DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF

MINI HYDROELECTRIC POWER

GENERATOR

Presented by

A.KANNAN (510812114042)

M.PREMKUMAR (510812114062)

Guided by

Mr.A.VINOTH KUMAR.

ME., AP/Mech

ABSTRACT

• As energy becomes the current catchphrase in business,industry, and society, energy alternatives are becomingincreasingly popular.

• Hydroelectricity exists as one option to meet the growingdemand for energy and is discussed in this paper.

• The hydro-powered generator uses fast-flowing warer thatare usually located on storage tank

• A small-scale system is comprised of an intake, apipeline, a turbine and a generator. The water is collectedvia an intake area then transferred from the streamthrough a long pipe (also known as a penstock).

INTRODUCTION

• Most machines that make electricity need some form of

mechanical energy to get things started. Mechanical energy

spins the generator to make the electricity.

• In the case of hydro electricity, the mechanical energy

comes from large volumes of falling water. The simplest

way to produce the volumes of falling water needed to make

electricity.

• In this activity, we will use fiber blade to build a model

of a simple micro-hydro system. It generates surprising

amounts of electricity, provided you have a supply of

pressurized water, such as from a lab sink.

TYPES OF TURBINES

1. According to the action of the water flowing:

a. Impulse turbine e.g. Pelton wheel

b. Reaction turbine eg .Francis and Kaplan turbine.

2.According to the main direaction of flow of water

a.Tangentional flow e.g. Pelton wheel

b.Radial flow e.g . Old francis turbine.

c.Axial flow turbine e.g Kaplan turbine.

d.Mixed flow turbine e.g . Modern francis turbine.

WORKING PRINCIPLE

The water is collected into the tank ,so it serves as a water reservoir. The

potential energy for further work is generated by the water level

Difference between the tank and the turbines because the water level in

the is very high. Tank also control the water flow through penstocks.

The hydroelectric power generator working principle is nothing but the

water force applied on the blade then the blades are rotated in rotary

motion.

The shaft is rotated by applying of water force then the shaft is rotated

into clockwise rotation.

After that power will produced.

BLOCK DIAGRAM

PHOTO GRAPHY

SIDE VIEW

COMPONENTS DETAILS

DC Motor:

• Almost every mechanical movement that we see around us isaccomplished by an electric motor. Motors take electricalenergy and produce mechanical energy.

• A direct current (DC) motor is a fairly simple electric motorthat uses electricity and a magnetic field to produce torque,which causes it to turn

• At its most simple, it requires two magnets of oppositepolarity and an electric coil, which acts as anelectromagnet.

• The repellent and attractive electromagnetic forces of themagnets provide the torque that causes the motor to turn.

DC MOTOR

FIBER

Multiple definitions of total fiber are recognized;

however, the most recently accepted definition is that

Total Fiber is the sum of Dietary Fiber and Functional

Fiber.

Dietary Fiber, also called roughage , bulk, and viscous

fiber, include non-digestible carbohydrates and lignin

most commonly found in plants.

Need Fiber

Eating foods with fiber is important for proper bowel

function and can reduce symptoms of chronic

constipation, diverticulosis, and hemorrhoids.

Populations with low intakes of dietary fiber may

have more heart disease, obesity, and some cancers.

Fiber is associated with are duced incidence of these

chronic health problems, although the precise

protective factor is yet unknown.

DESIGN CALCULATION

P=2πNT/60

T=L×F

T=33×0.006

T=0.1961

P=2×π×1000×0.1961/60

P=20.52watts

NOMENCLATURE

P= power in watts

T= Torque in N-m

N= Speed of the motor in rpm

L= Length of shaft m

F= Force of water N

RESULT

Pmax= 20.52 watts

LITERATURE SURVEY

1. HYDROELECTRIC POWER GENERATION AND

HUMAN DIMENSION

Mohinder Kumar Slariya

In the era of rapid industrialisation consciously or

unconsciously he unscientifically utilize the natural

resources and resulting into the major problems of 21st

century including environmental pollution and global

warming on the one hand and creating more problems to the

human beings by ignoring human dimensions.

.

2.ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MICRO

HYDRO POWER :Arun Varughese, Prawin Angel

Michael

The most important problem faced by a

country like India is that of rural electrification.

This paper proposes a permanent magnet

synchronous generator (PMSG) based micro

power plant, which is used for a standalone micro

hydro power generation.

ADVANTAGE

• No Fuel Required.

• No Air pollution is required.

• Long Life in omparison with the thermal & nuclear power plant.

• No ash & fuel gas problem & does not pollute with the atmosphere

COST ESTIMATION

S.NO MATERIALS AMOUNT

1 FIBER BALDE 350

2 FIBER BOX 825

3 DC MOTOR 350

4 PIPE 1M 50

5 BUSH 100

TOTAL 1675

CONCLUSION

After investigating the various impacts of a hydroelectric

plant, we were able to determine the feasibility of

implementing a hydroelectric plant.

Since most environmental concerns stem from

construction of the tank, this location would not be

greatly affected by the installation of a hydropower

generating facility.

Also, taking into the consideration that this is a highly

scenic site of recreational value, we will only partially

disrupt the volume of water over the tank, using about 19

percent of the flow.

Most environmental concerns are mitigated by the fact

that the area is already partially developed for a project

such as this.

REFERENCES

• Bhattacharjya, R. K., and Satish, M. G., “Optimal Design

of a Stable Trapezoidal Channel Section Using Hybrid

Optimization Techniques,” ASCE Journal of Irrigation

and Drainage Engineering, vol. 323, Jul. 2007.

• “ObrasCiviles de

BajoCostoparaMicrocentralesHidroeléctricas,”

HIDRORED – La Red Latinoamericana de Micro

Hidroenergía, vol. 2006, pp. 18-23, Feb.2007.

• ITDG, Manual para la evaluación de la demanda,

recursoshídricos, diseño e instalación de

microcentraleshidroeléctricas, Lima: SolucionesPrácticas

- ITDG, Aug.2009.

THANK YOU