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Dating Fender Tube Amps by Serial Number
Dating Fender Tube Amps by Serial Number, Part I
by Greg Gagliano
Copyright 1997, 20th Century Guitar Magazine.
Boy, that title got your attention didn't it? Well, we'll get to good parts, but first a little background information is
in order. After reading Teagle and Sprung's excellent Fender amp book, I took them up on their challenge that
maybe someday someone will compile enough serial numbers so that Fender amps can be dated that way. So
began my quest. I contacted several Fenders collectors and dealers who were kind enough to supply me with
data.
I turned to the Internet to do some more networking which resulted in a major turn of events as I met two
individuals who have become instrumental partners in this project: Greg Huntington and Devin Riebe. Greg is a
long time Fender collector who is very knowledgeable not only in the details, but in the circuitry as well. His
particular area of expertise is in Fender amps made from about 1960 through 1967. Devin runs Doc's Music in
Springfield, Missouri and his interest lies in the woodie and tweed Fender amps made from 1946 through 1960.
Greg and Devin's experience meshed well with mine since I'm essentially the blackface/silverface amp guy (amps
made between 1963 and 1980) in the group.
Additionally, Greg and Devin also had data that they had been collecting from Fender amps for years. We
combined all of our information into a computerized database for this project and for the past 18 months have
been slowly (sadly, very slowly) gathering information that we collect ourselves as well as from other people.
Now it's time for a commercial. We need your Fender amp data! Everything is confidential, we don't make
record of who owns what amp in the database. What we need is the following:
1) Model name
2) Model number on the tube chart
3) Date code letters on the tube chart
4) Speaker codes (if speaker is original)
5) Transformer codes (if the amp doesn't have date codes on the tube chart)
6) Cosmetic features (flat/raised logo, tweed/tolex, blackface/silverface, rough/
smooth blond tolex, white/skirted knobs, TV-front/wide-panel, etc.)
One very interesting and very important factoid has surfaced regarding the date code letters on the tube chart. In
the fall of 1965, Fender switched from stamping these numbers in black ink, to dark green ink. These 1965
codes begin with the letter "O." The code for the year 1966 is "P." However, someone in the factory apparently
forgot to switch the stamper from "O" to "P" in January 1966. Therefore, amps from January 1966 have the
date code "OA" (A denotes January) in green ink. The factory realized its mistake in February because these
amps have a "PB" date code in black ink. Now, we obviously haven't looked at every amp made in January
1966 so this isn't set in stone. If anyone has an amp with a "PA" stamp, please let us know. Still, I wouldn't be
too quick to just glance at that tube chart and accept an "OA" as a January 1965 amp.
The biggest tip off would be the control panels which brings us to interesting factoid #2. After CBS bought
Fender in January 1965, there were still plenty of control panels for various models that were in stock. These
say "Fender Electric Instruments." Depending on the model the use of these pre-CBS panels have been
observed on amps as late as August 1965, except for Champs and Vibro Champs which had foil stickers on the
back the chassis. Fender must have had a million of these labels printed up since they appear on Champs and
Vibro Champs well into 1966. New panels made after the CBS acquisition were used beginning in April 1965
and say "Fender Musical Instruments." So, if you have January 1965 amp, it will have a Fender Electric
Instruments panel whereas a January 1966 amp (even though it has that green "OA" date stamp) will have
Fender Musical Instruments.
Okay, now on to the dating-by-number stuff. Although the database doesn't have thousands upon thousands of
entries, we are seeing some interesting patterns emerging that will help date amps by serial number. Some of the
trends are really obvious.
The early amps (woodie and tweed) had serial numbers handwritten on the tube chart. These appear to be used
sequentially independent of model. Likewise, the brown/blonde Tremolux, Concert, Vibrasonic, Twin, Pro,
Super, Vibrolux, Showman, Dual Showman, and Bandmaster used a sequential numbering independent of
model, but as with Fender guitars, these were not used consecutively.
Some amps had their own numbering system. The 1956 to 1963 Champ, Harvard, Princeton, Deluxe; the 1956
to 1960 Vibrolux, the 1956 to 1964 Bassman, and all the tube reverb units have their own serialization scheme.
The Champ has a "C" prefix, the Harvard an "H" prefix, the Princeton a "P" prefix, the Vibrolux a "F" prefix, and
the Deluxe a "D" prefix. The 4x10 Bassman used the prefix "BM" while the piggyback Bassman used the prefix
"BP." The reverb units have the prefix "R." In addition, the tweed Super, Pro and Bandmaster sometimes have
the prefix "S" in the serial number.
The blackface and silverface amps (late 1963 to 1980) generally have serial numbers begin with the prefix "A."
However, it appears that these were not used sequentially across all models. Our evidence is that we are finding
some serial numbers duplicated between models. For example, serial number A00121 has been found on a
Champ dated November 1964 and a Vibrolux Reverb dated February 1965. This makes things a little more
interesting and difficult in playing the "dating game." And yet there is another variable to contend with as it
appears that models that share chassis may also share the same serialization scheme. For instance, the
Bandmaster Reverb and Super Reverb share the same chassis, and the Twin Reverb, Quad Reverb, Dual
Showman Reverb, Vibrosonic Reverb, and Super Six all share the same chassis.
Preliminary results show that we're on the right track. Here's a couple of examples using the tweed Deluxe
(model 5E3) and the Super Reverb/Bandmaster Reverb.
Ser No. Model Year
D05108 Deluxe 1958
D05160 Deluxe 1958
D06528 Deluxe 1958
D07036 Deluxe 1959
D07115 Deluxe 1959
D07418 Deluxe 1959
D08325 Deluxe 1959
D08913 Deluxe 1959
D09014 Deluxe 1959
D09338 Deluxe 1960
D09399 Deluxe 1960
D09524 Deluxe 1960
A27769 Super Reverb 1967
A27796 Super Reverb 1967
A29591 Super Reverb 1968
A31057 Super Reverb 1968
A31079 Bandmaster Reverb 1968
A32839 Super Reverb 1968
A32841 Super Reverb 1968
A34448 Super Reverb 1968
A37667 Super Reverb 1969
A37949 Bandmaster Reverb 1969
A40130 Bandmaster Reverb 1969
A41569 Super Reverb 1969
So, with the knowledge gained thus far, we feel that Fender tube amps can be dated by serial number. We just
don't have enough data to make any definitive conclusions yet. We will be writing articles in the future with more
fun factoids (yes, there's more!) with new information on dating by serial number. Thanks for your support!
The author and his partners would like to thank those people who have sent us Fender amp information,
especially James Werner, Tim Pershing, Gregg Hopkins at Vintage Amp Restoration, Jim Strahm and
Matt Kesler at Midwestern Musical Co., and Tim Nelson at Mass Street Music. Also thanks to the many
dealers at the various guitar shows that we visit for allowing us to make notes about the amps at their
booths.
Dating Fender Tube Amps By Serial Number, Part 2
by Greg Gagliano
Copyright 1997, 20th Century Guitar Magazine.
It's been about 6 months since Part 1 of this series was printed so I thought it would be a good time to give an
update on the Fender amp research that I am doing along with Devin Riebe and Greg Huntington. First I would
like to thank everyone who responded to our request for data as outlined in the initial article that was printed in
March 1997 issue of TCG. Most notably, I'd like to thank Jeff Lacio for his contributions to our research. Jeff
is an amp tech who specializes in Fender amps, i.e. only Fender amps, and single handedly has submitted well
over 250 very complete sets of data. Despite the heroic efforts by Jeff and other readers, we still need more
data, so please keep it coming.
In the meantime, we have discovered many fascinating factoids about Fender amps and we'll probably learn a lot
more as our research continues. Here are some examples of what we've found so far.
Early silver face amps: The silverface amps appear to have been introduced as early as April 1967 (yes,
April!) and by the Fall of 1967 the conversion from blackface to silverface cosmetics was completed. The early
silverface amps can be identified by the aluminum trim strip around the perimeter of the grill, the silver and blue
grill, and black vertical lines silk-screened onto the front of the control panel.
The aluminum trim was retained through late 1969, though we speculate a few early 1970 amps may have had
the grill trim as well. If anybody has a 1970 amp with trim please let us know! Two types of blue and silver
grillcloth were used on the early silverface amps. The first type (1967 - early 1968) had no silver metallic
threads and the second is the more familiar cloth with the silver metallic threads and a much greater texture or
thickness than the first type (mid-1968 onward). The black vertical lines on the control panel were discontinued
by May 1968 on most models, but we’ve seen a Bandmaster and Bassman from 1969 with them.
Interestingly, some silverface amps from early 1968 have 16 inch tilt back legs with serial numbers on one or
both legs. Tilt back legs with serial numbers were used only on the speaker cabinets of piggyback amps. One
of the legs on the cabinet would have the number while the other would simply be stamped with "Pat. Pend." In
1967, CBS Fender discontinued the small cabinet design Bassman and Bandmaster an introduced new, larger
cabs without legs. Apparently, Fender had a surplus of 16 inch Bassman/Bandmaster tilt back legs with serial
numbers on them. Rather than waste them, they were used on combo amps such as the Twin Reverb and Pro
Reverb.
Although the cosmetics changed, the circuits remained unaltered from the blackface circuits on these early
silverface amps. The date of the change from the blackface circuit to the CBS silverface circuit was dependent
on the model, but most of the amps that were modified received the circuit change by mid-year of 1968.
Another interesting feature of the silverface amps is the change in chassis dates. Many blackface amps were
stamped with a date code on the inside of the chassis. These read something like T020366 or F034267 where
the "66" and "67" denote the year and the "03" and "42" denote week of the year. This system was continued on
the silverface amps, some of which have the stamp on the underside of the chassis (where you can see it easily)
in addition to the stamp on the chassis interior. This is very useful information in the absence of a tube chart or
lack of a date code.
In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the chassis date stamp became more cryptic. For example, a chassis stamp
of 1831 must be read backward to reveal the date, in this case week 13 of 1981. If you see a chassis stamp
and you don't have any other dating info, please send it along with the serial number and model name to us,
thanks!
Mistakes: Errors happen and Fender was not immune to them. Previously we discussed the "OA" date code
stamped in dark green ink on January 1966 amps. The code should have been "PA," but the production staff
forgot to change the year on the stamper. Well, I was contacted by one Chicago reader (I'm so embarrassed I
forgot his name!) who has a February 1966 Deluxe Reverb stamped with "OB" in dark green ink (should be
"PB"). This indicates that the production team didn't catch the error until early February 1966 at which time they
switched from "O" to "P" and from dark green ink to black ink. Again, if you have an amp with an OA or OB
date code you have to look at the front and back panels to see if it says Fender Electric Instruments (in which
case the "O" denotes 1965) or Fender Musical Instruments (the "O" is a mistake and the amp is a '66).
And speaking of back panels... the back panel of our reader's Deluxe Reverb states "Division of Colombia
Records Division" instead of "Division of Columbia Records Division." Note the spelling of Columbia has an "o"
instead of a "u"!! At first this typographical error appears to have been short lived and confined to February
1966 since it hasn't been reported for any amps made in January or March 1966. However, just before this
article went to print, I found a late 1965 Deluxe Reverb with Columbia misspelled. If you have an amp with this
typographical error, please let us know and I'll report the results in Part 3 of this series!
And don't think that pre-CBS Fender was immune to mistakes... they weren't! I have seen two narrow panel
tweed Deluxes from late 1957 with a misprint on the tube chart. Instead of showing the model number as "5E3"
the tube chart was printed with "5F6." The 5F6 was the two input 4x10 Bassman, yet the tube chart is a Deluxe
tube chart. Plausible reasons for this mistake making it into production: 1) Leo Fender, being frugal, may have
use these erroneous tube charts just to save money, 2) the error wasn't noticed until a few dozen Deluxes were
made, 3) there were no other tube charts available and Fender had no choice but to use the ones with the error
until a new batch could be printed.
Another example of a mistake from the pre-CBS days is a brown '62 Concert amp that was mistakenly fitted
with the circuit board from a blonde Twin/Showman! Oops!
Hole to Nowhere: Some of you may have noticed that the very early brown tolex amps from 1960 have a hole
(sometimes plugged) on the back of the chassis labeled "Pulse Adjust." We have yet to find an amp with a
potentiometer mounted there and no schematics that we have found to date show a "pulse adjust" pot. We
speculate that Leo may have envisioned (and maybe even prototyped) a simple signal-injecting circuit whereby
he planned to inject a pulse into the amp and adjust a control to optimize the amp's response to that pulse. This
could have been a high frequency pulse and the amp's response could have been adjusted to yield the best high
frequency reproduction just short of allowing a high frequency parasitic oscillation.
Or... it could have involved injecting a high level pulse and the control was adjusted to optimize the amp's
response to obtain the best (balanced) sine wave with minimum crossover. Or... it could have involved injecting
a "square wave" and the control was adjusted to obtain the best non-ringing, non-sagging waveform. Or... it
could simply have been a bias adjustment. Despite all the theory and conjecture, Fender clearly deemed the
Pulse Adjust control to be unnecessary.
First, Last and Transitional: During our research, we do find some amps that are especially interesting
because they are one of the first, one of the last, or a transitional example of a particular model made. For
instance, we found a very early Quadreverb (s/n A38053). This model was introduced in 1972 and this
particular amp had transformers and speakers dated from late 1971, though it was probably assembled in the
very early part of 1972.
The Tremolux (AB763) and Reverb Unit (6G15) were both discontinued in 1966. In fact, Greg Huntington has
a Fender catalog dated September 16, 1966 and it does not list the Tremolux. The latest Tremolux that we have
in the database (s/n A07779) hails from September 1966 and has a production number of 71. We also have
two others from this same production batch with September 1966 tube chart dates so it looks like this was the
last month of production for the venerable Tremolux. The latest Reverb Unit that we have seen (s/n R10651) is
from May 1966 with a production number of 46. However, we aren't sure at this point if May is the last month
of production for the tube reverb unit. If you have a later example, please let us know!
An example of a transitional amp is the first batch of blackface Dual Showmans (AA763). These are very rare
and are prized more by collectors than players. The blackface Dual Showman circuit was introduced in
September 1963. The amps were covered in smooth blond tolex and had tan/gold grill cloth. The very first
batches of these amps (Prod. #2 for sure, but likely Prod. #1 as well) from September and October 1963 used
a quad of 7355 power tubes instead of 6L6GCs as the blonde Dual Showman (6G14-A) and most blackface
Dual Showman (AB763). This amp uses a completely unique output transformer (Part # 125A18A) not found
on any other amp though there is speculation and some evidence that a few of the very earliest Twin Reverbs
used 7355s since, like the Dual Showman, it was an 80 watt, 4 power tube amp with a 4 ohm output
transformer. In addition, the 1963 catalog specifically shows 7355 power tubes for the Twin, Showman and....
the Bassman and possibly the Concert!
Though we don't know why 7355s were used, perhaps Leo got a good deal from RCA on a boatload of these
tubes so he tried them out in the Dual Showman and Twin Reverb. So why did he switch back to 6L6GCs?
Probably because the 7355s aren't rated to operate at the higher voltages that the Dual Showman and Twin
Reverb could dish out. They are a smaller tube, similar to a 5881/6L6GB and hence can get hotter than a tube
with a larger envelope. By all accounts from two owners of Dual Showman with 7355s, they don't produce as
much power as a Twin Reverb or Dual Showman with 6L6GCs, though the tone is apparently acceptable.
These days 7355s aren't too easy to find either. Hence, these are reasons why players don't care about these
rarebirds very much and have converted some of them to use 6L6GCs. Debauchery!
Dating by Serial Number: Here's the part everyone has been waiting for. Yes, we are confident that we have
cracked the date codes on the reissue amps! We have some transformer date code information to support this,
too. There are two letters stamped on the tube chart on the line that says "Production." The first letter denotes
the year and the second letter denotes the month just like on the amps made in the '50s and '60s. However, the
reissue codes are as follows:
A = 1990 A = January
B = 1991 B = February
C = 1992 C = March
D = 1993 D = April
E = 1994 E = May
F = 1995 F = June
G = 1996 G = July
H = 1997 H = August
I = September
J = October
K = November
L = December
For example, reissue Bassman (s/n AA05559) with the Production Code EJ would have a production date of
October 1994.
Unfortunately, for the older amps, we still are not at the point where we can give any kind of definitive dating
scheme. To satisfy your thirst for knowledge, here's another sample from the database that shows that we are
on the right track, but that we desperately need more data sets:
A20599 Princeton Reverb 1968
A20979 Princeton Reverb
A21270 Princeton Reverb
A22267 Princeton Reverb
A23034 Princeton Reverb 1969
A23435 Princeton Reverb 1969
A24546 Princeton Reverb
A24588 Princeton Reverb 1969
A24824 Princeton Reverb
A24868 Princeton Reverb 1969
A25009 Princeton Reverb
A25261 Princeton Reverb 1969
A25946 Princeton Reverb
A26279 Princeton Reverb
A26512 Princeton Reverb
A26767 Princeton Reverb
A29800 Princeton Reverb
A30417 Princeton Reverb 1974
A31069 Princeton Reverb 1974
A32113 Princeton Reverb
A33977 Princeton Reverb
A34057 Princeton Reverb
A34476 Princeton Reverb
A34618 Princeton Reverb 1976
As you can see, we do get quite a bit of data without any date code info which create "holes" in the database.
This is problematic, but lately folks are feeling more comfortable finding the transformer date codes and sending
them to us with the serial number/model name for their silverface amps.
Reminder: We are still in need of information about any and all Fender tube amps. Everything is confidential, we
don't make record of who owns what amp in the database. What we need is the following information :
1) Serial Number
2) Model name
3) Model number on the tube chart
4) Date code letters on the tube chart
5) Speaker codes and model (if speaker is original)
6) Transformer codes (if the amp doesn't have date codes on the tube chart)
7) Cosmetic features (flat/raised logo, tweed/tolex, blackface/silverface, rough/
smooth blond tolex, white/skirted knobs, TV-front/wide-panel, etc.)
So please... use the hand form mentioned above, or send your amp data to the author c/o TCG Magazine or by
e-mail to greg@tcguitar.com. Thanks for your support and stay tuned for Part 3 of this series!
The author and his partners would like to thank those people who have sent us Fender amp information
(and you know who you are dahlings). Also thanks to the many dealers at the various guitar shows that
we visit for allowing us to make notes about the amps at their booths.
Dating Fender Tube Amps by Serial Number, Part 3
by Greg Gagliano
Copyright 1999, 20th Century Guitar Magazine.
I know, I know. It’s been over a year since Part 2 of this series was printed, but that’s because I’ve been busy
collecting data. For those readers who may have joined us recently, I am doing some Fender amp research along
with Devin Riebe and Greg Huntington. Our research efforts are now in their fourth year (will it ever end?). Part
1 and Part 2 of this series can be found in the March 1997 and November 1997 issues of TCG, respectively.
Again, I would like to thank everyone who responded to our request for data as outlined in Parts 1 and 2.
The main focus of this article will be speakers found in Fender amps, but before we get into that topic let's go
over a few other areas first.
Early silver face amps: Part 2 went into this topic in some detail, but since that article was printed, I have been
asked a lot of questions about this subject. There still seems to be some confusion about how to distinguish
between a silverface Fender amp that has the desirable AB763 circuit and one that has the less-desirable
AB568/AC568 circuit. Part of the confusion stems from the lack of any AB568 or AC568 tube charts. Fender
never printed any since there were plenty of leftover AB763 tube charts available and these were used well into
1969.
Although the cosmetics changed, the circuits remained unaltered from the blackface circuits on the earliest
silverface amps. The date of the change from the blackface circuit to the CBS silverface circuit was dependent
on the model, but most of the amps that were modified received the circuit change by mid-year of 1968.
The cosmetics of the silverface amps during the transition between circuits was also in transition making it difficult
to determine circuit type on cosmetics alone. The amps during this period could have the earliest style silverface
grill cloth or the more familiar silverface grill cloth. All of the amps would have the aluminum grill trim and they
may or may not have the thin black vertical lines on the control panel. One clue that can be used is the ink
stamped chassis date code that is usually located in the chassis, but is sometimes found on the underside of the
chassis behind the tubes. These read something like T020366 or F034267 where the "66" and "67" denote the
year and the "03" and "42" denote week of the year.
Of course, the most foolproof way is to pull the chassis and look at the layout. In fact, on the 40-watt and 80-
watt amps you can simply pull the chassis out about 2 inches and look for the big honking ceramic power
resistors that are connected to ground from the cathode (pin 8) of the power tubes. If those resistors are there,
the amp has the dreaded CBS silverface circuit. I am also confident that the serial number can be used as a
rough guide for determining the circuit, but again, pulling the chassis is the only way to confirm.
Transitional circuits: I've been getting quite a few reports from amp geeks about circuits that don't completely
match the schematic for a particular model. Leo Fender was notorious for tweaking circuits and the results of
some of his tinkering can be found on late examples of an amp prior to the switch to a new circuit. Also, the
different component values could be due to a necessary substitution on the production line when a particular
value was out of stock. Ran out of 100K ohm resistors? Stick a 90K in there: no one will notice or care (at least
not until the mid to late 1990s).
These changes have been observed on tweed, brown/blonde, and blackface models. Often the differences are
minor such as small changes in resistor or capacitor values. I had a '63 Concert with the 6G12-A circuit but had
a completely different (factory stock) bias supply circuit than shown on the schematic.
Perhaps the most surprising transitional circuit that has been reported to me (thanks Brian!) is for the early 1968
silverface Showman. Two examples are known to exist; one from the February-March period and one from the
March-April period. These amps have AB763 tube charts and normally any silverface amp made prior to May
1968 will have the AB763 (a.k.a. blackface) circuit. After April 1968, most of the big Fender amps received the
AC568 circuit, which is a semi-cathode biased design. However, these two Showman amps have a fully cathode
biased design that is factory stock!!! There is also an unconfirmed report of an early '68 Twin Reverb with the
cathode bias circuit. If you see one of these cathode biased amps, please let me know!
These amps do not have a bias trim pot. The wire from the two 220K ohm bias resistors is connected to the
brass control panel ground plate. The only thing connected to the bias cap/diode is the tremolo circuit. The
cathodes are tied together and connected to a single 165-ohm resistor and 80 mfd 150V bypass capacitor which
are both grounded at the other end. This cathode set up is similar to, but simpler than, the AC568 circuit. Every
other part of the circuit (power and preamp) is identical to the blackface AB763 schematic.
Perhaps these two Showman amps were field prototypes, experimental units, transitional between the AB763
and AC563 circuit, or just a plain bad idea. Bad because cathode biased amps run very hot especially those with
four power tubes (witness the Vox AC-30). In addition, a cathode biased Showman would produce something
around 50 watts of power instead of the 80-plus watts from a fixed (grid) bias Showman. According to the
owner of one of the cathode biased amps, it runs very hot; so hot that the tolex melted under the chassis
mounting strap near the power tubes! Also, the amp eats power tubes, does not have much headroom and
breaks up early.
Oddities: One of Leo's experiments or "one off" custom amps surfaced recently. It's a circa 1955 tweed
Tremolux (5E9) that has two factory stock Jensen Hi-Frequency tweeters with a passive crossover between the
Jensen P12R and the tweeters. I wonder if Leo was influenced by Magnatone's use of tweeters?
A few export model brown/blonde amps have surfaced that have a 6-way voltage selector switch located in the
chassis, instead of on the back of the chassis. This necessitates removing the chassis from the cab to change the
voltage setting (which would only be a problem if you hopping from country to country with the amp).
Interestingly, these amps have Triad power transformers while concurrently produced domestic models had
Schumacher units.
CBS era quality control: We've previously discussed the "OA" and "OB" date codes mistakenly stamped on
the tube charts of January 1966 and February 1966 amps, respectively. As well, we've discussed misspelling
"Division of Colombia Records Division" instead of "Division of Columbia Records Division" on the rear chassis
panel on some amps from late 1965 and early 1966.
These mistakes were merely cosmetic. There were quality lapses in the circuits themselves during the CBS years,
some of which had serious consequences. Examples of these include ceramic caps used in parallel to achieve the
correct value instead of a single cap, change to often inferior sounding "chocolate drop" caps, and incorrectly
wired circuits.
A friend brought me a '66 Princeton Reverb that was humming badly. I recognized the 60 cycle hum and thought
perhaps the filter caps were shot, but it turned out the two 100-ohm ground resistors for the tube filaments were
never installed at the factory!!! I’m surprised the Fender dealer didn't send the amp back and even more
surprised that somebody bought it with the way it was humming!
I also worked on a late '67 silverface Deluxe Reverb (with the blackface circuit) with an inoperable tremolo.
Boy, was I surprised to see that the tremolo circuit was wired incorrectly by the factory!!! Either the factory
worker was asleep at the wheel that day or there was a new hire that was still learning how to assemble amplifier
circuit boards. I tend to believe that the latter idea has some merit since Fender practically doubled its size after
the CBS takeover. Bigger facilities meant more workers with little or no experience.
Speakers: Like many people, I was a bit disappointed that Teagle and Sprung's Fender amp book did not have
much info on speakers. So, I have compiled a list of speakers used in Fender amps and took some photos of
some of them as well. The list, presented below, is based on our actual observations, but is not comprehensive.
If you have a Fender amp with a factory stock speaker other than one shown here, please let us know and we'll
add it to the list!
JBL: JBL speakers were optional (at additional cost) for nearly all models from 1960 to about 1980. JBL D-
series speakers had orange baskets and Fender by JBL labels in the 1970s. JBL D-series speakers can
generally handle upwards of 60 watts each. A pair of JBL D-120Fs in a Twin Reverb are only seeing about 40-
watts each (no sweat), but remember that no speaker likes to see square waveforms. So, driving the Twin with
any amount of distortion lowers the power handling capacity of the speaker, which makes any speaker more
susceptible to damage; even a high-wattage type like the JBL.
Jensen: Jensen was the prevalent stock speaker in Fender amps from 1946 through about 1961. As the story
goes, Leo Fender wanted Jensen to make some changes to speakers and either the speaker couldn't (price
constraints?) or wouldn't do so. That's when ol' Leo switched over to Oxford as the standard speaker (though
Jensens were still used from time to time). Just conjecture, but the lack of orders from Fender from 1962 - 65
must have hurt Jensen's pocketbook so they hit up the new owners of Fender (CBS) for some business. These
Jensens wear brown and gold Fender by Jensen label and were put into Fender amps beginning in late 1965
through about mid-1967. Some amp geeks don't like the way these Fender label Jensens sound, but let your
ears be your guide. I think they sound just spiffy.
Jensen Vibranto LI and MI series speakers (alnico magnets) and Jensen EM-series speakers (ceramic magnets),
while excellent, were not used by Fender. I have included them here because I get a lot of questions about them.
They are were often sold as replacements for blown speakers which is probably one reason why the ended up in
more than a few Fenders. The Vibranto LI series speakers had a lifetime warranty and it seems that Jensen went
out of the musical instrument speaker business just in time to avoid the claims. All speakers can and will fail
eventually (just like the hard disk on your computer); remember that.
Jensen speaker models denote their approximate power handling capacity and magnet type. The actual power
ratings have been published in several books so I'll discuss them in general terms here.
The R, S, and T suffixes denote a low power rating: good for Princetons and Champs, but the R is barely able to
handle the power of a Deluxe. The Q and P suffixes denote a medium power rating. These are especially good
for multi-speaker amps up to 40-watts since multiple speakers divide the amp's total output power between
them. For this reason, the P10Q is the speaker to have in the 5F6-A Bassman. Note that it does not appear that
Fender used the "P" rated speakers very often. The N and LL suffixes denote a high power rating, with "high
power" being a relative term. The P12N, on a good day, can handle 20 watts. It's no wonder that 80-watt Twins
easily shredded a pair of them. Note that Fender did not use the "L" rated speakers (but Ampeg and Leslie did).
Oxford: Oxford speakers codes work in a similar fashion, but it is the letter that denotes power handling. The
higher the letter, the higher the power rating. I found an Oxford ad in a 1960s trade magazine with the peak
power ratings of some speakers: K = 25 watts, L = 30 watts, M = 40 watts, and T = 45 watts (12" speaker) or
60 watts (15" speaker). It is important to note that these are peak power ratings, not RMS power. The RMS
rating is more realistic and is usually about half of the peak rating so use that as a rough guide.
The "J" rated speakers are usually found on 12-watt Princetons. The "K" rated speakers are found in reverb and
non-reverb Deluxes and in multi-speaker amps up to 40-watts such as the Tremolux and Concert. The "L" rated
speakers are found in reverb and non-reverb Deluxes, some Tremolux amps, and multi-speaker amps like the
blackface Concert, Super Reverb and Vibrolux Reverb. The "M" rated speakers had good service life in the
piggyback Bassman and Bandmaster amps, but were easily blown in blonde Twins. The "T" rated speakers were
standard in Twin Reverbs, but like the Jensen C12Ns, they often had a short service life.
Many amp geeks don't like Oxford speakers found in Fender amps from 1965 through the 1970s. The gap
distance was increased in the Oxfords that Fender used later in the decade and this reduced their efficiency (and
they were cheaper to make this way). Again, I say let your ears be your guide. I've heard many great sounding
Fender amps with Oxfords. I will admit that I prefer Jensens, but I've never let an Oxford speaker sway my
decision from owning a Fender amp. Additionally, the Oxfords from early '60s generally sound very good.
According to noted vintage amp specialist Gregg Hopkins, these early Oxfords were constructed similarly to
Jensens from that period with respect to materials and voice coil gap. That could explain why they sound good.
CTS: CTS (Chicago Telephone Supply!) speakers were used occasionally in Fender amps until the mid-1960s.
These are good quality speakers that tonally lie between Jensens and Oxfords. The alnico 10-inch CTS speaker
was the most prevalent speaker in Super Reverbs from the mid-1960s through the 1970s.
Utah: Fender didn't use Utah speakers very much until the 1970s. The Utah speakers from the '50s sound very
good and I've heard a killer '66 Super Reverb that was equipped with factory original Utahs. Generally, the Utah
speakers of the '70s weren't as great sounding as their predecessors, but again let your ears be your guide. If you
like the way your '75 Twin Reverb sounds with its Utah speakers, just leave it alone and go right on playing.
Utah went on to become Pyle of Radio Shack and car audio fame.
Eminence: Eminence has its roots in CTS (Mr. Gault left CTS to found Eminence) and many of the early
Eminence designs are similar or identical to CTS speakers (good examples of the similarities can be found in
mid-1970s Ampegs). Fender began using Eminence speakers as standard in nearly all of its tube amps beginning
in the early 1980s. These are generally made to Fender's specifications and in some cases, such as the reissue
'65 Twin Reverb, the speakers were designed to emulate the Jensen C12N speakers which were often found in
the original '65 Twin.
Rola: Yet another speaker that Fender used in the mid to late 1970s was Rola.
So in technical terms, why don't the non-Jensen speakers from the mid-1960s through the 1970s sound as good
as Jensen speakers? Speaker guru Ted Weber explains:
"Utah, CTS, Oxford, etc. simply copied the Jensen designs and started competing for Fender's business. As a
result of the price wars, they had figure out how to make the speakers produceable with a very low reject rate as
well as use less expensive parts, i.e. smaller magnets. So, they widened the gaps to make them easier to throw
together on a fast assembly line. This lowered the energy, so the voice coils were shortened to compensate. The
companies also needed to produce speakers with long term reliability, so they doped the surrounds. The end
result is that with some of these speakers you get a relatively sensitive driver that sounds great at lower volumes,
but falls apart when you push it -- flabby on the low end and/or harsh on the high end."
Replacement speakers: It is very common to find non-original speakers in Fender amps made up through about
1980. Because reconing wasn't a common option until the 1970s, players simply replaced the speakers if they
blew up. In some cases, such as Altec and JBL, the factory would recone a speaker. Today, reconing is a very
popular option for players to keep their amp's speakers original. Reconing must be done correctly and with the
right parts so stick with a reputable reconing service that offers a warranty. In most cases, the reconed speaker
will sound nearly as good or as good as the original. In some cases, the speaker will sound even better. The
reconed Oxford 12K5 in my Deluxe Reverb sounds better than any original cone 12K5 I've heard.
There is a strong market for used speakers. Many times a player can find an original speaker to replace the non-
original speaker. Another option is to install vintage style speakers. Jensen has reissued the C10Q, P10R and
P12N and WeberVST makes many models of Jensen-style alnico and ceramic speakers.
One final note before you scope out the speaker chart -- there are exceptions to every rule and this especially
applies to Fender! So, if you see a factory stock P12P in a tweed Deluxe, don't be overly surprised.
Amp Model Speaker(s)
Bandmaster 5C7, 5D7 (wide panel) Jensen P15N
Bandmaster 5E7, 6G7 (3x10) Jensen P10R, P10Q, Oxford
12K5R-1
Bandmaster 6G7-A Oxford 12M6, Jensen C12N
Bandmaster AB763 and silverface Oxford 12T6, Jensen C12N,
Utah 12"
Bandmaster Reverb Silverface Oxford, Utah 12"
Bantam Bass Silverface Yamaha trapezoidal
Bassman 5B6, 5C6 Jensen P15N
Bassman 5D6, 5E6-A, 5F6, 5F6-A Jensen P10R, P10Q
Bassman 6G6 , 6G6-A, 6G6-B Oxford 12M6; Jensen C12N
Bassman AA864, AA165 Oxford 12T6; Jensen C12N;
Utah ceramic
Bassman Silverface Oxford 12T6; Utah; Rola
Bassman Ten Silverface CTS 10" ceramic
Champ 5C1, 5D1 Cleveland 6" alnico, Jensen P6T
Champ 5E1, 5F1 Oxford 8EV; Jensen P8T; CTS
8" alnico
Champ AA764, silverface Oxford 8EV
Concert 5G12, 6G12 Jensen P10R, P10Q
Concert 6G12-A Jensen P10R, P10Q, C10R;
Oxford 10K5
Concert AB763 Oxford 10K5, 10L5; Utah
V10LXC1
Deluxe 5B3, 5C3, 5D3 Jensen P12R
Deluxe 5E3 Jensen P12R, P12Q
Deluxe 6G3, AB763 Oxford 12K5-6
Harvard 5F10, 6G10 Jensen P10R
Musicmaster Bass Silverface CTS 12" ceramic; Oxford
126PJ4
Quad Reverb Silverface Oxford 12T6; Utah V12PC;
Rola
Princeton 5C2, 5D2, 5F2, 5F2-A Jensen P8T; Oxford 8EV;
Cleveland 8"
Princeton 6G2, AA964 Oxford 10J4; Jensen C10R
Princeton Silverface Oxford 10J4
Princeton Reverb AA1164 Oxford 10J4, 10L5; Jensen
C10R, C10N
Princeton Reverb Silverface Oxford 10J4; CTS
Pro 5A5 Jensen F15N (field coil), P15N
Pro 5B5, 5C5, 5D5 Jensen P15N
Pro 5E5, 5E5-A Jensen P15N
Pro 6G5, 6G5-A Jensen P15N; Oxford 15M6
Pro AB763 Jensen C15P; CTS 15" ceramic
Pro Reverb AA165 Jensen C12N; Oxford 12L6
Pro Reverb Silverface Oxford 12L6, 12T6; Utah,
Rola 12" ceramic
Showman 12 6G14, 6G14-A, AB763 JBL D120F with tone ring
Showman 6G14, 6G14-A, AB763 JBL D130F with tone ring
Dual Showman AB763 JBL D130F
Dual Showman Rev Silverface JBL D130F
Super 5B4, 5C4, 5D4, 5E4, 5E4-A Jensen P10R
Super 5F4 Jensen P10R, P10Q
Super 6G4, 6G4-A Jensen P10R, P10Q; Oxford
10K5
Super Reverb AA763, early AB763 Jensen C10R
Super Reverb AB763, silverface CTS 10" alnico or ceramic;
Oxford 10L6; Rola 10" ceramic
Super Six Reverb Silverface Oxford 10L6; CTS 10" alnico
Tremolux 5E9-A Jensen P12R; P12Q
Tremolux 6G9, 6G9-A Jensen P10Q or Oxford
10K5R w/tone ring
Tremolux 6G9-B Oxford 10K5
Tremolux AB763 Oxford 10K5, 10L5; CTS 10"
ceramic
Twin 5C8, 5D8, 5E8-A Jensen P12R; P12Q
Twin 5F8, 6G8 Jensen P12N
Twin 6G8, 6G8-A Jensen P12N; Oxford 12M6
Twin Reverb AB763 Jensen C12N; Oxford 12T6
Twin Reverb Silverface Oxford 12T6; EV; Gauss;
Utah; Rola
Vibro Champ/Bronco All Oxford 8EV
Vibrolux 5E11, 5F11 Jensen P10R
Vibrolux 6G11, 6G11-A, AB763 Oxford 12L6, 12M6
Vibrolux Reverb AA864, AA964 Jensen C10Q; Oxford 10L5
Vibrolux Reverb Silverface Oxford 10L5; CTS 10" alnico
Vibrasonic 5G13, 6G13-A JBL D130, D130F
Vibrosonic Reverb Silverface JBL D130F, K130F; Gauss;
EV
Vibroverb 6G16 Oxford 10K5
Vibroverb AA763, AB763 JBL D130F; Jensen C15N;
CTS 15" ceramic
A New Internet Resource: Over the last 12 months or so, I've had several people ask me to put together
some sort of Fender amp guide on my web site. A great idea, but I simply didn't (and still don't) have time for
such a venture. However, Mark Ware thought it was a good idea, too, and he put together a very informative
Fender Amp Field Guide. The site is nicely done and includes descriptions, pictures, and schematics for Fender
tube amps as well as other Fendercentric information.
Dating by Serial Number Update: The good news is that good progress is being made, but I am in fact, still
desperate (if you could only see the pitiful look on my face right now) for more info, especially for tweed, brown,
blonde and silverface amps. I have practically no information for some models like the Bassman 100 and other
"non-popular" silverface amps. And keep those blackface amp data coming! Also, I need more information from
reissue '63 Vibroverb amps and Custom Vibrolux Reverb amps.
I'm still trying to make sense of the "mysterious" production numbers and this is one area where I don't have a lot
of info: mainly because production numbers were not written on a lot of the tube charts. However, the next
article in this series (Part 4) will discuss some preliminary production trends (oh boy!). Were 1,000 or 10,000 or
100,000 Super Reverbs made? Stay tuned.
Reminder: We are still in need of information about any and all Fender tube amps. Everything is confidential,
we don't make record of who owns what amp in the database. What we need is the following:
1) Model name
2) Model number on the tube chart
3) Date code letters on the tube chart
4) Production number on the tube chart
5) Speaker codes and model (if speaker is original)
6) Transformer codes (if the amp doesn't have date codes on the tube chart)
7) Cosmetic features (flat/raised logo, tweed/tolex, blackface/silverface, rough/
smooth blond tolex, white/skirted knobs, TV-front/wide-panel, etc.)
So please... send your amp data to the author c/o TCG Magazine. Thanks for your support and stay tuned for
Part 4 of this series!
Special thanks to Gregg Hopkins at Vintage Amp Restoration, St. Louis, Missouri for allowing me to
photograph the speakers from his inventory.
The author and his partners would like to thank those people who have sent us Fender amp information
(and you know who you are dahlings). Also thanks to the many dealers that we visit for allowing us to
make notes about the amps in their shops and at their guitar show booths.
DATING FENDER AMPS BY SERIAL NUMBER, PART IV
by Greg Gagliano
Copyright 2001, 20th Century Guitar Magazine
Yes, I know it's been exactly two years since the last installment in this series. Before we get into the amp info,
let me give you an update on what's been going on since I've been getting a lot of e-mail asking when the results
of the research is going to be available.
First, we (Devin Riebe, Greg Huntington and myself) must collect enough information to be able to date amps by
serial and determine production totals. "Enough" means an adequate amount of information to identify trends with
reasonable certainty. Sadly, the majority of information we gather does not have any details about possible date
of manufacture (pot dates, transformer dates, tube chart date codes, etc.) and without this important info, the
research takes longer.
Second, we are very dependent on information sharing. Devin, Greg and I do collect data on our own, but the
research goes much more quickly when we receive information from other sources, i.e. other people. And it's not
always easy to collect data ourselves. Some stores and dealers at guitar shows are very happy to let use inspect
their amps while others go ballistic and show us the door. Some collectors send information, others, upon first
contact, run away to their secret underground amp lairs never to be heard from again. But we persevere through
thick and thin.
This brings us to another topic which I will briefly mention. Many, many nice people from the United States,
Canada, South America, Europe, Australia, New Zealand, and Japan have contributed information to our
research and we are extremely grateful to all of you (and you know who you are dah'lings). I try my best to
answer each and every e-mail that I receive that either requests information or that submits info for our research.
Sometimes my answers are very short, but that's usually because I have a lot of other e-mail to read and answer.
It's not because I'm trying to brush any one aside.
Occasionally, we have to deal with mean people who do not wish to contribute data as they feel our research is
a one-way street. Honestly, I don't understand why they the bother writing if they don't want to contribute. Just
don't contact us, it's that easy, sheesh. I find their rhetoric tiresome, but as the authors of the Ampeg book and I
discovered during our Ampeg research, mean people are just part of the game. Ironically, it's the mean people
who most often ask to see our results: a one-way street, their way! Thankfully, the nice people far outnumber the
mean people and I again want to thank all the nice people for their support and encouragement as well as for the
information they provide.
Third, this is hard work. I could probably earn a Ph.D. from this project. Sometimes we need to take a break
and taking a break means not making any progress. We don't get paid for this and we all have day jobs. This is a
hobby for us and a labor of love, or insanity, take your pick.
Lastly, during the course of our studies we've come across several complicating factors that have slowed things
up. We're are more frequently encountering "parts amps". As with vintage Fender guitars, Fender amps (which
have lots of bolt-on parts) are being modified to make a less desirable amp (silverface) into s more desirable one
(blackface). Most of this are really easy to spot, but we still have to weed through this "parts amps" to figure out
what they are or aren't (be careful out there!). As mentioned in previous installments in this series, the majority of
Fender amps are serialized by model and/or chassis type. Many of these serialization schemes changed within a
given model. Also, there is some duplication of serial numbers for a given model. I will go into the details of the
serial number systems in the next article, but needless to say, it makes thing much more difficult for us.
If you would like to contribute information to our research you can do so by e-mail (tcguitar@tcguitar.com). All
the info is entered anonymously and we don't keep records of who sent what info.
Also please note, thanks to Mr. Gearhead (see below), we are no longer collecting data for any Fender tube
amp made after 1984, except Reissue models (we still want info for those!). Solid state amps were, and still
remain, excluded from our research. That means we don't need info for models such as The Twin, Pro Jr., Blues
Deluxe, Sedan deVille, etc. But we do want info for the '59 Bassman, '63 Vibroverb, '65 Twin Reverb, '65
Deluxe Reverb, '63 Reverb Unit, Custom Vibrolux Reverb (not a true reissue, but what the heck, we dig it) and
the newly released '65 Super Reverb. Call us vintage snobs, but we gotta draw the line somewhere.
For those of you with "modern" Fender amps (tube or solid state made after 1989) or Fender reissue amps, you
can go to FMIC's "Mr. Gearhead" web site (www.mrgearhead.net) which now explains how to date these amps
based on codes and serial numbers. We cracked the reissue amp code here first (kudos to us, see TCG Nov.
1997), but the Mr. Gearhead site is very convenient.
Now that we're up to date, let me pass along some interesting tidbits of info that have surfaced in the last year or
so.
There are some silverface Twin Reverbs from circa 1970 and Vibro Champs from circa 1973 without an "A"
prefix in the serial number (I hate when that happens). Several Twin Reverbs from late 1971 (specifically
October) have been observed with master volume chassis holes, but with conventional faceplates. This would
indicate that FMI was already thinking about the change to the master volume circuit in Fall 1971 and probably
even earlier.
Regarding model numbers, the model number for the Super Six Reverb is CFA7106 and the model number for
the Quad Reverb is CFA7104. It appears that the last digit refers to the number of speakers. Since these model
numbers are for the master volume models which shared the same chassis and circuit as the master volume Twin
Reverb, I have to wonder if the model number for the master volume Twin (2x12) would be CFA7102 and the
Vibrosonic Reverb (1x15) would be CFA7101. I haven't yet found the model numbers for these amps with the
ultralinear circuit. The "D" suffix in the model numbers for the Dual Showman Reverb (TFL5000D) and
Bandmaster Reverb (TFL5005D) denotes an amp for Domestic sale. Those with an "X" suffix, such as
TFL5005X, were for eXport sale.
And speaking of export amps, I have several reports from Sweden that Fender export models from that country
do not have the usual multitap power transformer with selector switch on the back of the chassis. Rather they are
hardwired for 220V to meet the Swedish equivalent of U.L. approval. Another interesting tidbit is that Fender
amps may have been distributed in Sweden by Hagstrom.
One frequently asked question I receive is "What is the difference between the AA763 and AB763 circuit for a
Super Reverb (or Twin Reverb or Deluxe Reverb)?" For those without access to schematics, here are the
differences:
AA763 AB763
Tone Cap .033 uf cap .047 uf cap
Reverb 4.7M resistor 3.3M resistor
Tremolo 56K resistor 100K resistor
Phase Inverter 27K/100K resistors 22K/82K resistors
Grid stoppers None 1.5K resistor
The most important difference is the addition of the grid stoppers (safety first!). The only major difference in tone
between the two circuits would be attributable to the different tone caps (.033 vs. .047). The .033 cap would
yield slightly more midrange, but I don't think it would be very noticeable.
For some models like the blackface Concert, there was no change in phase-inverter resistor values, and no
changes in tone stack cap values (fascinating!). And for other models, the tone stack did not change from .033 to
.047 uf, but rather from .033 to .022 uf. The Bandmasters also saw no change in tone stack cap values between
the AA763 and AB763 circuits. The "universal" changes do seem to be the oscillator circuit, cathode resistor
change from 56K to 100K, and the addition of the 1500-ohm grid stopper resistors.
Did you know that early blackface amps (1963) do not have white silk screening around the bright switches? It's
not certain when Fender added the white rectangle around the bright switches, but they are there by early 1964.
Whether this was added before the end of 1963 is not known (yet). This feature would have been phased-in at
slightly different times for the different amps as faceplates were ordered and used in somewhat different amounts
and at somewhat different rates for each model.
Some general information about cabinet construction: solid pine, finger-joined cabinet construction from 1946 to
circa 1972. An interesting feature on the tweed-style cabinets is the use of a dowel reinforcement in the top on
either side of chassis. You can't see the dowels unless the tweed covering is removed, but this reinforcement
prevented the wood from splitting due to the weight of the chassis.
Baffle boards were made of plywood from 1946 to 1962. Particle board (some call it MDF - medium density
fiberboard) baffles debuted in 1963 and were used through the early 1980s. The baffle board was removable on
amps made from 1948 to about 1972 and glued-in thereafter.
From circa 1972 to the early 1980s, the cabinets were no longer made from solid pine boards, but cheaper
laminated, multi-piece pine boards. Each side of the cabinet was made from several pieces about three or four
inches wide, glued side-to-side, to make up a plank the depth of the cabinet. These laminated cabs were not
finger joined, but rabbet joined. The baffle board on these rabbet joined cabinets was mortised into the sides and
bottom (i.e. not removable) to hold the whole thing together. That's why these post-1972 cabinets have the grill
cloth stretched across a frame that is attached by a velcro-like system to the baffle. CBS almost certainly went to
this construction method to save money, though at the expense of overall quality.
And with Fender, there are always exceptions to the rule. I have received reports of some pre-CBS blackface
amps with one or more sides made from a multi-piece board. As well, I have received reports of some particle
board bottoms used in master volume-era silverface amps.
I'm often asked if the marking on the inside of the cabinets are date codes. Sometimes date codes are ink
stamped on the inside of the cabinet (mainly blackface and silverface amps including the piggyback speaker
cabs), but those handwritten numbers you see in wax pencil or lumber crayon are actually matching marks. As a
worker would through a run of cabinets and fit baffles to each one, he would mark the cab and baffle so they
could be "married up" again after the baffle was grilled. The cabs were probably numbered sequentially within the
production run. The number did not have any relationship to a particular employee though Sam Hutton is known
to have marked the cabinets he assembled (usually in yellow lumber crayon) with an "S" superimposed over an
"H" which looks like a $ with two strikes instead of one.
We've received some interesting reports about some oddball amps. The first was a 1960 brown Super Amp.
The latest date code on it indicated 30th week of 1960 and the circuit and layout were neither 6G4 nor 6G4-A.
This must have been one of those "Leo messed with it" amps that Forrest White speaks of in his book. This
circuit is unique and transitional - part 6G4 in places, part 6G4-A in places, part "unique experimentation" in
places.
An October 1963 Deluxe Reverb was reported with transformers (all Schumacher) all dated to mid-1963,
except the reverb drive transformer which dated to December 62! The tube chart indicated the AA763 circuit,
but there were some very strange original resistor values inside. Specifically, the reverb drive tube's cathode bias
resistor was a 1K, 1-watt, instead of the normal 2.2K, ½-watt. The tail resistor in the phase inverter was 6.8K,
the plate load resistors in the phase inverter were 47K and 56K instead of the normal (for AA763) 100K. The
bias feed resistors were 68K instead of the normal 220K, and there was a disc ceramic cap on the board
connected between the phase inverter plates. The ceramic cap is more commonly found on brown and blonde
amps to prevent parasitic oscillation.
Some amp techs have observed examples of blonde and blackface amps with power transformers without
center-tapped filament windings. These amps are usually the ones that have "hum" problems if they don't have
100-filament resistors added. Somewhere along the line Fender went to a center-tapped filament winding and no
100-ohm filament resistors. These amps could be modified simply by lifting the center tap, and installing the 100-
ohm resistors in the usual place on the power lamp socket. If a filament in a tube shorts (happens most often in
power tubes) it is a lot cheaper to replace a 10-cent resistor or two, than an $100 power transformer.
Fender's sudden transition from cloth wire to thick PVC wire (in pastel greens, white & yellows) is well
documented by anyone who has ever pulled a chassis. Sometime in late 1968, the cloth covered wire went
away. However, several amps from the late '60s (non-reverb Princeton, Vibrolux Reverb, Bandmaster Reverb,
and possibly a Deluxe Reverb) with oddball wire have been reported. The Princeton Amp was an early-mid
1969 model entirely wired (factory original & stock) with thinwall, 22awg irradiated PVC (IPVC) wiring. IPVC
wiring is usually found in electronics like computers, not lo-fi amps. Keep your eyes peeled for wire with very
thin, cream to yellow insulation. It's likely IPVC.
Scanning a few internet discussion pages, I've noticed quite a bit of misinformation going around regarding
Fender tube amps mainly from people who haven't studied the available published literature on Fender amps, i.e.
they haven't been reading these articles in TCG. The good thing is that the misinformation is often corrected by
someone who is knowledgeable. One of the most common topics that falls into this category is early silverface
amps. Here's a very quick summary that may be helpful: the earliest silverface amps were made in 1967 not
1968, not all "drip edge" silverface amps are from 1968 or 1969 (they could be from 1967), not all "black line"
drip edge silverface amps have the blackface circuit except for Vibrolux Reverbs, Deluxe Reverbs, Princetons,
Princeton Reverbs, Champs, Vibro Champs, and Broncos.
I'll leave you with a bit of juicy info, namely, some preliminary production estimates for several random amp
models. This info will be further refined and presented in a future article (and y' all can hardly wait, I know).
Bassman (blonde) 12,000 units
Princeton Reverb (blackface) 19,000 units
Tremolux (blackface) 8,000 units
Vibrolux Reverb (blackface) 10,000 units
Vibroverb (reissue) 6,000 units
Special thanks to amp tech guru and fellow Jersey Boy, Mark Norwine at Carlson Amplification Inc., and Gregg
"Portaflex" Hopkins at Vintage Amp Restoration for contributing interesting and fun facts to this series.
DATING FENDER AMPS BY SERIAL NUMBER, PART V
by Greg Gagliano
Copyright 2002, 20th Century Guitar Magazine
They said it couldn't be done!
Over 6 years in the making!
Finally, what everyone has been waiting for!
How to date Fender amps by serial number!!
Okay, I know you're all just dying to skip ahead to the serial number tables but try to contain your excitement
and read through the article first. I promise the tables will still be there after you finish reading. Besides, no
article in the Dating Fender Amps by Serial Number series would be complete without some interesting
information, n'est ce pas?
FUN FACTS
Oddlings - Yet another printing error has surfaced, this time from the FEI (pre-CBS) days. A 1957 tweed
Vibrolux was reported with a tube chart printed with circuit "5E3" (tweed Deluxe) instead of the correct 5F11
(see photo). Clearly Fender wasn't afraid to use incorrect parts when they were in a bind. We also received a
report of a tweed 5G12 Concert. The 5G12 Concert is the earliest version from very late 1959 and early 1960
so the existence of a tweed example, while extremely rare, is certainly plausible since Fender was making lots of
tweed amps during the same time period. It’s unknown if the tweed covering was a mistake ("Oops, I thought
this was a 4x10 Bassman cabinet that I was covering") or intentional, perhaps as a special order.
Non-Schumacher transformers - It's been universally accepted that Fender only used Schumacher transformers
on amps made in the 1960s and 1970s. These are marked with EIA code "606" which is the company number
for Schumacher. Well, this universal "truth" was debunked when we found a bunch of amps with transformers
made by the Better Coil and Transformers company. These are marked with EIA code "831" and are most
prevalent during the 1966-68 time period. Some examples include a '66 Princeton Reverb and '6 Pro Reverb
with Better Coil output transformer, a '66 Deluxe Reverb and '67 Twin Reverb with Better Coil reverb
transformer, and a 1968 Vibro Champ with Better Coil trannies. These units look, and apparently sound, just
like the Schumacher-made units so it's easy to overlook that "831" code.
Working at FMI - I was able to interview a fellow (who wishes to remain anonymous) who worked at Fender in
1972-73 in the amp department. Although his job was somewhat limited, his recollections provided some really
fascinating insights to how the amps were built. For instance, he confirmed our assumption that the amp chassis
were put into stock after being stamped with serial numbers and that the chassis were pulled from the stock bins
randomly (just as with Fender guitar neck plates). He recalled, "We just went to a big bin every morning and
loaded our wheeled rack with a batch of whatever chassis we were working on that day. The boss came around
and said what we'd be building. The chassis weren't used chronologically. Probably the same as the pots and
transformers that we just dug out of the boxes. I think in the corners of the boxes were older pots remaining
from earlier dates... leftovers."
Regarding production he recounted the following information: "I think I remember being 'pushed' to come up
with 30 of the simpler chassis (Super Reverb?) per day. I think the better, older hands did 35 a day. Like I
said, there were 5 or 6 of us at the benches every day. But it wasn't always 'cool guitar' amps, sometimes I was
making Fender Rhodes Satellite amps on bent aluminum, sometimes only Champs. I remember two 'suits' from
upstairs standing behind me occasionally doing time studies. They actually held clipboards and stopwatches to
measure how long it took for me to attach various parts. Of course I tended to hurry more when they were
there, and I would fumble more, too."
Another really interesting fact was that he recalled that the eyelet boards were loaded/wired/soldered in Mexico!
"I remember the circuit boards were pre-made, from Mexico, easy to screw into the chassis. Same with the little
rectifier boards. When we had filled our cart we'd wheel it over to the Chicano chicks. They were something to
behold, all chatting away while soldering so quickly, it didn't hardly seem like they were looking at the amps.
After that the foreman would add the tubes, turn 'em on and set the bias."
Export models - We've confirmed that Fender amps were distributed by Hagström in Sweden. Not only that,
but to meet Swedish safety codes, Hagström removed the external voltage selector switch (fitted to all blackface
and silverface export models) and hardwired it internally (see photos). Notice that the original Fender back
panel was removed and replaced with a Hagström panel. One has to wonder where all those factory original
export back panels are! Maybe they'll show up on eBay. Another interesting tidbit is that a lot of Fenders were
imported into Australia in the late 1950s and early 1960s that were stock 110-volt (domestic US) units. The
Australian Fender Distributor then installed 240V - 110V stepdown transformers in the bottom of the cabinets.
Mid-1968 Super Reverb export model
modified by Hagström for the
Swedish market. Note the removal
of the voltage selector switch and
hard-wiring. Also note the vertical
black lines on the control panel
(found on earliest silverface amps)
and the large ceramic power resistors
coming off the power tube sockets
which indicates the AB568 circuit.
I Didn't Know That! Some Fender amp
expert I turned out to be. I just
discovered that the silverface
Bandmaster speaker cabinet (the big,
tall one without tilt-back legs) is ported
(see photo). I thought they were completely sealed units. I guess this is what the 1969 catalog refers to as
"large, individual specially designed baffles." And all along I thought the big n' tall silverface cabs were just a
macho thing to compete against the awesome looks of a Marshall half stack or full stack. But really, these cabs
were large because they were of a "special design" that “greatly improves tone and volume without distortion,
and permits optimum performance of the speakers. At least that's the reason according to the '69 catalog.
Also, another thing I've never seen before is a what appears to be a shipping tag of some sort (see photo). Note
the check boxes for DOM (domestic US model), EXP (export model), CSA (Canada model), STD (standard)
and SPEC (special). I have to wonder how often Fender used the SPEC check box and what features a
"special" amp or cabinet would have?! Since the new owner would have likely removed this tag immediately
upon arriving home, I’m amazed that the one in the photo has remained intact since mid-1968!
PRODUCTION
Along with dating amps by serial numbers, we were interested in determining production totals, if possible.
There is some debate about how to interpret the production code information on late '50s to mid-1967 tube
charts and Greg Huntington is still working with those. One thing we know for sure is that production codes can
help date an amp to a particular month within a given model run. Greg and I also disagree about determining
production from serial numbers. I will present my hypothesis here and let Greg present his side of the story in a
future article.
Unlike serial numbers used for most Fender guitars and basses, we know that serial number sequences are
unique to a particular model or a family of models of amplifiers. This is similar to the early '50s Telecaster and
Precision Bass having their own unique serial number system. Because the serial numbers are for a particular
model and that chassis were stamped sequentially, is reasonable to assume that the serial number infers the Nth
unit manufactured. Some caution is advised since it is likely that not all chassis were used due to defects or that
duplicate serial numbers may have been stamped. Since these two scenarios are probably a very small
percentage (or fraction of a percent) of total production, I’ve chosen to ignore them.
Another caveat is that it's impossible to determine the production totals for "family" models, that is, models that
share a common chassis. These "families" are: the Vibrasonic (6G13) and blonde Showman (6G14); the
narrow panel tweed Super, Bandmaster, and Pro; the brown Vibrolux (6G11) and blonde Tremolux (6G9); the
blackface Vibrolux (AB763) and blackface Tremolux (AB763); the brown Super, Pro, Concert and blonde
Bandmaster (6G7); the silverface Super Reverb and Bandmaster Reverb; the blackface Pro, Concert and
Bandmaster; the Vibro Champ and Bronco; the non-master volume Twin Reverb and Dual Showman Reverb;
and the master volume Twin Reverb, Quad Reverb, Super Six Reverb, Dual Showman Reverb, and Vibrosonic
Reverb. There is no way to separate out production for these models, but with enough data, we might be able to
do some frequency distribution and such to determine a rough estimate.
For the uniquely serialized models, the production estimates using my hypothesis, can be determined from the
serial number tables. This info may make some vintage dealers cringe when they find out how common some of
these amps really are, but that's just tough noogies. For example, the serial numbers for 5F6 and 5F6-A
Bassman amps run from BM00001 to BM04600 therefore we can conclude that there were about 4,600 units
made. How about those rarebird Vibroverbs? Well, the serial numbers for the brown Vibroverb run from
00100 to 00600 indicating a total production of around 500 units, and the serial numbers for the blackface
Vibroverb run from A00100 to A05300 indicating a total production of around 5,200 units. The brown Deluxe
is less common at about 4,800 units made (serial numbers run from D00100 to D04900). Anyway, you get the
idea.
Just remember that if you're interested in production from a "family" model listed above, you cannot use this
method. For instance, the serial numbers for tweed Bandmaster (3x10) run from S00001 to S03700. At first
glance you'd think there were about 3,700 Bandmasters made, but you'd be wrong. Remember, this model
shares a chassis with the narrow panel tweed Pro and Super. Therefore, the only thing we can infer is that there
were 3,700 tweed Bandmasters, Pros, and Supers made in total. Sure, you could assume that if production
was equal between models that there may have been 1,233 units of each model made, but currently we don't
have the data to support this kind of inference.
DATING
The tables are pretty much self-explanatory, but here are some guidelines to keep in mind when using the tables
to date your amp. First, the tables should be used as a guide only. You'll still need to look at various features
and date codes to absolutely confirm a year of manufacture. Large overlaps in years may be due to lack of
sufficient data (late 1940s to mid 1960s) or simply that the stamped chassis were used way out sequence (mid
1960s to early 1970s). Some, but not all, export models don't fit exactly into the sequence given and are usually
from a year or two later than the serial number would otherwise indicate. Silverface amps without the "A" prefix
are generally from the 1970-71 time period and the dating tables can be used to date them if you add an "A"
prefix.
Please note (this is very important) that there are many exceptions to the "rules" I have outlined here. Though
rare, there are some amps with bizarro serial number letter-prefixes and/or missing expected prefixes that don't
fit the tables. Thankfully, these aberrations are pretty rare. Just as with Fender guitars, you'll find serial numbers
that should fall in a certain year, but don't. Example: Vibrolux Reverb with serial number A756254 should be a
’77, but the latest date-coded parts date it to 1978. Some serial numbers have a letter prefix plus 4-digits
instead of the usual 5- or 6-digits. Likewise there are some serial numbers with an extra digit (usually a zero)
after the letter prefix. Again, these are rare and exceptions to the norm.
Finally, if you don't see a particular model or year listed, it is because 1) there wasn't enough data to generate a
dating table or 2) it falls under the “universal” scheme for A6-, A7-, A8-, A9-, B-, or F-series serial numbers.
In the case of early tweed amps, there simply isn't enough info available at this time to accurately date these by
serial number, though some rough guidance is provided. Same goes for Princetons made after 1966.
Don't get all bent out of shape if you see a model that wasn't "supposed" to be made in a certain year. Case in
point; we have documented two factory-original non-reverb blackface Deluxe Amps from January 1967. The
model was supposedly discontinued in 1966. Remember, FMI didn't like to waste anything (witness the Custom
and Swinger guitars) so using up the remaining AB763 Deluxe chassis wouldn't be a surprise.
DATING TABLES
For mid to late '70s silverface amps and early '80s "blackface" models, the serial numbers are date encoded
much the same way as Fender guitars from the late '70s:
A6 + 5-digits - 1976
A7 + 5-digits - 1977
A8 + 5-digits - 1978
A9 + 5-digits - 1979
B + 5-digits - 1975, 1976
F0 + 5-digits - 1980
F1 + 5-digits - 1981
F2 + 5-digits - 1982
F3 + 5-digits - 1983
F4 + 5-digits - 1984
F9 + 5-digits - 1979, 1980
Examples: Vibrolux Reverb with serial number A756154 (A7 = 1977), Princeton Reverb II with serial number
F077698 (F0 = 1980), and Super Reverb with serial number B10753 (B = 1975 or 1976). Note, there is
enough data for B-series Twin Reverbs (and variants) to differentiate between 1975 and 1976. These are listed
in the dating table. Unfortunately, there isn't enough data for other B-series models to identify the '75s from the
'76s, but with your help, hopefully we'll collect enough info to do this for a future article.
Bandmaster 5C7, 5D7 (tweed)
0001 to 0800 - 1953
5000 to 5500 - 1954
Bandmaster 5E7 (tweed)
S00001 to S00350 - 1955
S00350 to S01200 - 1956
S01100 to S01800 - 1957
S01700 to S02500 - 1958
S02500 to S03700 - 1959
Bandmaster 5G7, 6G7 (brown)
00001 to 01000 - 1960
Bandmaster 6G7, 6G7-A (blonde)
00001 to 02400 - 1960
02300 to 05100 - 1961
49000 to 58000 - 1962
58000 to 59200 - 1963
Bandmaster AA763, AB763 (blackface)
A00001 to A01700 - 1963
A01400 to A08000 - 1964
A07700 to A17000 - 1965
A16000 to A22000 - 1966
A20000 to A27000 - 1967
Bandmaster AB763, AC568 (silverface)
A26000 to A29000 - 1967
A28000 to A34000 - 1968
A33000 to A34000 - 1969
A34000 to A45000 - 1970-72
Bandmaster Reverb AA768, AA1069, AA270, TFL5005 (silverface)
A31000 to A35000 - 1968
A35000 to A45000 - 1969
A45000 to A49000 - 1970
A48000 to A54000 - 1971
A54000 to A59000 - 1972
A59000 to A66000 - 1973
A66000 to A77000 - 1974
A75000 to A78000 - 1975
A78000 to A80000 - 1976
Bassman 5B6 (tweed)
0001 to 0300 - 1951
0300 to 0400 - 1952
0400 to 0600 - 1953
Bassman 5D6, 5D6-A (tweed)
0600 to 0900 - 1954
Bassman 5E6, 5E6-A (tweed)
0100 to 0200 - 1955
BM00001 to BM00550 - 1955
BM00550 to BM01200 - 1956
BM01200 to BM01600 - 1957
Bassman 5F6, 5F6-A (tweed)
BM00001 to BM00400 - 1957
BM00400 to BM01500 - 1958
BM01500 to BM03100 - 1959
BM03100 to BM04600 - 1960
Bassman 6G6, 6G6-A, 6G6-B (blonde)
BP00100 to BP01100 - 1961
BP01100 to BP05000 - 1962
BP05000 to BP08400 - 1963
BP08400 to BP12000 - 1964
Bassman AA864, AA165, AB165 (blackface)
A00100 to A03800 - 1964
A03800 to A15000 - 1965
A15000 to A25000 - 1966
A24000 to A33000 - 1967
Bassman AB165, AC568, AA270, AA371 (silverface)
A32000 to A40000 - 1967
A39000 to A49000 - 1968
A48000 to A58000 - 1969
A58000 to A60000 - 1970
Bronco AB764 (silverface)
A19000 to A21000 - 1967
A20000 to A26000 - 1968
A25000 to A28000 - 1969
A28000 to A29000 - 1970
A29000 to A32000 - 1971
A32000 to A35000 - 1972
A33000 to A39000 - 1973
A39000 to A42000 - 1974
A42000 to A51000 - 1975
Champion 800 (tweed)
01 to 1000 - 1948-49
Champion 600 5B1 (tweed)
01 to 1300 - 1948-49
1300 to 1700 - 1950
1700 to 5000 - 1951-52
5000 to 5500 - 1953
Champ 5C1, 5D1 (tweed)
5500 to 6600 - 1953
6600 to 8000 - 1954
8000 to 9999 - 1955
Champ 5E1, 5F1 (tweed)
C00001 to C00800 - 1955
C00800 to C03100 - 1956
C03100 to C06000 - 1957
C06000 to C08800 - 1958
C08800 to C12500 - 1959
C12500 to C15500 - 1960
C15500 to C16800 - 1961
C17000 to C19000 - 1962
C19000 to C21000 - 1963
C21000 to C23000 - 1964
Champ AA764 (blackface)
A00100 to A02000 - 1964
A01900 to A05200 - 1965
A05200 to A12000 - 1966
A12000 to A12200 - 1967
Champ AA764 (silverface)
A12200 to A13900 - 1968
A13900 to A18000 - 1969
A18000 to A30500 - 1970
A30500 to A32000 - 1971
A32000 to A35000 - 1972
A32000 to A42000 - 1973
A42000 to A50000 - 1974
A50000 to A63000 - 1975
A63000 to A85000 - 1976
Concert 5G12, 6G12, 6G12-A (brown)
00001 to 02400 - 1960
02300 to 05100 - 1961
49000 to 58000 - 1962
58000 to 59200 - 1963
Concert AA763, AB763 (blackface)
A00001 to A01700 - 1963
A01400 to A08000 - 1964
A07700 to A08800 - 1965
Model 26 Deluxe (woodie)
100 to 1500 - 1946-48
Deluxe 5A3, 5B3 (tweed)
001 to 800 - 1948
800 to 1900 - 1949
1900 to 3000 - 1950
3000 to 5400 - 1951
5400 to 6800 - 1952
6800 to 7300 - 1953
Deluxe 5C3, 5D3 (tweed)
0001 to 1500 - 1953
1500 to 3600 - 1954
3600 to 5300 - 1955
Deluxe 5E3 (tweed)
D00001 to D01400 - 1955
D01400 to D03000 - 1956
D03000 to D05000 - 1957
D05000 to D06800 - 1958
D06800 to D09000 - 1959
D09000 to D10000 - 1960
D10000 to D11000 - 1961
Deluxe 6G3, 6G3-A (brown)
D00100 to D00900 - 1961
D00800 to D03800 - 1962
D03800 to D04900 - 1963
Deluxe AA763, AB763 (blackface)
A00100 to A00500 - 1963
A00500 to A02800 - 1964
A02800 to A05600 - 1965
A05600 to A06100 - 1966
A06100 to A06500 - 1967
Deluxe Reverb AA763, AB763 (blackface)
A00100 to A00300 - 1963
A00300 to A03900 - 1964
A03900 to A13000 - 1965
A12000 to A19000 - 1966
A19000 to A24000 - 1967
Deluxe Reverb AB763, AB868 (silverface)
A24000 to A26000 - 1967
A26000 to A28500 - 1968
A28500 to A33000 - 1969
A31000 to A33000 - 1970
A33000 to A34500 - 1971
A34500 to A37000 - 1972
A37000 to A39000 - 1973
A39000 to A42000 - 1974
A42000 to A43000 - 1975
A43000 to A45000 - 1976
Dual Showman AA763, AB763 (blackface)
A00100 to A01400 - 1963
A01400 to A01700 - 1964
A01700 to A04300 - 1965
A04300 to A08000 - 1966
A07800 to A12000 - 1967
Dual Showman AB763, AC568 (silverface)
A12000 to A12500 - 1967
A12500 to A15000 - 1968
Dual Showman Reverb AA768, AA769, AA270, TFL5000 (silverface)
A13900 to A16500 - 1968
A16500 to A22400 - 1969
A21700 to A25600 - 1970
A25600 to A37000 - 1971
A37000 to A50500 - 1972
A50500 to A68000 - 1973
A68000 to A99999 - 1974
A81000 to A99999 - 1975
B01000 to B15000 - 1975
B15000 to B68000 - 1976
Harvard 5F10 (tweed)
H00100 to H00500 - 1956
H00500 to H01400 - 1957
H01400 to H02000 - 1958
H02000 to H02600 - 1959
H02600 to H03400 - 1960
H03400 to H03500 - 1961
Musicmaster Bass CFA-7010 (silverface)
A00100 to A04100 - 1972
A04100 to A07900 - 1973
A07900 to A09500 - 1974
A09500 to A09800 - 1975
A09800 to A10500 - 1976
Princeton 5B2, 5C2, 5D2 (tweed)
2500 to 3600 - 1953
3600 to 4400 - 1954
4400 to 4700 - 1955
Princeton 5F2, 5F2-A (tweed)
P0001 to P00350 - 1955
P0001 to P01100 - 1956
P01100 to P02400 - 1957
P02400 to P03000 - 1958
P03000 to P04300 - 1959
P04300 to P07000 - 1960
Princeton 6G2, 6G2-A (brown)
P00100 to P01000 - 1961
P01000 to P05100 - 1962
P05100 to P07200 - 1963
P07100 to P09900 - 1964
Princeton AA964 (blackface)
A00100 to A02500 - 1964
A02500 to A07000 - 1965
A05000 to A10400 - 1966
Princeton AA964 (silverface)
A10000 to A11000 - 1967-68
A11000 to A15000 - 1969-70
Princeton Reverb AA1164 (blackface)
A00100 to A02100 - 1964
A02100 to A07500 - 1965
A05500 to A14500 - 1966
A14000 to A18700 - 1967
Princeton Reverb AA1164, B1270 (silverface)
A18500 to A19500 - 1967
A18900 to A21500 - 1968
A21500 to A25500 - 1969
A24000 to A25000 - 1970
A25000 to A26000 - 1971
A26000 to A27500 - 1972
A27500 to A30000 - 1973
A30000 to A32500 - 1974
A32500 to A34500 - 1975
A34500 to A36000 - 1976
Pro 5A5, 5B5, 5C5, 5D5 (tweed)
01 to 600 - 1948
600 to 1100 - 1949
1100 to 1700 - 1950
1700 to 2500 - 1951
2500 to 3500 - 1952
3500 to 4800 - 1953
4500 to 6000 - 1954
Pro 5E5, 5E5-A, 5E5-B (tweed)
S00100 to S00800 - 1955
S00800 to S01200 - 1956
S01200 to S01800 - 1957
S01700 to S02500 - 1958
S02500 to S03700 - 1959
Pro 5G5, 6G5, 6G5-A (brown)
00001 to 02400 - 1960
02300 to 05100 - 1961
49000 to 58000 - 1962
58000 to 59200 - 1963
Pro AA763, AB763 (blackface)
A00001 to A01700 - 1963
A01400 to A08000 - 1964
Pro Reverb AA165 (blackface)
A00100 to A02700 - 1965
A02700 to A09200 - 1966
A07000 to A10200 - 1967
Pro Reverb AA1265, AB668, AA1069, AA270 (silverface)
A10000 to A10500 - 1967
A10500 to A12000 - 1968
A12000 to A13300 - 1969
A13400 to A14500 - 1970
A14500 to A15000 - 1971
A15000 to A15600 - 1972
A15600 to A17200 - 1973
A17200 to A19700 - 1974
A19700 to A20000 - 1975
A20000 to A21500 - 1976
Quad Reverb CFA7104 (silverface)
A33000 to A37000 - 1971
A37000 to A50500 - 1972
A50500 to A68000 - 1973
A68000 to A99999 - 1974
A81000 to A99999 - 1975
B01000 to B15000 - 1975
B15000 to B68000 - 1976
Reverb Unit 6G15 (brown, blonde, blackface)
R00100 to R00900 - 1961
R00900 to R02600 - 1962
R02600 to R04800 - 1963
R04800 to R07400 - 1964
R07400 to R09800 - 1965
R09800 to R11000 - 1966
Showman 6G14, 6G14-A (blonde)
00001 to 00350 - 1960
00200 to 00800 - 1961
00800 to 01500 - 1962
01500 to 01800 - 1963
Showman AA763, AB763 (blackface)
A00100 to A01400 - 1963
A01400 to A01700 - 1964
A01700 to A04300 - 1965
A04300 to A08000 - 1966
A07800 to A12000 - 1967
Showman AB763 (silverface)
A12000 to A12500 - 1967
A12500 to A15000 - 1968
Super incl. Dual Professional (tweed)
01 to 400 - 1946-47
500 to 1200 - 1949-51
2000 to 4300 - 1952-53
4500 to 5500 - 1954
5500 to 6100 - 1955
Super 5E4, 5F4 (tweed)
S00100 to S00800 - 1955
S00800 to S01200 - 1956
S01200 to S01800 - 1957
S01700 to S02500 - 1958
S02500 to S03700 - 1959
Super 5G4, 6G4, 6G4-A (brown)
00001 to 02400 - 1960
02300 to 05100 - 1961
49000 to 58000 - 1962
58000 to 59200 - 1963
Super Reverb AA763, AB763 (blackface)
A00100 to A00600 - 1963
A00600 to A06000 - 1964
A05900 to A13000 - 1965
A11000 to A20000 - 1966
A20000 to A27000 - 1967
Super Reverb AB763, AB568, AA1069, AA270 (silverface)
A26000 to A29000 - 1967
A27000 to A35000 - 1968
A35000 to A45000 - 1969
A45000 to A49000 - 1970
A48000 to A54000 - 1971
A54000 to A59000 - 1972
A59000 to A66000 - 1973
A66000 to A77000 - 1974
A75000 to A78000 - 1975
A78000 to A80000 - 1976
Super Six Reverb CFA7106 (silverface)
A33000 to A37000 - 1971
A37000 to A50500 - 1972
A50500 to A68000 - 1973
A68000 to A99999 - 1974
A81000 to A99999 - 1975
B01000 to B15000 - 1975
B15000 to B68000 - 1976
Tremolux 5E9, 5E9-A (tweed)
0001 to 00650 - 1955
00650 to 01000 - 1956
01000 to 01300 - 1957
01300 to 01700 - 1958
01700 to 02700 - 1959
02600 to 03300 - 1960
Tremolux 6G9, 6G9-A, 6G9-B (blonde)
00100 to 01000 - 1961
00900 to 04200 - 1962
04200 to 05900 - 1963
Tremolux AA763, AB763 (blackface)
A00100 to A00500 - 1963
A00500 to A03700 - 1964
A03200 to A05700 - 1965
A05200 to A08000 - 1966
Twin 5C8, 5D8, 5D8-A, 5E8, 5E8-A (tweed)
001 to 500 - 1953-55
A00200 to A00725 - 1956-57
Twin 5F8, 5F8-A (tweed)
A00010 to A00725 - 1957-59
Twin 6G8, 6G8-A (blonde)
00001 to 00100 - 1960
00100 to 00225 - 1961
00225 to 00400 - 1962
00400 to 00525 - 1963
Twin Reverb AA763, AB763 (blackface)
A00100 to A01200 - 1964
A01200 to A04300 - 1965
A04300 to A07000 - 1966
A07000 to A10400 - 1967
Twin Reverb AB763, AC568, AA769, AA270 (silverface)
A10500 to A11300 - 1967
A10500 to A16500 - 1968
A16500 to A21400 - 1969
A21400 to A25600 - 1970
A25600 to A37000 - 1971
A37000 to A50500 - 1972
A50500 to A68000 - 1973
A68000 to A99999 - 1974
A81000 to A99999 - 1975
B01000 to B15000 - 1975
B15000 to B68000 - 1976
0100 to 3400 - 1970
Vibrasonic 6G13, 6G13-A (brown)
00001 to 00350 - 1960
00200 to 00800 - 1961
00800 to 01500 - 1962
01500 to 01800 - 1963
Vibro Champ AA764 (blackface)
A00100 to A02000 - 1964
A01200 to A08100 - 1965
A08100 to A16000 - 1966
A16000 to A20500 - 1967
Vibro Champ AA764 (silverface)
A19000 to A21000 - 1967
A20000 to A26000 - 1968
A25000 to A28000 - 1969
A28000 to A29000 - 1970
A29000 to A32000 - 1971
A32000 to A35000 - 1972
A33000 to A39000 - 1973
A39000 to A42000 - 1974
A42000 to A51000 - 1975
A51000 to A53000 - 1976
Vibrolux 5F11 (tweed)
F00001 to F00300 - 1956
F00300 to F00900 - 1957
F00900 to F01500 - 1958
F01500 to F02800 - 1959
F02800 to F04000 - 1960
F04100 to F04400 - 1961
Vibrolux 6G11, 6G11-A (brown)
00100 to 00700 - 1961
00700 to 03700 - 1962
03400 to 05500 - 1963
Vibrolux AA763 (blackface)
A00100 to A01300 - 1964
Vibrolux Reverb AA864 (blackface)
A00100 to A00800 - 1964
A00800 to A03600 - 1965
A03600 to A08300 - 1966
A08300 to A10700 - 1967
Vibrolux Reverb AA864, AA964, AB568, AA270 (silverface)
A10700 to A11000 - 1967
A11000 to A12000 - 1968
A12000 to A13700 - 1969
A13700 to A23400 - 1970
A23400 to A24500 - 1971
A24500 to A25000 - 1972
A25000 to A27000 - 1973
A27000 to A31500 - 1974
A31500 to A33000 - 1975
A33000 to A34000 - 1976
Vibrosonic Reverb (silverface)
A44000 to A50500 - 1972
A50500 to A68000 - 1973
A68000 to A99999 - 1974
A81000 to A99999 - 1975
B01000 to B15000 - 1975
B15000 to B68000 - 1976
Vibroverb 6G16 (brown)
00100 to 00600 - 1963
Vibroverb AA763, AB763 (blackface)
A00100 to A05300 - 1964
YOU CAN STILL HELP!
Sadly, these tables do not mean that our research is finished. We still need more data to fine tune existing dating
schemes (including the overlap in the "universal" A+6 digit and F series) and to provide dating tables for missing
models and/or years. Also, we're still researching the "mystery of the production number" on the tube charts of
late '50s through mid-1967 amps. Please continue to send submit info to us via e-mail.
Thanks again to everyone who contributed information to make these dating tables possible. We hope you find
them useful!!
Special thanks to Sixten Forsén at EDGAR Audio in Sweden for the information and photos, to Sam Hartley for
the information and photos, to Greg at Retro Sound in Australia and Paul Mastradone for the excellent info.
Extra special thanks to my co-researchers, Devin "The Tweed King" Riebe and Greg Huntington, for their
invaluable assistance with collecting data and information about Fender amps.
About the author: Greg Gagliano is going on vacation. You can try to contact him by e-mail, but don't
be surprised if you get a pre-recorded message.
Excerpted from Dating Fender Tube Amps by Serial Number
http://www.superchamp.dk/papers/dating_fender_tube_amps.htm
READABILITY — An Arc90 Laboratory Experiment http://lab.arc90.com/experiments/readability