Dependent Origination

The Cycle of Dependent Origination – twelve links

Kammic formations

Consciousness

Mind & Matter

Sixth Sense Bases

Contact

Feelings

Cravings

Becoming

Clinging

Birth

Decay, death, sorrow, lamentation

pain, grief and despair

Ignorance

Ignorance –Mental blindness or unknowing: non-penetration or concealment of the real nature

of the object

1. The Truth of Suffering 2. The Origin of Suffering 3. The Cessation of Suffering 4. The Path Leading to the Cessation of Suffering 5. The past Five Aggregates 6. The future Five Aggregates 7. The past and the future Five Aggregates

together 8. Specific conditionality and conditionally-arisen

states including kamma and its consequences.

Kammic Formations

1. The volition in the 12 types of unwholesome consciousness (8 rooted in greed, 2 rooted in anger, 2 rooted in delusion).

2. The volition in the 8 types of sense-sphere wholesome consciousness & 4 associated with knowledge and 4 dissociated from knowledge.

3. The volition in the 5 types of wholesome consciousness pertaining to the fine-material sphere.

4. The volition in the 4 types of wholesome consciousness pertaining to the immaterial sphere.

Consciousness (refers to resultant consciousness)

1. At the rebirth linking moment.

2. In the course of an individual existence (or continuity).

Mind and Matter (Nama-rūpa)

• Here, mind is the three aggregates of feeling, perception and formations. They are called nama in Pali because of their bending (namana) on to the object.

• Matter is the four great materiality with the derived material phenomena from it.

6 Sense Bases

1. eye-sensitivity 2. ear-sensitivity 3. nose-sensitivity 4. tongue-sensitivity5. body-sensitivity6. the mind base

ContactContact

ConsciousnessConsciousness

ContactContact

6 sense 6 sense objectsobjects

6 sense 6 sense basesbases

Feeling

When the six sense objects impinge on the respective six sense bases, six classes of feeling are formed:

1. feeling born of eye-contact2. feeling born of ear-contact3. feeling born of nose-contact4. feeling born of tongue- contact5. feeling born of body-contact 6. feeling born of mind-contact

“.. like a bubble, perishing immediately after it forms “

Craving

There are six kinds of craving:

1. craving for visible objects2. craving for sounds 3. craving for smells4. craving for tastes5. craving for tangible objects6. craving for mental objects

Craving

Three types of craving:

1. Craving for sensual pleasures 2. Craving for existence3. Craving for non-existence

Clinging = Clinging = intense cravingintense craving

1. Clinging to sensual pleasure.

2. Clinging to false views

3. Clinging to rites and rituals

4. Clinging to doctrine of self

Becoming

• Kammic activities, both wholesome and unwholesome, that constitute kamma that generates rebirth

Birth

• The first manifestation of any aggregates in a new existence

Decay

• Ageing and bodily deterioration – loss of teeth, grey hair, wrinkles, loss of memory, etc.

• Death– breakup of aggregates• Sorrow– burning in the mind• Lamentation– crying out after loss • Pain– pain in the body• Grief– pain in mind• Despair– loss of hope

Thus arises the whole mass of suffering

Decay leads to -Decay leads to -

Past cause

IgnoranceKammic formations

Present Effect

ConciousnessMind & Matter6 sense bases

ContactFeeling

Present causes

CravingClinging

Becoming

Future effectBirth

DecayDeath

Future causesCravingClinging

Becoming(Ignorance &

Kammic formations)

Three periods of time

Past Present Future

Round of KAMMA(kammic formations,becoming)

Round of Result(Consciousness, mind-matter,

6 sense bases,contact, feeling)

Round of defilement(ignorance, craving,

clinging)

The 3 RoundsThe 3 Rounds

Attainment of (Arahant)

Path and Fruition

Knowledge

Ignoranceceases

The whole chain of Dependent Origination breaks down

ignorance ceases kammic formations cease consciousness ceases mind & matter cease 6 sense bases cease contact ceases feelings cease craving ceases clinging ceases becoming ceases birth does not arise decay, death, sorrow, lamentation, pain, despair do not arise

the entire mass of suffering ceasesthe entire mass of suffering ceases

The Noble Eightfold Path

What is the What is the pathpath leading to the leading to the

cessation of all cessation of all suffering ?suffering ?

The Noble Eightfold PathThe Noble Eightfold Path

1. Right Understanding2. Right Thought3. Right Speech4. Right Action5. Right Livelihood6. Right Effort7. Right Mindfulness8. Right Concentration

The Noble Eightfold PathThe Noble Eightfold PathRight Understandingof Four Noble Truth

• The Noble Truth of suffering. • The Noble Truth of origination of

suffering• The Noble Truth of cessation of

suffering.• The Noble Truth of the path

leading to the cessation of suffering

The Noble Eightfold PathThe Noble Eightfold PathRight Thought

• Renunciation • Non ill-will• Non cruelty

The Noble Eightfold PathThe Noble Eightfold PathRight Speech

• Abstaining from telling lies• Abstaining from backbiting• Abstaining from harsh speech• Abstaining from frivolous talk

The Noble Eightfold PathThe Noble Eightfold PathRight Action

• Abstaining from killing• Abstaining from stealing• Abstaining from sexual

misconduct• Abstaining from taking intoxicants

The Noble Eightfold PathThe Noble Eightfold PathRight Livelihood

• Abstaining from dealing in weapons• Abstaining from dealing in slaves• Abstaining from dealing in animals

for slaughter• Abstaining from dealing in poison• Abstaining from dealing intoxicants

The Noble Eightfold PathThe Noble Eightfold PathRight Effort

• The effort to discard evil states that have arisen

• The effort to prevent the arising of unarisen evil states

• The effort to arouse unarisen wholesome states

• The effort to bring to perfection arisen wholesome states

The Noble Eightfold PathThe Noble Eightfold PathRight Mindfulness

• Mindfulness in contemplation of the body

• Mindfulness in contemplation of feelings• Mindfulness in contemplation of

consciousness• Mindfulness in contemplation of mental

objects

The Noble Eightfold PathThe Noble Eightfold PathRight Concentration

• 1st Jhana• 2nd Jhana• 3rd Jhana• 4th Jhana

The Noble Eightfold Path

• Right Understanding• Right Thought• Right Speech• Right Action• Right Livelihood• Right Effort• Right Mindfulness• Right Concentration

Morality training

Wisdom training

Concentration training

May you attain the end of all suffering

Sadhu Sadhu Sadhu