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ECPPM 201607/09 to 09/09 | Limassol, Cyprus
11th European Conference on Product and Process Modelling
eWork and eBusiness in Architecture, Engineering and Construction
Delivering COBie datafocus on curtain wall and building envelopes
Jan KarlshøjTechnical University of Denmark (DTU), Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
Paolo Borin, Michele Carradori, Michele Scotton, Carlo ZanchettaUniversity of Padova, Padova, Italy
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ECPPM 2016
07/09 to 09/09 | Limassol, Cyprus
Delivering COBie data - focus on curtain wall and building envelopes
J.Karlshøj, P. Borin, M. Carradori, M. Scotton, C. Zanchetta
Index
Subject of the researchState of the art
Getting COBie
IDM development
Conclusions
Future developments
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ECPPM 2016
07/09 to 09/09 | Limassol, Cyprus
Delivering COBie data - focus on curtain wall and building envelopes
J.Karlshøj, P. Borin, M. Carradori, M. Scotton, C. Zanchetta
Subject of the researchBIM
model
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FacilityManage
rINFORMATION
EXCHANGE
Project lifecycle
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ECPPM 2016
07/09 to 09/09 | Limassol, Cyprus
Delivering COBie data - focus on curtain wall and building envelopes
J.Karlshøj, P. Borin, M. Carradori, M. Scotton, C. Zanchetta
Subject of the research
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FacilityManage
r
information exchange:MODEL VIEW DEFINITION
(MVD)
IFC BIM model(ISO16739:2013)
=COBie
Construction (to) Operations Buildinginformation exchange
curtain
walls*Project lifecycle
Production of hundred of papers and
files difficult to be used by
Facility Managers.
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ECPPM 2016
07/09 to 09/09 | Limassol, Cyprus
Delivering COBie data - focus on curtain wall and building envelopes
J.Karlshøj, P. Borin, M. Carradori, M. Scotton, C. Zanchetta
State of the artNowadays, the delivery of
handover information is still based on paper documents and
PDF files.RESULTS
Information often available
monthsor years after occupancy.
Time wastedin recreating information
already specified during
the project.
Manual inclusion of information
in maintenance management
software.=we need something else!
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ECPPM 2016
07/09 to 09/09 | Limassol, Cyprus
Delivering COBie data - focus on curtain wall and building envelopes
J.Karlshøj, P. Borin, M. Carradori, M. Scotton, C. Zanchetta
State of the art
COBieaims to be a unique container able to collect those pieces of information needed for FM,across the different project stages
can be delivered in electronic format (.ifc, .ifcxml, .xml)
standard, open and reusable data structure, based on the IFC schema.
it is a MVD since it represents a subset of the entire IFC data set.
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ECPPM 2016
07/09 to 09/09 | Limassol, Cyprus
Delivering COBie data - focus on curtain wall and building envelopes
J.Karlshøj, P. Borin, M. Carradori, M. Scotton, C. Zanchetta
State of the artCOBie’s data structure
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ECPPM 2016
07/09 to 09/09 | Limassol, Cyprus
Delivering COBie data - focus on curtain wall and building envelopes
J.Karlshøj, P. Borin, M. Carradori, M. Scotton, C. Zanchetta
State of the art
Two different behaviours can be internationally recognized:
all the equipments that need preventive maintenance plan, have consumable parts and require management and regular inspections,
are supposed to be included in COBie.(as stated by Bill East, original developer of COBie)
COBie’s content:
U.S.A.NBIMS-US v.3 - Chapter 2.4
July 2013, National BIM Standard
U.K.BS 1192-4:2014Sep. 2014, British Standard Institute
........................……………………..IfcCurtainWallIfcPlateIfcMember……………………..……………………..
IFC entities
exclusion list
COBie for all(in UK COBie is
mandatory for allcentral procured
project since April 2016)
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ECPPM 2016
07/09 to 09/09 | Limassol, Cyprus
Delivering COBie data - focus on curtain wall and building envelopes
J.Karlshøj, P. Borin, M. Carradori, M. Scotton, C. Zanchetta
State of the art
This research focusedon the UK scenario,
since:
• the UK Goverment’s initiatives could become a framework for the European States which do not yet submit a BIM policy;
• the importance of the UK construction business in Europe, especially regarding private housing and commercial, where curtain walls are commonly used;
Moreover, curtain walls are products that typically require to be maintained during the project life-cycle:
it could be useful tocheck COBie against passive
products!
How to obtain COBie?
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ECPPM 2016
07/09 to 09/09 | Limassol, Cyprus
Delivering COBie data - focus on curtain wall and building envelopes
J.Karlshøj, P. Borin, M. Carradori, M. Scotton, C. Zanchetta
Getting COBie
Curtain wallBIM model
Create withAutodesk Revit
2014
COBie.xml
- The data format for COBie required by the UK Government
- It is just a mapping of the COBie MVD: the information content is the same.
direct exportationthrough an internal plug-in
indirect exportation
via IFC + external app.
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ECPPM 2016
07/09 to 09/09 | Limassol, Cyprus
Delivering COBie data - focus on curtain wall and building envelopes
J.Karlshøj, P. Borin, M. Carradori, M. Scotton, C. Zanchetta
Getting COBie
Curtain wallBIM model unitized
curtain walling system=
Pre-assembled curtain cells,composed by sub-elements,which are installed on site.
stickcurtain walling system
=All the elements are installed on
site.
Curtain panels(IfcPlate)
Curtain mullions
(IfcMember)
Curtain cellsub-elements
Curtain cell(IfcPlate)
Curtain system(IfcCurtainWall)=
Curtain system(IfcCurtainWall)
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ECPPM 2016
07/09 to 09/09 | Limassol, Cyprus
Delivering COBie data - focus on curtain wall and building envelopes
J.Karlshøj, P. Borin, M. Carradori, M. Scotton, C. Zanchetta
Getting COBie
Curtain wallBIM model
COBie.xml
direct exportationCOBie Extension
for Revit
indirect exportationvia IFC + external app.
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Non-collaborative procedure based on COBie .xml: there could be several
issue in aligning information produced by the different stakeholders.
Automatic exportation of all the information included in the model, relating to Contact,
Facility, Floor, Space, Zone, Type, Component, System, Attribute and
Coordinate worksheets.
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ECPPM 2016
07/09 to 09/09 | Limassol, Cyprus
Delivering COBie data - focus on curtain wall and building envelopes
J.Karlshøj, P. Borin, M. Carradori, M. Scotton, C. Zanchetta
Getting COBie
Curtain wallBIM model
COBie.xml
direct exportationCOBie Extension for Revit
exporting the model
in IFC format
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It is not possible to choose COBie as MVD
in Revitwhile exporting in IFC
format;the Extended FM
handover View was used, but it is not
approved by buildingSMART
International, therefore not stable.
transforming the IFC modelin
COBie .xml
Issues in the definition of mullions (naming and
Type association), because of the IFC Exporter of Revit.
Results:Cobie Toolkit, BimService.
Chanche to modify the exclusion list introduced by
the US COBie spec.
No results:BIMserver, BimService
(old version).No chanche to modify the
exclusion list introduced by the US COBie specification.
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ECPPM 2016
07/09 to 09/09 | Limassol, Cyprus
Delivering COBie data - focus on curtain wall and building envelopes
J.Karlshøj, P. Borin, M. Carradori, M. Scotton, C. Zanchetta
Getting COBie
COBie.xml
direct exportationCOBie Extension
for Revitindirect exportation
via IFC + external app.
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Spare Resource Job Docume
nt
Revit, as a design software, is not able to handle information that are typically exchanged during the construction phase.
Impact Connection
Assembly Issue Coordina
te System
Type√
Component√
Attribute√
What is modeled as a family type in Revit, is also exported as a Type in COBie. All the attributes included in the model can be associated to the relevant COBie cell.
Optional content (BS 1192-4)
Content expected not exactly defined
Project-specific indications required
Same results!Results evaluated considering the specific stakeholder and producton which this research focused (and the related COBie worksheets).
:
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ECPPM 2016
07/09 to 09/09 | Limassol, Cyprus
Delivering COBie data - focus on curtain wall and building envelopes
J.Karlshøj, P. Borin, M. Carradori, M. Scotton, C. Zanchetta
IDM developmentIndustry Foundation Classes
IFC:establishes the language
Model View Definition
MVD:selects words and syntax constructions for a certain
purposeInformation Delivery Manual
IDM:defines how the speech occurs
Objective:define a standardized
methodology for existing or new processes, in order
to assist the different stakeholders in their tasks
=
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ECPPM 2016
07/09 to 09/09 | Limassol, Cyprus
Delivering COBie data - focus on curtain wall and building envelopes
J.Karlshøj, P. Borin, M. Carradori, M. Scotton, C. Zanchetta
IDM developmentIDMs based on the approach described by Mondrup, Treldal, Karlshøj,
Vestergaard (2014):it is possible to define IDM packages that specify the
information exchanges that occur at a specific life-cycle stage involving specific actors of the processA B
ACobie-related life-cycle
stages, taken from the BIM task Group (UK)
BActors’ roles taken from the
British regulation BS1192:2007
IDM 1COBie Data Drop 3 - Specialist DesignerIDM 2COBie Data Drop 4 - Subcontractor
Re-definition of the existing COBie IDM (NBIMS-US v.3) in consideration of:- BS 1192-4 and Uniclass;
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ECPPM 2016
07/09 to 09/09 | Limassol, Cyprus
Delivering COBie data - focus on curtain wall and building envelopes
J.Karlshøj, P. Borin, M. Carradori, M. Scotton, C. Zanchetta
IDM developmentIDM components:
Business
Use Case
ProcessMap
ExchangeRequirements
ExchangeRequirement
Models
Textual description of the analyzed process
Graphic translation of the
Business Use Case
Description of the information to be exchanged (who, when and what)
technical specification ofthe Exchange
Requirement (needed to develop a MVD)
Out of the boundaries
of this research
The COBie Responsibility Matrix(projects.buildingsmartalliance.org) allows to link:
COBie Exchange Requirements COBie .xml cells
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ECPPM 2016
07/09 to 09/09 | Limassol, Cyprus
Delivering COBie data - focus on curtain wall and building envelopes
J.Karlshøj, P. Borin, M. Carradori, M. Scotton, C. Zanchetta
IDM developmentMain problem: what should be considered
manageable assets?
premise:curtain
wallcomplexi
ty
Ontological complexity
of the considered product
• Design information, at various stages
• Construction information• Operation & Maintenance
information• Manufacturing-based information
Huge variability of elements
if dimensions are considered
The entire curtain wall can be seen• as unique object;• as an assembly composed by several
subsystems (cells);• as an association of single elements. E.g. in buildings like skyscrapers the hundreds of panels that constitutes the facade could seem the same panel repeated for hundreds of times, but they often differs for dimensions.
Different sourcesof information
Interferences withother disciplines
componentsTypical electrical and mechanical systems
COBie Assembly
specifies the elements Type included in a cell
Type 19
ECPPM 2016
07/09 to 09/09 | Limassol, Cyprus
Delivering COBie data - focus on curtain wall and building envelopes
J.Karlshøj, P. Borin, M. Carradori, M. Scotton, C. Zanchetta
IDM developmentMain problem: what should be considered
manageable assets?• No project-specific
indications• No stable practice on
COBie• Curtain wall complexity
chosen criteria:
Every element:• which needs specific
maintenance operations• for which replacement parts are
provided• that requires to be specified by
additional documents• that requires to be specifically
described by those properties expected by the Type worksheet (e.g. warranty information)Every curtain wall cell*
is described by a specific
COBie Type(regardless dimensions)is exported as aCOBie
Component
*In the general case where curtain walls are not subdivided in cells, each element must be
exported as a Component too.
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ECPPM 2016
07/09 to 09/09 | Limassol, Cyprus
Delivering COBie data - focus on curtain wall and building envelopes
J.Karlshøj, P. Borin, M. Carradori, M. Scotton, C. Zanchetta
IDM developmentResult: Exchange Requirement example
The ERs used by the COBie specification included in NBIMS-US v.3 were used.
Sub-ERs related to the COBie worksheets were defined.
The specific IFC entity which compiles a precise COBie cell (taken from the COBie MVD).
Information to be exchanged is defined
in relation to the COBie columns.
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ECPPM 2016
07/09 to 09/09 | Limassol, Cyprus
Delivering COBie data - focus on curtain wall and building envelopes
J.Karlshøj, P. Borin, M. Carradori, M. Scotton, C. Zanchetta
Conclusionsimpossibility to reach the
actual objective:exchange of the entire set of
informationneeded for Facility Management
The best solution if the purpose is just deliver COBie data in .xml format, in order to fulfil a contractual requirement:- Easy to use;- No additional
application needed: all happens within the Revit environment
Considered scenario:
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ECPPM 2016
07/09 to 09/09 | Limassol, Cyprus
Delivering COBie data - focus on curtain wall and building envelopes
J.Karlshøj, P. Borin, M. Carradori, M. Scotton, C. Zanchetta
ConclusionsHopeful scenario:
using IFC is the only way to enable
interoperability between the
different actors
A MVD for Facility Management which clearly
defines the content of the exchange and standardizes data
flow (also for curtain walls) is strongly needed.
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ECPPM 2016
07/09 to 09/09 | Limassol, Cyprus
Delivering COBie data - focus on curtain wall and building envelopes
J.Karlshøj, P. Borin, M. Carradori, M. Scotton, C. Zanchetta
Future developments
Consideration on how BIM tools translate in IFC format the complex relations that charachterize curtain walls. Application of the developed IDMs to different case studies, in order to verify the validity of the proposal.
A
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ECPPM 201607/09 to 09/09 | Limassol, Cyprus
11th European Conference on Product and Process Modelling
eWork and eBusiness in Architecture, Engineering and Construction
Delivering COBie data - focus on curtain wall and building envelopesJan KarlshøjTechnical University of Denmark (DTU), Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
Paolo Borin, Michele Carradori, Michele Scotton, Carlo ZanchettaUniversity of Padova, Padova, Italy
Thank you for attention