Degrees of Adjectives

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Degrees of Adjectives. Positive Strong, certain, fat Comparative Stronger, more certain, fatter Rather strong/certain/fat Superlative Strongest, most certain, fattest Very strong/certain/fat. Positive degree. 1 st & 2 nd declension adjectives OR 3 rd declension adjectives - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Degrees of AdjectivesDegrees of Adjectives

PositivePositive• Strong, certain, fatStrong, certain, fat

ComparativeComparative• Stronger, more certain, fatterStronger, more certain, fatter• Rather strong/certain/fatRather strong/certain/fat

SuperlativeSuperlative• Strongest, most certain, fattestStrongest, most certain, fattest• Very strong/certain/fatVery strong/certain/fat

Positive degreePositive degree 11stst & 2 & 2ndnd declension adjectives OR declension adjectives OR 33rdrd declension adjectives declension adjectives e.g. fortis, sapiēns, certus, crassus, e.g. fortis, sapiēns, certus, crassus,

etc.etc.

Adjectives of the Third Adjectives of the Third Declension with 2 TerminationsDeclension with 2 Terminations

M. & F.M. & F.fortisfortisfortisfortisfortīfortīfortemfortemfortīfortī

fortēsfortēsfortiumfortiumfortibusfortibusfortēsfortēsfortibusfortibus

N.N.fortefortefortisfortisfortīfortīfortefortefortīfortī  fortiafortiafortiumfortiumfortibusfortibusfortiafortiafortibusfortibus

Comparative DegreeComparative Degree

Adjective stem + -Adjective stem + -iorior (m. & f.)/ - (m. & f.)/ -iusius (n.)(n.)

e.g. fortior, sapientior, certior, e.g. fortior, sapientior, certior, crassior etc.crassior etc.

Use 3Use 3rdrd declension adjective endings, declension adjective endings, just like just like duxdux

Comparative AdjectivesComparative Adjectives

M. & F.M. & F.fortiorfortiorfortiōrisfortiōrisfortiōrīfortiōrīfortiōremfortiōremfortiōrefortiōre  fortiōrēsfortiōrēsfortiōrumfortiōrumfortiōribusfortiōribusfortiōrēsfortiōrēsfortiōribusfortiōribus

N.N.fortiusfortiusfortiōrisfortiōrisfortiōrīfortiōrīfortiusfortiusfortiōrefortiōre  fortiōrafortiōrafortiōrumfortiōrumfortiōribusfortiōribusfortiōrafortiōrafortiōribusfortiōribus

SuperlativeSuperlative

Adjetive stem + -issimus, -a, -umAdjetive stem + -issimus, -a, -um e.g. fortissimus, sapientissimus, e.g. fortissimus, sapientissimus,

certissimus, crassissimus, etc.certissimus, crassissimus, etc.

Superlative AdjectivesSuperlative Adjectivessg.sg.fortissimusfortissimusfortissimīfortissimīfortissimōfortissimōfortissimumfortissimumfortissimōfortissimōfortissimefortissimepl.pl.fortissimīfortissimīfortissimōrumfortissimōrumfortissimīsfortissimīsfortissimōsfortissimōsfortissimīsfortissimīsfortissimīfortissimī

sg.sg.fortissimafortissimafortissimaefortissimaefortissimaefortissimaefortissimamfortissimamfortissimāfortissimāfortissimafortissimapl.pl.fortissimaefortissimaefortissimārumfortissimārumfortissimīsfortissimīsfortissimāsfortissimāsfortissimīsfortissimīsfortissimaefortissimae

sg.sg.fortissimumfortissimumfortissimīfortissimīfortissimōfortissimōfortissimumfortissimumfortissimōfortissimōfortissimumfortissimumPl.Pl.fortissimafortissimafortissimōrumfortissimōrumfortissimīsfortissimīsfortissimafortissimafortissimīsfortissimīsfortissimafortissima

-R adjectives in superlative-R adjectives in superlative

pulcherrimus, pulcherrima, pulcherrimus, pulcherrima, pulcherrimumpulcherrimum

celerrimus, celerrima, celerrimumcelerrimus, celerrima, celerrimum

Some –L adjectives in Some –L adjectives in superlativesuperlative

Facilis, -eFacilis, -e facilior, faciliusfacilior, facilius facilfacillimus, -a, limus, -a, umum

Difficilis, -eDifficilis, -e difficilior, -ciliusdifficilior, -cilius difficilidifficililimus, -limus, -a, uma, um

Similis, -eSimilis, -e similior, -liussimilior, -lius similsimillimus, -a, limus, -a, umum

Dissimilis, -eDissimilis, -e dissimilior, -liusdissimilior, -lius dissimildissimillimus, -limus, -a, uma, um

Humilis, -eHumilis, -e humilior, -liushumilior, -lius humilhumillimus, -a, umlimus, -a, um Gracilis, -eGracilis, -e gracilior, -liusgracilior, -lius gracilgracillimus, -a, limus, -a,

umum

Comparison of AdjectivesComparison of Adjectivescārus, -a, -umcārus, -a, -umlongus, -a, -umlongus, -a, -umfortis, fortefortis, fortefēlix, fēlīcis fēlix, fēlīcis

(gen.)(gen.)potēns, potentispotēns, potentissapiēns, sapiēns,

sapientissapientispulcher, pulcher,

pulchra, -umpulchra, -umceler, celeris, -eceler, celeris, -e

cārior, -iuscārior, -iuslongior, -iuslongior, -iusfortior, fortiusfortior, fortiusfēlīcior, -iusfēlīcior, -iuspotentior, -iuspotentior, -iussapientior, -sapientior, -

iusiuspulchrior, -iuspulchrior, -ius

celerior, -iuscelerior, -ius

cārissimus, -a, -umcārissimus, -a, -umlongissimus, -a, -longissimus, -a, -umumfortissimus, -a, -fortissimus, -a, -umumfēlīcissimus, -a, -fēlīcissimus, -a, -umumpotentissimus, -a, potentissimus, -a, -um-umsapientissimus, -a, sapientissimus, -a, -um-umpulcherrimus, -a, -pulcherrimus, -a, -umum

celerrimus, -a, -celerrimus, -a, -umum

How to compare in LatinHow to compare in Latin

quam quam afterafter comparative = comparative = thanthan

Both nouns are in the same case, whatever that Both nouns are in the same case, whatever that might bemight be

Cornelia est pulchrior quam illa.

Claudius dīcit virum saevum esse crassiorem quam Caligulam.

OR Ablative of ComparisonOR Ablative of Comparison

Noun + quam + comparativeNoun + quam + comparative

= is the same thing in English as= is the same thing in English as

Noun + AblativeNoun + Ablative

Amo Amo puellampuellam pulchriorem quam pulchriorem quam aliās puellāsaliās puellās..

Amo puellam puchriorem Amo puellam puchriorem aliīs puellīsaliīs puellīs

Both mean Both mean I love a girl prettier than other girls.I love a girl prettier than other girls.

Cōnsilia tua sunt clāriōra lūce.Cōnsilia tua sunt clāriōra lūce.

Quis in Italiā erat clārior Cicerōne?Quis in Italiā erat clārior Cicerōne?

Vīdī paucōs fēlīciōrēs patre tuō.Vīdī paucōs fēlīciōrēs patre tuō.

Quam + superlativeQuam + superlative

Translate “as _______ as possible”Translate “as _______ as possible” e.g. Curro quam celerrime.e.g. Curro quam celerrime. e.g. Puer est quam stultissmus.e.g. Puer est quam stultissmus.

FinisFinis

More ways to compare in More ways to compare in LatinLatin

quam quam afterafter comparative = comparative = thanthan

quam quam beforebefore superlative = superlative = acts adverbiallyacts adverbially

= as ***** as possible= as ***** as possible

Cornelia est pulchrior quam illa.

Claudius dīcit virum saevum esse vehementiorem quam Caligulam.

Cornelia erat femina quam pulcherrimus.

Claudius dīcit saevum esse virum quam vehementissimum.