Day 1

Bell Ringer/ObjectiveBell Ringer: What impact is exploration going to have

on native populations?Essential Question: What was the nature of exploitation

of Indians in the Americas? Connection: Are Native Americans still suffering from this exploitation? If so, how?

Objective: Explain the causes that lead groups and nations to explore after the Renaissance.

AgendaFoundations of ExplorationChristopher Columbus

Create the following diagram in your notebook (it should take an entire page)

Causes Advances in Technology

Impact on the World Explorers to know

Prediction

Foundations of Exploration

Foundations of ExplorationSpirit of discovery due to RenaissanceThe drive to explore

Goods from the EastIncrease in wealthDesire to spread faith Curiosity

Foundations of ExplorationSpirit of innovation due to Renaissance

Advances in technologyCompass – directionAstrolabe – locationShipbuilding

Impact on the WorldEastern culture had spread to EuropeEuropean culture will now spread west

Explorers to KnowBartholomew Dias – Sailed to Asia past the

Cape of Good Hope (South Africa)Magellan – First to circumnavigate the world;

Tip of Southern America across the Pacific

Make a predictionWhat impact will Europeans have on the

native population?

Christopher Columbus“Discovering Ame

rica”Copy the

following table into your notebook (it should take an entire page):

CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS

Background InformationThe Good

(write specific good things that happened as a result of Christopher Columbus)

The Bad(write specific bad things that happened as a result of Christopher Columbus)

After watching the video, answer the following question in the form of a thesis statement: Does Christopher Columbus deserve to be remembered a hero? Why or why not?

Next StepsLook at the thesis you wrote.A thesis should Answer the question Provide an argument Give three reasons why Be written as one sentence

Motives for ExplorationNeed a route by sea to Asia (India and

China)The Ottoman Empire, due to its conquests,

controls the land route to Asia Motives for European exploration:

God – spread their faith to new landsGlory – want fame and adventureGold – search for wealth

Able to expand due to new technologies:Better ships and cartography (map-making)New technologies from the Arabs, such as the

compass and astrolabe

Portugal Takes the LeadPortugal was the first country to launch

large-scale voyages of explorationIn 1420 Prince Henry the Navigator

sponsors expeditions to sail along the western coast of AfricaHis ultimate goal was to find a water route

around Africa to IndiaPortuguese sailors learned that both gold and

slaves were available on Africa’s west coastBartholomeu Dias was the first European

to sail around the tip of Africa looking for a route to India in 1488 – he was forced to turn back due to violent storms

Vasco da Gama set out for India in 1497 and ten months later he became the first European to reach India by sea Brings back a cargo of spice, makes a profit of

several thousand percentPedro Cabral sailed to the west and

ended up sighting and claiming land that became known as Brazil

The Portuguese were interested in setting up trading centers, not interested in conquering They took the spice trade from the Muslims by

forceHad the advantage since they put cannons on

their ships

Spain Sails WestWhile the Portuguese sailed east to reach

the source of the spice trade, the Spanish sailed west

Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand of Spain financed Christopher Columbus to sail west to reach Asia in 1492Columbus thinks that the circumference of the

world is not as large as others thought it wasReaches Cuba in 1492, but thinks he is in Asia,

on islands known as the IndiesSails a total of four missions – explores many

Caribbean islands and Honduras, which he names the Indies and calls the people Indians

The Spanish call Columbus a hero since they think he has found a new route to Asia

In 1502 Amerigo Vespucci sailed along the coast of South America and he finally realized that this wasn’t Asia, but a new landIt is later named America in his honor and the

Spanish set out to explore itVasco Nunez de Balboa led an expedition

across the Isthmus of Panama and became the first European to view the Pacific Ocean

Ferdinand Magellan decided to sail west around the world in 1519 with five ships and 250 menMagellan was killed in a fight in the Philippines

against the native people but his men continued on

In 1522 18 survivors from Magellan’s expedition arrived back in Spain, the first people to ever circumnavigate the world

Treaty of Tordesillas – signed by both Spain and Portugal in 1494 that gives a line of demarcation dividing their new territoriesEach feared that the other would claim some

of its newly discovered territoriesThe treaty gives an imaginary north-to-south

line through the Atlantic Ocean and the easternmost part of South AmericaEverything west of this line went to Spain and Portugal got everything east of the line

Other ExplorersJohn Cabot sailed to and explored the

Atlantic coast of Canada and New EnglandHe set out on a second voyage, but his entire

fleet vanishedSir Francis Drake sailed around the tip of

South America and explored its west coastHe stopped in what is now California and then

went on to become the second man to circumnavigate the globe

Henry Hudson explored parts of eastern America and had a river and a bay named after him

Jacques Cartier sailed past the island of Newfoundland into the St. Lawrence river

He claimed all the land along the river as the province of New France (Canada)

Explorers and their Routes

Chapter 16, section 1, pages 472-473

Research a Native American tribe in the United States. Use SPICE to discuss aspects of their culture. Do you still see any effects of exploitation today?