Strategy An alysis and Choice 218
The Nature of S trategy Analysis and Choice 220
The Process of Generating and Selecting Strategies 222
A Comprehensive Strategy-Fo rmulation Framew ork 222
The Inpu t Stage 223
The Matching Stage 223The Strengths-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats (SWOT) Matrix 224
BThe Strategic Position and Action Evaluation (SPACE) Matrix 226
B Th e Boston Consulting Group (BCG) Matrix 229 B T he Internal-
External (IE) Matrix 233 B The Grand Strategy Matrix 236
8/3/2019 Daftar Isi Fred R David 12th Edition
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/daftar-isi-fred-r-david-12th-edition 4/5
CONTENTS
The Decision Stage 238
The Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) 238
B Positive Features andLimitations of the QSPM 241
Cultural Aspects of Strategy Choice 242
The Politics of Strategy Choice 242
Governance Issues 243
EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISES 251
Experiential Exercise 6A: Developing a SWOT Matrix for Walt
Disney 251
Experiential Exercise 6B: Developing a SPACE Matrix for Walt
Disney 251
Experiential Exercise 6C: Developing a BCG. Mat r ix for Wal t
Disney 251
Experiential Exercise 6D: Developing a QSPM forWalt Disney 252
Experiential Exercise 6E: Formulating Individual Strategies 253
Expe riential Exercise 6F: The Mac h Test 253
Experiential Exercise 6G: Developing a BCG Mat r ix for My
University 255
Experiential Exercise 6H:The Role of Boards of Directors 255
Experiential Exercise 61: Locating Companies in a Grand Strategy
Matrix 255
Part 3
Strategy implementation 258
Chapter 7
I m p l e m e n t i n g S t r a t e g i e s : Ma n a g e m e n t
and Operations Issues 258
The Nature of Strategy Implementation 260
Management Perspectives 261
Annual Objectives 262
Policies 264
Resource Allocation 265
Managing Conflict 266
Matching Structure with Strategy 266
The Functional Structure 267 BThe Divisional Structure 268
B T h e Strategic Business Unit (SBU) Structure 270
BThe Matr ix Structure 271
Some Do's and Don'ts in Developing Organizational Charts 272
Restructuring, Reengineering, and E-Engineering 274
Restructuring 275 H Reengineering 276
Linking Performance and Pay to Strategies 276
Managing Resistance to Change 278
Managing the Natural Environment 280
Creating a Strategy-Supportive Culture 282
The Mexican Culture 282 BThe Japanese Culture 283
Production/Operations Concerns When Implementing
Strategies 285
Human Resource Concerns When Implementing
Strategies 286
Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs) 287
13 Balancing Work Life andHome Life 288 B Benefits of a
• Diverse Wor kforce 289
EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISES 294
Experiential Exercise 7A: Revising Walt Disney's Organizational
Chart 294
Experiential Exercise 7B: Do Organizations Really Establish
Objectives? 294
Experiential Exercise 7C: Understanding My University's
Culture 295
Chapter 8
Impleme nt in g Strategies: Market in g,Finance/Accounting, R&D,an d MIS Issues 296
The Nature of Strategy Implementation 298
Marketing Issues 298 S3Market Segmentation 299 B Does the
Internet Make Market Segmentation Easier? 302 O Product
Positioning 302
Finance/Accounting Issues 304
Acquiring Capital to Implement Strategies 305 B Projected
Financial Statements 310 B Projected Financial Statement
Analysis for Mattel, Inc. 312 0 Financial Budgets 315
S3 Evaluating the Wor th of a Business 316 B Deciding W hether
to GoPublic 320
Research and Development (R&D) Issues 320
Management Information Systems (MIS) Issues 322
EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISES 325
Experiential Exercise 8A: Developing a Product-Posit ioning Map
for Walt Disney 325
Experiential Exercise 8B: Performing an EPS/EBIT Analy sis for
Walt Disney 325
Experiential Exercise 8C: Preparing Projected Financial Statements
for Walt Disney 326
Experiential Exercise 8D: Determining the Cash Value of
Walt Disney 326
Experiential Exercise 8E: Develop ing a Product-Positioning Map
fo r MyUniversity 326
Experiential Exercise 8F: DoBanks Require Projected Financial
Statements? 327
Part 4
Strategy Evaluation 328
Chapter 9
Strategy Review, Evaluation, and Control 328
The Nature of Strategy Evaluation 330
The Process of Evaluating Strategies 333
A Strategy-Evaluation Framework 333
Reviewing Bases of Strategy 334 B Measuring Organizational
Performance 336 S Taking Corrective Actions 337
The Balanced Scorecard 338
Published Sources of Strategy-Evaluation Information 338
Characteristics of an Effective Evaluation System 339
Contingency Planning 341
Auditing 343
The Environmental Audit 344
8/3/2019 Daftar Isi Fred R David 12th Edition
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/daftar-isi-fred-r-david-12th-edition 5/5
10 CONTENTS
T w e n t y - F i r s t - C e n t u r y C h a l l e n g e s in S t r a t e g i c
M a n a g e m e n t 344
The Art or Science Issue 344 B The Visible or Hidden Issue 346
B The Top-Down or Bottom-Up Approach 347
EXPERIENTIAL EXERCISES 350
Experiential Exercise 9A: Preparing a Strategy-Evaluation Reportfor Walt Disney 350
Experiential Exercise 9B: Evaluating My University's Strategies 351
Experiential Exercise 9C: Who Prepares an Environmental Audit? 351
Strategic Management Case Analysis 352
Ho w to Prepare and Present a CaseAnalysis 352
W h a t Is a S t r a t e g i c - M a n a g e m e n t C a s e ? 354
G u i d e l i n e s for Pr epar i ng Case Anal yses 354
The Need for Practicality 354 B The Need for Justification 354
B The Need for Realism 354 B The Need for Specificity 355
B The Need for Originality 355 B The Need to Contribute 355
Pr epar i ng a Case for Class Discussion 355
The Case Method versus Lecture Approach 355
B The Cross-Examination 356
P r e p a r i n g a W r i t t e n C as e A n a l y si s 356
The Executive Summary 356 B The Comprehensive W ritten
Analysis 356 B Steps in Preparing aComprehensive Written
Analysis 357
M a k i n g an O r a l P r e s e n t a t i o n 357
Organizing the Presentation 357 B Con trolling Your Voice 358
B Managing Body Language 358 B Speaking from Notes 358
B Constructing Visual Aids 358 B Answering Questions 358
B Tips for Success inCase Analysis 359 B Content Tips 359
O Process Tips 360 B Sample Case Analysis Outline 361
STEPS IN PRESENTING AN ORAL CASE ANALYSIS
Oral Presentation-Step 1: Introduction (2 minutes) 362
Oral Presentation-Step 2: Mission/Vision (4 minutes) 362
Oral Presentation-Step 3 : Internal Assessment (8 minutes) 362
Oral Presentation-Step 4: External Assessment (8 m inutes) 362
Oral Presentation-Step 5: Strategy Formulation (14 minutes) 363
Oral Presentation-Step 6: Strategy Implementation (8 minutes) 363Oral Presentation-Step 7: Strategy Evaluation (2 minutes) 363
Oral Presentation-Step 8: Conclusion (4 minutes) 363
Name Index 364
Subject Index 366