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8/2/2019 Dental Anatomy 7
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buccal eruption and sometime lingually , So they do not appear in the
arch because all the teeth come before it and occupy the space.
What is the function of the canines!
and also it'sof foodimportant tooth for tearingThe canine is very
very strong tooth.
Q) Why we consider the canine strong tooth?
root.very longecause it have aB-12- They are located at the corner of the mouth and the bone at that area
very thick that's why these teeth are among the last teeth to be lost.
important for maintaining the muscle ofverythese teeth areAlso
You can notice that when you look to an old man face who has.the face
lost his upper canine you can see that the canine area "the corner of
the mouth " going inside.
Once Again!
The function of the canine:
1. Piercing of food because it's very strong tooth because it
has very long root and they are located in the corner of the
mouth and the bone in that area is very thick so the canine
is last tooth to be lost.
2. This tooth is very important to maintain the muscle of the
face. So, who lost his upper canine will have a muscle
retorted in. (maintain integrityand balance of facial
muscle).
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Note:
There is no type trait because we have one canine.
Class traits The most stable Longest & thickest roots LL Single conical cusp Only cusped teeth occlusal surface.- Tooth with one cusp: canine
- Tooth with two or three cusp: is pre molar
- Tooth with three or more cusp: molar
- Tooth with incisal edge: incisor
Support the arch and facial musculature.
Arch trait: to distinguished between
upper and lower.
Arch traits
Upper larger than lower Smaller IC / MD proportion
In maxillary canine
{IC= incisocervical, MD= mesiodistal}
Md in upper canine is larger than lower canine.
{Md= Mesio-distal}
Notes:
- The mesio-incisal and desto-incisal is larger in
maxillary than mandibular.
- The height of contour is lower (close to cervical line)
than mandibular canine.
Quotes in the Lecture!
- "Canine is the only tooth has
a cusp but it hasnt occlusal
sur0face."
-"Premolar has (2-3) cusp and
occlusal surface."
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- The longest root is the root for canine.
- The longest crown is the crown for canine (11mm).
Labial aspects
Cusp tip is on a line bisecting the tooth MD so, if you drawmidline it will pass throws the cusp. Incisal outline has 2 sloping ridges Mesial ridge sloping less markedly and shorter than distal MI angle is higher and more rounded than DI angle Mesial HOC is close to the incisal margin, in the junction
between the incisal third and middle third.
Distal HOC is at the middle portion of the crown
*So the distal angle is more prominent (more hanging out).*
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What about mesial outline!
The mesial outline is slightly convex but the distal outline starts
concave at first then it continue to the distoincisal angle, the cervical
line is slightly convex incisaly, it is less convex than the convexity of themaxillary central incisor, and also the labial surface itself has a very
prominent ridge, called the labial ridge.If you remember, in the maxillary central incisor and also in all incisors
we did not see such a ridge, so this tooth have a ridge on a labial surface
running from a tip of a cusp to nearly more than tow third of the crown
incisaly.
Then what are we going to Have!As a result of having this ridge, we see here two depression at the sides
of the ridge, these are labial depression remember these are not fossa
just slight depression.
The root is long and narrow, from the lingual aspect as you see here you
see here a cingulum. The cingulum is very prominent and you see two
marginal ridges and you see here a lingual ridge because of that, instead
of have one lingual fossa we have two lingual fossa (mesiolinguinal and
disto lingual fosse) you have to be able to distinguish between them.
Features of that tooth!
All these features that are prominent, the cingulum, the marginal ridge
and the lingual ridge, all of these are more prominent than the same
features in incisors. If you remember
the most prominent feature in incisor
are for the maxillary lateral incisor ,
but here these features are more
prominent than those in incisors will
elevated marginal ridges and this is an
arch trait because in the mandibular
canine this features tend to be less
prominent.
Could you Imagine!
-So if you hold a canine and see a
very prominent marginal ridges
most probably that the tooth you
are holding is a maxillary canine
not a mandibular canine.
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the maxillary canine features cont.--->
Lingual aspect
o Crown & root narrower lingually
o Well-elevated marginal ridges (arch trait)
o Accentuated lingual cingulum (arch trait)
it is very prominent.
o Pronounced lingual ridge (arch trait)
it separates the fossa onto two fossa so we have
a mesiolingual and distolingual fossa
o ML & DL fossa
you have to be able to distinguish between
these two fossa. "See the incisal aspect part "
o A lingual pit and/or developmental grooves
marking the inner boundaries of marginal
ridges.
o We can see the labial sides of the root from the
lingual aspect but we can't if we look from the
labial aspect; that means it is wider labialy than
lingualy for the MD dimension.
Max. Right
canine
(lingualy)
Figure 3.3 max. Left canine(lingualy)
13 -lingual cingulum
66 -distal margin ridge
65 -mesial margin ridge
28 - distolingual fossa
27 - mesiolingal fossa
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Comparison:
Between canines & incisors: all that features that are prominent
(the cingulum and the marginal ridges and the lingual ridges) are
more prominent than all features in incisors.Between incisors: they are more prominent for the maxillary
Lateral incisors than the other incisors.
Between canines: the same features tend to be less prominent in
the mandible canines than maxillary Canines.
So if you grape a tooth that has a very prominent cingulum and
marginal ridges most probably the tooth you are holding are a
maxillary Canine not a mandible Canine.
Mesial aspect
o Cusp tip labial to a line bisecting the tooth LL
if we draw a line from the tip of the root this line
will not be pass throw the tip of the cusp but it
will be slightly lingual to the tip of the cusp (the
tip of the cusp is located labial to the bisecting
line labiolingualy), this is an important type trait.
Comparison:
between canines (type trait): in the mandible
Canines the bisecting line pass through the tip of
the cusp or the tip of the cusp is lingual to the
bisecting line, but the maxillary Canine always
the tip of the cusp is labial to the bisecting line.
o Thick cervical third
or the labiolingual dimension is thick in this
tooth.
o HOC is between cervical and middle thirds & close to cervical line
the height of contour labialy and lingualy are located very close to the
cervical line nearly at the same level between cervical and middle
thirds
Max. Right
canine
(mesialy)
Figure max. left canine(mesialy)
13 -lingual cingulum
72 -lingual ridge
65 -mesial margin ridge
1 -the mesial sloping ridge
16 - HOC
47 - labial outline48 -cervical line
14 -longitudinal concavity
9 -tip of the root
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o From HOC outline is straight toward cusp tip of the cusp in straight
line
o In the Lingual outline it will start cervically convex then slightly
concave then convex again
o Thick incisal ridge LL (arch trait)
this tend to be thicker in maxillary Canine than mandible Canine.
o Root is wide with a slight longitudinal
the root is wider labiolingualy (LL) and its look very and thicker in
the mesial and distal view than labial or lingual ones.
then when you look to the cross section of the root it's not circular
it tend to be wider dimension labiolingualy (FL) than mesiodistaly (MD)
o Concavity and blunt apex
Notice the cusp tip or the cusp of the tooth is thick.
o Some time we tend to see depression on the root which is deeper
distally than mesialy.
Comparison:
between canines & incisors: the incisors have a thin incisal edge but
canines have thick cusp "dr. wanted here to compare between their
occlusal thirds thickness"
Between canines: the incisal ridge labiolingualy is
thicker in the maxillary Canine than the mandible
Canine.
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Distal aspect
it is the same as the mesial aspect but Deeper and longer
longitudinal concavity on the root
Incisal aspectthere is a question or two on this topic in the exam!
o Asymmetry
the mesial part is thick LL the distal part is
thinner LL the mesial part is shorter MD the
distal part is longer MD ; so please remember
that cause it helps you identifying the two
surfaces of the tooth; so you can be able toanswer the Q that requires to identify the lingual
fossa names depending on this piece of info.
Mesial_half Distal_half
LL thick thin
MD Short Long
o Distal half is wider & has a concavity on the
labial outline
o Mesial part of the labial outline is convex
o Prominent convexity of the cingulum which is
more convex than the labial out line we have the
labial ridge can be visible from the incisal aspect
and 3 distinct lobes (the middle, mesial & distal)
that fuse together to form the incisal part of the
canine.
Max. Right
canine
(distally)
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Pulp
o Double convex lens shape or cigar shape in LL
section.
o widest near cervix, Narrow in MD section{Double convex lens = "" }
Q: what is the possibility of having two root canals
in the maxillary canine?
A: Zero %; all the time we have one root canal which is
very big.
Q: what is the possibility of having two root canals in the
mandibular canine?
A: 30%
THE MANDIBULAR CANINEo Mandible canine is narrower MD and LL than
the maxillary canine (arch trait)
o Also the mandible Canine's has smaller
MD/IC proportion than the maxillary
(Arch trait) causes the width of the
crown is smaller than the height ofthe crown.
Labial surface
o Cusp is not as long & pointed as in
maxillary (arch trait) causes the HOC
are high this makes the slope of the cusp more horizontal
opposite to the maxillary canine HOC are lower this make theslopes less horizontal and a pointed cusp .
Max. Right canine
(incisaly)
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Q. So, the labial surface is not pointed why?
Because the height of contour is high, this makes the slope of the cusp
more horizontal.
Note: the maxillary canine is pointed.
Story of than the height of contour!
The mesial cusp ridge is height and it is located adjacent to the cusp
ridge. And its HOC is located higher than the height of contour in the
maxillary canine. Because of that the mesial height of contour is locatedvery height, at the junction between the incisal quarter and the second
quarter.
The incisal outline is 1/4 or 1/5 of the height, which means if we divided
the crown to 5 divisions; the incisal portion occupies 1/4 or 1/5 of that.
This makes the height of contour looks higher than the maxillary canine.
What about mesial outline!distal outline is slightly convex. Asis straight, but themesial outlineThe
you see the DI angle is more culminant than the MI. We can see labial
lobes, we can see the labial ridge, and we can see the two depressions.
But remember that these depressions are less culminant in the
mandibular canine than the maxillary canine. While the root is conical,
with blunted root as we see it from the labial view. Sometimes we can
see mesial inclination, the doctor said don't worry about this point.
Lingual Aspect!
From the lingual aspect we see similar features for those in the maxillary
canine, but all of these features are less prominent, so the marginal
ridges and the lingual ridges and the cingulum, all of these are less
prominent.
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Concentrate Here!
The marginal and lingual ridges in the Cingulum have an important
characteristic; it is Less prominent .The fosses are shallower.
Mesial aspect!
In the mesial aspect, the cusp tip is lined
by the root, so if you draw a line in the
central of the root it will pass throughthe central of the cusp. This isn't the
case for the maxillary canine. The
height of contour is located close to
the cervical line. Also we can see
dispersion in the center of the root.
Distal aspect!
The same as mesial aspect.
The root is conical with
blunted root as we see it from
labial view.
(*Note: The Dr. said forgets about
the last two points in this slide.)
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Incisal aspect !
The tooth look more symmetrical, But in the maxillary canine it's not
symmetrical. And the Lingual out line is less rounded and less bulky
appearance of the incisal edge. The vertical lobe grooves are less
marked.
The pulp!
The pulp is similar to maxillary canine
But remember that the percentage.
of having two root canal can reach
section inIf you make a cross.to 30%the root you will get something
rectangular which make the L L
than M Dgreaterdimension
dimension.
MD> mesiaodistal}LL >libiolingual{
The canine relationship!
Because upper incisor are wider than lower incisor, And upper canine
are wider than lower canine .So this make the upper canine occluding
the lower canine.behind
relationship:Class one-
When the tip of the cusp of the upper canine is exactly located between
the mandibular canine and the mandibular 1st premolar.
:relationshipsClass two-
When the tip of the cusp of the upper canine is located anterior to this
location.
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:relationshipsClass three-
When the tip of the cusp of the upper canine is located posterior to this
location.
*Notice:
This lecture is included in the exam.-
-The videos that we see in dental lap are included in the exam.
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TEN VIP!
1- The lower permanent canines erupted before the upper ones, also it's
very important for piercing of food.
2- The permanent canines have the longest, thickest roots and the only
cusped teeth without occlusal surface.
3- The crown of maxillary canine is larger than the mandibular canine in
the same dentition.
4- A lingual pit and/or grooves are common features in the maxillary
canine while there are no lingual pits or grooves in the mandibular
canine.
5- There is marked asymmetry of the mesial and distal halves of the
crown from the incisal aspect in the maxillary canine while they are
more symmetrical in the mandibular canine.
6- Characteristics of maxillary canine :
Distal aspect:Mesial aspect :Lingual aspect:Labial aspect:
- Deeper end
longer longitudinal
concavity on the
root.
- Thick cervicalthird.
- HOC between
cervical and
middle third.
-root is wide.
-slightly concave atmidpoint.
-ML & DL fossae.
- a lingual pit
and/or grooves .
-has 2 sloping
ridges.
-mesial outline
slightly convex,
distal one
markedly convex.-root is long &
narrow.
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7- Characteristics of mandibular canine:
Distal aspect:Mesial aspect:Lingual aspect:Labial aspect:
- Deeper end
longerlongitudinal
concavity on the
root.
-long axis of thetooth.
-narrower cervical
third.
-narrower root.
- Marginal, lingual
ridges.
-shallower ML &
DL.
- Rare pits or
grooves.
-straight
mesialoutline &
convex
distal
-3 lobes,2
depression
-conical root
TesT yourself!
Questions
1-the biggest gap in time between the emergence of a lower
tooth and upper tooth is for:
A) Incisors
B) Canines
C) Premolars
D) Molars
2- The last successor tooth to erupt is :
A) Mandibular canine
B) Mandibular lateral incisor
C) Maxillary central incisor
D) Maxillary canine
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3-all of the following sentences are CORRECT about the mandibular
canine EXEPT:
A)Distal cusp ridge is low when viewed from the labial view.
B) 3 lobes & 2 depressions on the labial surface.
C) The Cervical third is wider from the mesial aspect.
D)ML & DL are shallower from the lingual aspect.
4-all of the following sentences are FALSE about the maxillary
canine EXEPT:
A) The crown of the maxillary canine is larger than the
mandibular.
B) There are no pits or grooves on it .
C) There is marked symmetry of the mesial and distal halves of
the crown.
D) The pulp is wider in MD section .
5-the last permanent tooth to erupt is:
A) Maxillary canine
B) Third molar
C) Mandibular canine
D) Second molar
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