DENTAL ANOMALIES

Anomaly- defined as something that is noticeably different or

deviates from the norm.

Dental anomalies

Are deviations of dental tissue origin—

Dental tissues are enamel, dentin or cementum

These anomalies can result from:

Intrinsic factors

Extrinsic factors

Intrinsic factors

Result of heredity, metabolic dysfunction, or mutations

Extrinsic factors

Result of physical or chemical trauma, biologic agents, nutritional deficiencies, stress, habits or environmental conditions.

Hereditary

Congenital—condition that occurs at or before birth

Familial tendency- if a condition exists due to evidence of an inherited tendency

Developmental anomaly- a condition that results during the formation and development of a dental structure.

Classification of Dental Anomalies

Macrodontia-teeth are too large

Microdontia- teeth are too small

Hyperdontia- extra teeth

Anodontia- too few teethTotal anodontia- no teeth are present at all

Partial anodontia- less than the normal number of teeth are present.

Most common missing permanent teeth are:

Third molars

More often the maxillary thirds more than the mandibular thirds.

Second most common missing permanent teeth are:

Maxillary lateral incisors

Third most common missing tooth is:

Mandibular second premolar

Least likely permanent tooth to be missing is:

The canines

Hyperdontia

Supernumerary teeth

Mesiodens- supernumerary teeth in the midline of maxillae.

Maxillary supernumerary teeth outnumber mandibular.

Shapes of supernumerary teeth:Regular tooth shape- supplemental

Cone-shaped- conical

Very small in size- tubercle

Hyperdontia

Distomolars- are called fourth molars and are located distal to the maxillary third molars.—these occur more frequently in the Maxillary then Mandibular arch.

Paramolar- a supernumerary tooth situated buccally or lingually to a molar.

ANOMALIES IN SHAPE

Odontoma-tumorous anomaly of calcified dental tissues

Dens in Dente

The outer surface of the tooth crown invaginates or turns itself inward before mineralization—

Means, “tooth within a tooth”

Discoloration of enamel due to excessive amount of fluoride.

Notched incisors-result of prenatal syphilis.

Result of congenital syphilis—poorly formed cusps.

DENTIN IS GRAY, BROWN OR YELLOW—TOOTH HAS AN UNUSUAL TRANSLUCENT HUE.-PULP CHAMBERS AND ROOT CANALS ARE COMPLETELY FILLED IN WITH DENTIN.

Tetracycline staining

A condition that occurs when an expectant mother or a young child with tooth crowns are still developing takes tetracycline. The teeth discolor and the color ranges from yellow to brown or grayish blue.